瘤胃厌氧真菌对木质纤维素降解的研究进展

瘤胃厌氧真菌对木质纤维素降解的研究进展畜牧与饲料科学AnimalHusbandryandFeedScience,31(1):1618瘤胃厌氧真菌对木质纤维素降解的研究进展丁立孝一,张青,孙琴,李静,张莉,王天龙(1.青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,L东青岛266109;2.中国科学院微生物研究所真菌地衣系统学重点实验室,北京100101;3.日照职业技术学院食品学院,山东日照276826)摘要:瘤胃厌氧真菌在木质纤维素的降解中起着重要作用,它不仅能分泌降解具有微晶纤维素的天然木质纤维素的酶系,并且能组装成具有高效催化活性的纤维小体类似复合体.重要环绕瘤胃厌氧真菌在木质纤维素降解中的作用,瘤胃厌氧真菌的木质纤维素降解系统,瘤胃厌氧真菌的纤维小体类似复合体作一综述.核心词:厌氧真菌:木质纤维素降解酶;纤维小体类似复合体中图分类号:$852.66文献标记码:A文章顺序编号:16725190()01001603AdvanceonDegradationofTheLignOcellulOsewithRumenAnaerobicFungiDINGLixiao1,3ZHANGQing,SUNQin.,LIJing,ZHANGLi,WANGTianlong(1.CollegeofFoodScienceandEngineering,QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,Qingdao266109,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofSystematicMycology&Lichenology,InstituteofMicrobiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China;3.CollegeofFoodScience,RizhaoPolytechnicCollege,Rizhao276826,China)Abstract:Rumenanaerobicfungiplaysimportantrolesinlignocellulosedegradation.Theenzymesecretedbyrumenanaerobicfunginotonlycandegradethelignocellulosecontainingmicrocrystallinecellulose,butalsoitcanassemblethecellulosomewhichhasaneffectivecatalyticactivity.Thisreviewdescribedsomeimportantaspectsofrnmenanaerobicfungi,includingtheroleandsystemofthelignocellulosedegradationanditscellulosome.Keywords:anaerobicfungi;lignocellulosedegradingenzyme;cellulosome反刍动物的瘤胃内栖息着复杂,多样的多种微生物.包括瘤胃细菌,瘤胃原虫,瘤胃真菌和古细菌,尚有少量噬菌体.瘤胃作为反刍动物的消化器官,一方面为微生物提供良好的柄息环境和生长所需的多种养分:另一方面依赖瘤胃微生物的协同作用,将天然纤维类物质迅速降解转化成动物营养和能量物质,是迄今为止已知的降解转化植物纤维素类物质效率最高的天然体系it.反刍动物瘤胃内的厌氧真菌属于真菌界Neocallimastigomycota门Neocallimastigomycetes纲Ne0callimastigales目,在木质纤维素的降解中起着重要作用.与其她瘤胃微生物相比,瘤胃厌氧真菌不仅能分泌比较全的降解天然木质纤维素的酶系,并且能降解晶体状的,结构复杂的纤维素.自1975年Orpin初次证明绵羊瘤胃内发现的游动孢子为严格厌氧的真菌3后,国内外学者已从动物胃肠道及粪样中分离出Neocallmastix,Piromyces,Caecomyces,Orpinomyces,Anaeromyces和Cyllamyces6个属的20多种瘤胃真菌4-5.笔者重要同绕瘤胃厌氧真菌在木质纤维素降解中的作用,瘤胃厌氧真菌的木质纤维素降解系统,瘤胃厌氧真菌的纤维小体类似复合体展开综述.1瘤胃厌氧真菌在木质纤维素降解中的作用1977年.Orpin初次证明厌氧真菌可以降解植物细胞壁.之后大量实验证明:厌氧真菌是食草动物消化道内降解木质纤维素最有效的微生物类群.厌氧真菌作为植物组织的重要附着者,与整个瘤胃微生物系统相比,具有与之几乎相似的附着叶片,降解纤维的速率和限度ll0.通过瘤胃液系统,厌氧细菌系统,厌氧原虫,厌氧真菌和无细胞瘤胃液5个体外微生态木质纤维素收稿日期:0108作者简介:丁立孝(1965一),男,专家,博士,重要研究方向为食品微生物与发酵S-程酶活性的比较.也证明厌氧真菌对植物细胞壁的降解奉献是最大的l】此外,在清除瘤胃真菌后,反刍动物瘤胃对粗饲料的运用能力显着下降.,瘤胃内的纤维素酶酶活显着下降,而引入真菌后大大回升13-14.2瘤胃厌氧真菌的木质纤维素降解系统依托强大的假根系统和酶系统,在植物细胞壁的降解过程中扮演重要作用.真菌假根可刺穿并进一步到细胞壁内,减少植物纤维组织的内部张力.并借助水解酶特别是木质纤维素降解酶对植物细胞壁进行消化,从而达到对植物细胞壁的深度降解.2.1假根体外实验发现,以牧草为底物,体外发酵6h后,真菌能大量附着于牧草的厚壁组织f7.体内实验显示,厌氧真菌游动孢子重要附着于植物的脉管组织1.Wubah发现.厌氧真菌游动孢子对某些植物木质化组织中的酚类物质(如p一香豆酸,阿魏酸及丁香酸)产生化学趋化.也许正是这个因素使真菌能选择性地附着于植物的木质化组织.如植物的厚壁组织和维管束组织.此外,有关真菌对不同物理化学构造的粗纤维的附着差别的研究很少.仅发现,厌氧真菌在木聚糖培养基上菌丝生长致密,且有更多的孢子囊机构,木质素含量高的底物也有助于厌氧真菌在底物表而上的附着.2.2酶系统厌氧真菌产生的与木质纤维素降解有关的酶涉及纤维素酶,半纤维素酶(涉及主链酶和侧链酶),其中一些纤维素酶和木聚糖酶被证明是纤维水解酶中活力最高的酶类22223-.酯酶切断半纤维素和木质素的链接,使半纤维素从半纤维素一木质素复合体中解离出来;木聚糖作为最重要的半纤维素在木聚糖酶和木糖苷酶的作用下降解;而木质纤维素中的纤维素则在外切,内切纤维素酶,及葡萄糖苷酶的作用下降解.瘤胃真菌产生的与木质纤维素降解有关的酶有2种存第1期丁立孝等:瘤胃厌氧真菌对木质纤维素降解的研究进展17在形态:一种是单组分酶,另一种是多酶复合体,如下称纤维小体类似复合体.木质纤维素的降解是单组分木质纤维素降解酶之间以及单组分酶和纤维小体类似复合体之间协同作用的成果.阿魏酸酯酶与木聚糖酶协同作用能降解植物细胞壁中60%酯化阿魏酸24.这种协同作用也许是由于木聚糖酶切割其中的木聚糖,为阿魏酸酯酶提供更多的短的阿魏酸酯化的木聚糖链.尽管纤维小体类似复合体与粗酶液相比仅有少量的木质纤维素降解酶25,但晶体纤维素的降解重要是纤维小体类似复合体的作用25-2sj.纤维小体类似复合体和小分子量的内切葡聚糖酶,B一葡萄糖苷酶等单组分酶的协同作用使微晶纤维素的溶解更明显293.3瘤胃厌氧真菌的纤维小体类似复合体目前已知某些厌氧真菌菌株能产生对高强度的结晶状纤维素具有特异活性的纤维小体.1992年,Wilson和Wood采用凝胶层析法初次从厌氧真菌Neocallimastixfrontalis的培养液中分离到7501000ku的纤维小体类似复合体,并指出纤维小体类似复合体含量的多少与培养基中瘤胃液的添加和碳源的浓度有关293.随后,分别在厌氧真菌Piromycesspiralis,Piromonaseommunis27:,Orpinomycessp.13的培养液中分离到纤维小体类似复合体.此外,Orpinomyces真菌菌丝体顶端的表面也发既有结合纤维素的纤维小体类似构造厌氧真菌纤维小体类似复合体是由大量的糖基水解酶(外切葡聚糖酶,内切葡聚糖酶,B一葡萄糖苷酶,木聚糖酶,阿魏酸酯酶)组装成一种多酶复合体系,但不同属的菌株纤维小体的组分和功能存在明显差别.分子量为670ku的厌氧真菌frontails纤维小体类似复合体至少具有68135ku的6种多肽,重要体现为外切葡聚糖酶,B一葡萄糖苷酶和一小部分内切葡聚糖酶的活性,特别对结晶状纤维素活性较强25,PiromycesC.的多酶复合体至少具有10种分子质量为50190ku的多肽.且整个酶系统中80%以上的微晶纤维素酶,内切葡聚糖酶,木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶活性都存在于纤维小体组分中.Orpinomyces纤维小体类似复合体则至少具有30种分子质量为30一l90ku的多肽近年来,通过筛选cDNA文库,分别从单中心Neocallimastixpatriciaruml,Neoca!limastixfrontalis35,Piromycessp.,Piromycesequi引,以及多中心的Orpinomycessp.,OrpinomycesjoyoniiE等几种菌株中克隆到30余个被觉得是厌氧真菌纤维小体组分的水解酶.涉及外切葡聚糖酶,内切葡聚糖酶一37,一,木聚糖酶,地衣聚糖酶,甘露聚糖酶,B一葡萄糖苷酶,乙酰木聚糖酯酶,阿魏酸酯酶等.与细菌纤维小体相比,厌氧真菌纤维小体所含的催化酶种类更为丰富,且对结晶状纤维素的活性也更强,但迄今为止还没有一种真菌纤维小体的完整构造和构成被研究清晰.厌氧真菌纤维小体类似复合体的水解酶是由催化域,坞因子域两个构造域构成,两者通过连接区链接.厌氧真菌坞因子中保守的Trp35,Tyr8,Asp23个氨基酸是蛋白支架的核心结合位点,厌氧真菌坞因子就成为纤维小体类似复合体中蛋白质蛋白质汇集组装在一起的蛋白支架,.厌氧真菌坞因子将酶蛋白汇集成100ku的大分子,这些大分子再作为鹰架蛋白再组装成纤维小体类似复合体.此外,纤维小体类似复合体中的真菌坞因子域具有与碳源结合的作用,清除真菌坞因子域后,纤维素结合能力和对结晶纤维素的降解能力显着减少5o-5.4展望尽管厌氧真菌纤维小体类似复合体能高效地降解天然纤维类物质,但是有关它的构造与功能,合成与调控,分泌与组装.及作用机制仍然有许多问题需要进一步研究.这些问题的研究将进一步推动厌氧真菌木质纤维素降解酶系统的研究.为木质纤维素降解酶在生物质能,食品,畜牧,洗涤以及纺织工业中的应用拓宽资源.参照文献:11王超,刘国道.瘤胃微生物降解纤维素的研究进展J.安徽农业科学,35(13):37713772,3799.2HIBBETIDS,BINDERM,BISCHOFFJF.AhigherlevelphylogenetieclassificationofthefungiJ.MycologicalResearch,111:509547.3ORPINCG.StudiesonthenlmenflagellateNeocallimastix.fJfJ_JGenMicrobiol,1975,91(2):249262.4HOYW.BARRDJS.Classificationofanaerobicgutfungifromherbivoreswithemphasis0nrumenfungifromMalaysiaJ.Myeologia,1995,87(5):655-677.50zK0SEE,TH0MASBJ,DAVIESDR,ela1.Cyllamycesaberensisgen.novp.Nov.,anewanaerobicgutfunguswithbranchedsporangiophoresisolatedfromcattleJ.CanJBot,79(6):666-673.60RPINCG.InvasionofplanttissueintherumenbytheflagellateNeocalllmatlxfrointalisJ.JGenMicrobiol,1977,98(2):423430.7陈祥庶,孙茂红,岳春旺,等.瘤胃真菌研究进展J.安徽农业科学,36(13):546l一5463.8BAUCHOPT.TheanaerobicfungiinlumenfibredigestionJ.AgricultureandEnvironment,1981,6:339348.91CARROLLGC,WICKLOWDT.Thefungalcommunity:itsorganisationandroleintheecosystemC/THE0D0R0UMK,LOWESE,TRINCIAPJ,eta1.AnaerobicFungiandTheRumenEcosystem.NewYork:MarcelDekkerPublishers,l992.10AKINDE,RIGSBYLL.Mixedfungalpopulationsandlignocellulosictissuedegradationinthebovine13AmenJ.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1987,53(9):19871995.11LEESS,HAJK,CHENGK.Relativecontributionsofbaeteria,protozoa,andfungitoinvitrodegradationoforchardgrasscellwallsandtheirinteractionsJ.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,66(9):3807-3813.12ELIOTR,ASHAJ,CALDERONC0RTESF,eta1.TheinfluenceofanaerobicfungionrnmenvolatilefattyacideoncentrationsinvivoJ_JAgricSciCamb,1987,109(1):13一l7.13毛胜勇,王全军,姚文,等.清除瘤胃厌氧真菌对山羊瘤胃消化代谢的影响J.南京农业大学,25(1):6164.14瞿胜,孙国君,许芸.菜籽油对芨芨草叶片纤维物质在瘤胃中降解率的影响J.安徽农业科学,35(26):82278228.15MOUNTFORTDO,ORPINCG.Anaerobicfungi:biology,eeology,andfunctionMHAKINDE.UhrastruetureofPlantCellWallsDegradedbyAnaerobicFungi.NewYork:MarcelDekkerPublishers,1994.116JTHEODOROUMK,LONGLANDAC,DHANOAMS,eta1.畜牧与饲料科学第31卷GrowthofNeocallimastsp.strainR1onItalianryegrass.hayremovalofneutralsugarsfromplantcellwalls31.AppliedandEnvironmentalMicrobiology,1989,55(6):13631367.17AKINDE,GORDONGLR,HOGANJP.RumenbacterialandfungaldegradationofdigitariapentziigrowthwithorwithoutsulfurJ.ApplEnvironMicrobial,1983,46:738748.18AKINDE,BORNEMANWS,LYONCE.DegradationofleafbladesandstemsbymonoeentrieandpolycentrieisolatesofruminalfungiJ.AnimFeedSciTechnol,1990,31:205221.19WUBAHDA,KIMDS.ChemoattractionofanaerobicruminalfungizoosporestoselectedphenolicacidsJ.MicrobiolRes,1996,15l(3):257262.20BARICHIEVICHEM,CALZARE.MediacarboninductionofextracellularcellulaseactivitiesinNeocallimastixfrontalisisolateEB188J.CurrentMicrobiology,1990a,20(4):265271.21孙云章,毛胜勇,陈洁.瘤胃厌氧真菌对木质素含量不同底物附着及发酵特性研究J.草业,14(3):5661.【22WOODTM,WILSONCA,McCRAESI,eta1.AhighlyactiveextracellularcellulasefromtheanaerobiclumenfungusNeocallimastixfrontalisJ.FEMSMicrobiologyLetters,1986,34:3740.23WOODTM,WILSONCA.StudiesonthecapacityofthecellulaseoftheanaerobiclumenfungusPiromonascommunisPtodegradehydrogenbond-orderedcelluloseJ.AppliedMicrobiologyandBiotechnology,1995,43(3):572578.24FILLINGHAMIJ,KROONPA,WILLIAMSONG,eta1.A,nodulareinnfimoy1esterhydrolasefromtheanaerobicfungusHromycesequiactssynergisticallywithxylanaseandispartofamuhiproteincellulose.bindingeellulaschemicellulasecomplexJ.BiochemJ,1999,343(1):215224.125】WILSONCA,WOODTM.TheanaerobicfungusNeorallimastixfrontalis:isolationandpropertiesofacellu1osome一ypenzyrmefractionwiththecapacitytosolubilizehydrogenbondorderedcelluloseJ.App1MicrobiolBiotechnol,1992b.37(1):125129.26张苏江,孙俊奇.纤维素酶对棉花秸秆发酵的影响J.安徽农业科学,35(4):976977.27白树猛,田黎.ITS序列分析在真菌分类鉴定和分子检测中的应用J1.畜牧与饲料科学,30(1):5253.28DIJKERMANR,VERVURENMBF,DENCAMPHJMO,eta1.AdsorptioncharacteristicsofcellulolyticenzymesfromtheanaerobicfungusromycessD.strainE2onmicrocrystallinecelluloseJ.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1996,62(1):2025.29WILSONCA.WOODTM.StudiesonthecellulaseoftheIl1.menanaerobicfungusNeocallimastixfrontis.withspecialreferencetothecapacityoftheenzymetodegradecrystallinecelluloseJ.EnzymeandMicrobialTechnology,1992a,14(4):258264.30TEUNISSENMJ,HERMANSJMH,HUISINTVELDJHJ.eta1.PurificationandcharacterizationofacomplexboundandafreeB一1.4一endoxylanasefromtheculturefluidoftheanaerobicfungusPiromycessp.strainE2J.ArchivesofMierobiology,1993,159(3):265271.31ALlBRS,ZHOULQ,GRAVESFM,eta1.CellulasesandhemicellulasesoftheanaerobicfungusPiromycesconstituteamuhiproteincellulosebindingcomplexandareencodedbymuhigenefamiliesJ.FEMSMicrobiologyLetters,1995,125(1):1522.32雷威,苏建明,章怀云.瘤胃厌氧真菌纤维素酶的研究进展J.畜牧与饲料科学,26(3):1214.33UVERSKYV,KATAEVAIA.CellulosomeM/LJUNGDAHLLG,OPDENCAMPHJM,GILBERTHJ,eta1.Ce1.1ulosomesofAnaerobicFungi.Hauppauge:NovaSciencePublishers,.34DALRYMPLEBP,CYBINSKIDH,IJAYTONI,eta1.ThreeNeocallimastixpatricialumesterasesassociatedwiththedegradationofcomplexpolysaeeharidesaremembersofanewfamilyofhydrolasesJ.Microbiology,1997,143(8):26052614.35DURANDR,RASCLEC,FEVREM.GH11molecularcharacterizationofxyn3,amemberoftheendoxylanasemultigenefamilyoftheFumeDanaerobicfungusNeocallimastixfrontalisJ.CurrGenet,1996,30(6):531540.361STEENBAKKERSPJ,FREELOVEA,VANCRANENBR0EKB.etaI.GH48themaiorcomponentoftheeellulo.somesofanaerobicfungifromthegenusPiromycesisafamily48glycosidehydrolaseJ.DNASeq,b,13(6):313320.f37EBERHARDTRY,GILBERTHJ,HAZLEWOODGP.GH5GH45primalysequenceandenzymicpropertiesoftwomodu?larendoglucanases,Cel5AandCe145A,fromtheanaerobicfungusPiromycesequiJ.Microbiology,146(8):1999.38LIXL,CHENH,LJUNGDAHLLG.GH6twocellulases,CelAandCelC,fromthepolycentricanaerobicfungusOr-pinomycesstrainPC-2containNterminaldockingdomainsforacellulasehemicellulasecomplexJ.ApplEnvironMi?crobio1,1997b,63(12):47214728.39QIUX,SELINGERB,YANKEL,eta1.GH5isolationandanalysisoftwocellulasecDNAsfromOrpinomycesjoyoniiJ.Gene,245(1):119126.40FUJINOY,OGATAK,NAGAMINET,eta1.GH5cloning,sequencingandexpressionofanendoglucanasegenefromtherumenanarobicfungusJ.BiosciBiotechnolBiochem,1998,62(9):l795-1798.41STEENBAKKERSPJ,UBHAYASEKERAW,GO0SSENHJ,eta1.GH9aninn.onc0ntainingglycosidehydrolasefamily9cellulasegeneencodesthedominant90kDacomponentofthecellulosomeoftheanaerobicfungusPiromycessp.strainE2fJ1.BiochemJ,a,365(1):193204.42CHENH,LIXL.GH16sequencingofa1,3-1,4-betaDglucanase(1ichenase)fromtheanaerobicfungusOrpbwmycesstrainPC-2:propertiesoftheenzymeexpressedinEscherichiacoliandevidencethatthegenehasabaeterialoriginJ.JBacteriol,1997,179(19):60286034.43XIMENESEA,CHENH.KATAEVAIA,eta1.GH26amannanase,ManA,ofthepolycentricanaerobicfungusOr-pinomycessp.strainPC一2hascarbohydratebindinganddockingmodulesJ.CanJMicrobiol,51(7):559568.44HARHANGIHR.STEENBAKKERSPJ,AKHMANOVAA,eta1.GH1ahighlyexpressedfamilylbetaglucosidasewithtransglycosylationcapacityfromtheanaerobicfungusPiromycessp.E2J.BiochimBiophysAeta,1574(3):293-303.45STEENBAKKERSPJ,HARHANGIHR,BOSSCHERMW,etaI.GH3BglucosidaseincellulosomeoftheanaerobicfungusPiromycessp.strainE2isafamily3glycosidehydrolaseJ1.BiochemJ,a,370(3):963970.46BIUMDL,LIXL,CHENH,etaI_Characterization0fanacetylxylanestemsefr0mtheanaembicfungusD,lo,nes畜牧与饲料科学AnimalHusbandryandFeedScience,31(1):19-20硫辛酸对热应激条件下母兔繁殖性能影响谢梅冬,梁明振,黄忠勇,卜泽明(1.广西壮族自治区饲料监测所,广西南宁530001;2.广西大学动物科技学院,广西南宁530004)摘要:在(31.21.5)条件下饲养,分别饲喂在基本饲料中添加0(对照组),200(解决1组),400(解决2组),600mg/kg(解决3组)硫辛酸的实验日粮.实验成果表白:C1)解决l组,解决2组,解决3组和对照组窝均产仔分别为(6.4+2.1),(6.8+1.9),(7.2+1.9)和(6.2+2.2)只,母兔的窝均产仔数有随硫辛酸添加量的增长而增长的趋势,且解决3组显着高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组,解决1组,解决2组和解决3组窝均产活仔分别为(6.4+2.1),(6.4+2.3),(7.0+1.2)和(6.01.9)只,母兔的窝均产仔数有随硫辛酸添加量的增长而增长的趋势,且解决3组显着高于对照组(P<0.05);对照组,解决l组,解决2组和解决3组仔兔的初生均重分别为(49.52.4),(48.22.4),(50.62.8),(45.75.0)g,解决3组仔兔的初生均重显着高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:高温热应激条件下,在日粮中添加硫辛酸可改善母兔的繁殖性能,以在日粮中添加600mg/kg的硫辛酸效果较好核心词:硫辛酸;热应激;母兔;繁殖性能中图分类号:S816.7:$814.1文献标记码:A文章顺序编号:16725190()01001902TheEffectofLipoicAcidonRabbitsReproductivePerformanceunderHeatStressXIEMei-dong.,LIANGMing-zhen,HUANGZhong-yong2,BUZe-ming(1.GuangxiMonitoringInstituteofFeed,Nanning530001,China;2.CollegeofAnimalScienceandTechnology,GuangxiUniversity,Nanning530004,China)Abstract:Theobjectiveofthistrialistoprobetheeffectoflipoicacidonrabbitsreproduetiveperformanceunderheatstress.20femaleNewZealandrabbitswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.5replicatesineverygroupwasmadewithonerabbitineachreplicate.Therabbitswasrespectivelyfedwiththerationof0mg/kglipoicacidinbasalfeed(controlgroup),and200mg/kg(treatment1),400mg/kg(treatment2),600mg/kg(treatment3)underthetemperature(31.21.5).Theresultsshowedthat:theaveragelittersizeamongtreatment1,treatment2,treatment3andcontrolgroupwererespectively(6.4+2.1),(6.81.9),(7.21.9)and(6.22.2),therewereatendencythattheaveragelittersizeincreasedwiththelipoicacidconcentrationincreasinginration,andtherewassignificantdifferencebetweentreatment3andcontrolgroup(P<O.05);theaveragelivelittersizeamongtreatment1,treatment2,treatment3andcontrolgroupwererespectively(6.42.1),(6.42.3),(7.0+1.2)and(6.01.9),therewereatendencythattheaveragelivelittersizeincreasedwiththelipoicacidconcentrationincreasinginration,andtherewassignificantdifferencebetweentreatment3andcontrolgroup(P<0.05);(卧heaveragebirthweightamongtreatment1,treatment2,treatment3andcontrolgroup1wererespectively(49.52.4)g,(48.22.4)g,(50.62.8)gand(45.7+5.0)g,thetreatment3hadsignificantdifferencecomparedwiththecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Theconclusioncouldbemadethatitwasbetterforreproductiveperformancewithadditionoflipoicacidinrationunderheatstress,theoptimalconcentrationoflipoicacidinrationwas600mg/kg.Keywords:lipoicacid;heatstress;femalerabbits;reproductiveperformance合适的气候条件和有效的可运用资源是生物赖以生存的核心,然而高温季节却给畜禽生产带来巨大的负面影响.收稿日期:01一l1基金项目:广西自然科学基金专项(桂科基0731047).作者简介:谢梅冬(1960一),女,高档工程师,研究生,重要研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学.通讯作者:梁明振(1964一),男,专家,博士,重要研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学随着畜牧业集约化和产业化限度的提高,特别是近年来全球气候变暖,热应激在畜禽生产上的危害已日趋严重.一般觉得处在热应激条件下的动物,会产生更多的氧自由基.会对机体多种细胞产生危害0.从而影响机体的多种机能涉及繁殖性能.直接清除活性氧是硫辛酸的抗氧化能力之一,硫辛酸(LA)和DHLA都能清除单次氯酸(HC10),过氧化氢(HO:),过氧阴离子亚硝酸(ONOO一),羟基(一OH),过氧化物一十一一+r一.一?-十一?一十一+十?-十一+十?+一+一+?+?一十-+-十-十一+一+一+-+*+一+*十-+一+-+-+一+一十一+一+一十一+一+一十?sp.strainPC一2J.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1999,65(9):3990-3995.47RAGHOTHAMAS,EBERHAR?