外研社七年级下册英语语法

外研社七年级下册英语语法Module 1 1. First of all, come and look in the lost and found box! 一方面，过来看看失物招领箱吧！first of all 的意思是“一方面”，常用于句首。例如：First of all, let me introduce my friend Lily to you. 一方面，让我向你简介我的朋友莉莉。find v. 发现；找到Many people here cannot find work. 这里诸多人都找不到工作。So far they have not found a way to fight the virus.迄今为止，她们还没有找到一种对抗该病毒的措施。3. Everyone, please be careful with your things from now on. 从目前开始，请每个人小心保管自己的物品。be careful with 的意思是“小心（看待）”。例如：Be careful with that knife, or youll cut yourself. 小心那把刀子，否则你会划伤自己。from now on 的意思是“从目前开始”例如:From now on, things are going to be different around here. 从目前起，这附近的状况将发生变化。4. in a hurry 匆匆忙忙She went to the school in a hurry. 她匆匆忙忙地去学校了。Dont be in a hurry. 不要着急。5. They leave things on planes, on trains, on buses and taxis. 她们把东西落在飞机、火车、公交车和出租车上。leave 这里表达“落下，遗忘”，它尚有诸多其她的含义：1) 表达“离开”，例如：Nancy wants to be a doctor when she leaves school. 南希毕业后想当一名医生。2) 表达“把（某人或某物）留在（某处）”，例如：I often leave the kids with Susan. 我常常把孩子们留给苏珊（照顾）。3) 表达“留到，留待”，例如：Leave it another week, then tell hell have to decide. 把此事再放一周，届时告诉她必须做出决定。4) leave 还可以用作名词，表达“假期，休假”，例如：I have to ask for three days leave.我得请三天假。6. Hundreds of people come here every day. 每天均有许多人到这里来。hundred 是一种确数，表达“一百”； hundreds of 是一种概数，表达“好几百，许许多多”。当 hundred 前面有一个具体的数词时，hundred 不变为复数例如：two hundred cows 两百头奶牛当 hundred 与 of 连用时，它后边的名词和它自身都用复数，例如： hundreds of cows 几百头奶牛Module 21.Id like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano. 我想加入音乐社团是由于我会弹钢琴。1)定冠词the用于西洋乐器前（民族乐器前不加）play the piano 弹钢琴play the violin 拉小提琴 2)中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用：play erhu 拉二胡3）进行球类运动、下棋不用冠词：play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球 play chess 下棋2. I think shed like to join the Dance Club because she can really well. 我觉得她想加入舞蹈俱乐部，由于她真的跳得好。would like意为“想要”，其语调比用 like 婉转些。具体用法如下： 1) 背面接名词或代词，表达“具体要”某样东西。例如： Id like two sweaters for my daughters. 我想给我的女儿们买两件毛衣。Would you like one of these mooncakes？你想要一块这样的月饼吗？ 2) 背面接动词不定式，表达“愿望，爱慕”，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、祈求或建议。例如： I would like to be your class monitor.我想当班长。Would you like to come to supper？你乐意来吃晚饭吗？3) 当主语是第一人称时， would 可与 should 换用，它们都可以缩写为 d，并且like也可换成love。例如：Im sure he would love to come. I should like the red one.我想要红色的。I would like to be your class monitor.我想当班长。Would you like to come to supper？你乐意来吃晚饭吗？3) 当主语是第一人称时， would 可与 should 换用，它们都可以缩写为 d，并且like也可换成love。例如：Im sure he would love to come. I should like the red one.我想要红色的。4) would like背面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如： What would you like me to do？你想要我干什么？Id like you to meet my parents, too. 我想要你也见见我的父母。3. I can cook eggs, but thats all. 我会炒鸡蛋，但仅此而已。thats all是口语中一句非常有用的表法，其用法重要有如下三种：1) 表达仅此这些或无关紧要，意为：没别的；没事；没什么；事情就是这样。如：How are you feeling？ 你感觉怎么样？Fine. Just a little tired. Thats all. 还好，只是有点累，没事。2) 表达沮丧或无可奈何，意为：“没有（别的）措施”。如：If it rains tomorrow, we shall have to stay at home, we cant play football, thats all. 如果明天下雨，我们只得呆在家里，不能出去踢球，没有别的措施。3) 表达说话或做事完了（或临时完了）。意为: “完了；就这些”。如：Thats all. Thank you. 我的发言完了，谢谢。Thats all for today. 今天就到这里吧。Thats all, you may go now. 就这些，你可以走了。4. Dont worry about Chinese. 别紧张中文。worry about = be worried about 紧张Dont worry about your son. = Dont be worried about your son.不要紧张你的儿子。5. I get on well with everyone 我和每个人都相处得较好 get on well with. 与.相处融洽；进展顺利 1) Do you get on well with your parents?你跟你父母相处得如何？ 2) I get on very well with them.我和她们相处的非常好。3) He is not easy to get on well with. 她不是一种容易相处的人如果要体现“与某人相处得不好”，可以用get on badly with sb. 如果想询问“与某人相处得如何”，要用how来提问，例如：How do you get on well with your classmates? 你跟同窗相处得如何？Just so so. 一般般。6. Choose me as your class monitor and I promise to help YOU! 选我当你们的班长，我保证会协助你们！ as的意思是“作为，当作”，例如： As a student, she has to finish her homework. 作为一种学生，她必须完毕作业。promise “允诺；许诺” promise sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事make a promise许下诺言 keep ones promise保守诺言 break ones promise 打破诺言, 说话不算数 7. I often help my mother do cleaning at home. 我常常协助我妈妈在家打扫卫生。 do some cleaning 打扫卫生 do some shopping 买东西 do some reading 看书 do some washing 洗衣服4. Im always ready to help others.我总是准备协助别人。 be ready to do sth. “准备好做某事” getreadytodosth.和bereadytodosth.的意思是“准备做某事”。前者强调行为；后者强调状态。两者背面可接介词for，for背面接名词。如： WearereadyfortheEnglishtest. 8. Im sure everybody would like a clean classroom, just like home. 我确信每个人都喜欢干净的教室，就仿佛家同样。 sure “确信的；有把握的” 1) be sure +不定式用于祈使句，作“务必、一定”讲。 Be sure to come to my house.Be sure to finish your homework as soon as possible.2) be sure+从句，表“确信、对有把握”I am sure that he is coming. = He is sure to come.3) make sure +从句 = make sure of 弄清、查清晰Make sure that he has handed his workbook.Make sure of it before you start out.just like “正如，正像”The night of the celebration was just like Christmas for them.当晚的庆祝活动对她们来说就像圣诞节一般。9.情态动词can的用法（一）基本用法 1). 表达能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为“能；会”等。例如：Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗？2). 表达祈求或容许，多用在口语中，意为“可以；能”等。用于疑问句中用来提出规定，用于否认句表达不容许。例如：Can I help you? 我能协助你吗？You cant play basketball. 你不能玩篮球。Can you.？“请你好吗？”表达说话人的祈求；Can I.？“我可以吗？”用来征求对方与否容许自己做某事。如在句末加上 please一词就显得更有礼貌了。例如：Can you help me, please? 请你协助我好吗？3). 表达也许。例如：He can be at home now. 她目前也许在家。The moon cant always be full. 月亮不也许常圆。4). 表达怀疑。在体现此意时，只能用于一般疑问句中，带有感情色彩。例如：Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？ （二）句式变化如下： 1). 在变否认句时，直接在can后加上“not”,可缩写成cant或cannot, 但不能写成cannt。例如：He can swim. He cant swim. Tony can see the pen on the desk. Tony can not see the pen on the desk. 2). 在变一般疑问句时，直接移到主语前（原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称）即可。例如：I can see an orange on the table. Can you see an orange on the table? 其回答可用Yes, OK或Certainly等作肯定回答；用No或Sorry等作否认回答。例如： Can you look after my dog, please? 你能照看一下我的狗吗？ OK. 可以。用Certainly回答。此时语调更为肯定。Can I see your piano? 我能看看你的钢琴吗？Certainly. 固然可以。 Module 31. On Saturday morning, Im going to check my email and do my homework.周六上午我打算查看电子邮件并写作业。Im going to see a movie in the afternoon. 我打算下午去看电影。如果我们要体现“在上午、下午、晚上”，可以说in the morning / evening / afternoon 三个词也常跟介词in连用。例如：Dont watch TV too much in the evening. 晚上看电视不要太多。They sometimes play games in the afternoon. 她们有时在下午做游戏。但如果特指“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）上午、下午、晚上”等，须用介词on。例如：Ill see you on Monday morning. 周一上午见。She always goes to see a film on Friday evening. 她总是周五晚上去看电影。2. but on Sunday afternoon, Lingling and I are going to have a picnic. 但是星期日下午玲玲和我要去野餐。have a picnic“去野餐”。在英语中，常常用have + n. 构成词组，例如：have a look at 看一看have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早/午/晚饭have classes / lessons 上课have a meeting 开会3.have a rest 休息一会儿Im looking forward to the football match tomorrow. 我期待着明天的足球赛。look forward to “期待，盼望”，背面接名词或动名词(V-ing)。例如：Im looking forward to my holiday.我盼望着假期的到来。The children are looking forward to visiting Beijing.孩子们期待着去北京游览。4. Im going to enjoy myself during the May Day holiday.我要在五一假期好好玩一玩。enjoy oneself“过得快乐”，相称于have a good time，例如：I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我但愿你今晚过得快乐。 5、be going to 的用法点拨 be going to 是一种固定构造，它背面要接动词原形，用来表达按筹划或安排要发生的动作，有时也可以表达推测将要或肯定会发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。具有be going to 构造的句子中往往有表达将来的时间状语。例如： We are going to see a movie this afternoon. 今天下午我们打算去看电影。Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.看那些乌云，将近下雨了。6、be going to 在肯定句中的形式 be going to 构造中的助动词be很少用原形，它一般有三种形式，即：am, is, are。当主语是 I 时用am ；当主语是第三人称单数时用is；当主语是其她人称时用are。例如：I am going to buy something tomorrow.She is going to see me this afternoon.7、含be going to 的句子变否认句和一般疑问句的变法由于句子中有助动词be，即在be (am, is, are) 的背面加上not 就构成了否认句；把be (am, is, are) 放到句首，在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句，其答语为：Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isnt/arent. / No, Im not. 例如： They are going to have a picnic this Sunday. (肯定句) They are not going to have a picnic this Sunday. (否认句)Are they going to have a picnic this Sunday?Yes, they are. (No, they arent.) (一般疑问句及其回答)8、使用be going to 应注意的两点： 1)There be 句型的be going to 构造为：There is / are going to be. (注意句型中going to 背面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表达将有某事发生。例如： There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。2). come, go, leave, arrive等表达位置移动的动词常用目迈进行时表达将要发生的动作，它们很少与be going to 构造连用。例如： Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。 Module 4more 是形容词 many 和 much “多的”的比较级。意为“更多的”，即： 如： many books 许多书 more books 更多书 much milk 许多牛奶 more milk 更多牛奶 free 是形容词，意思是“（时间）空闲；空余的”，反义词是 busy “忙碌的”。即： 例如： I am free today but I was busy yesterday.今天我有空，但昨天我很忙。 in future “此后”，表达从此后来 in the future “将来”，表达将来。 例如： Please be more careful in future. 此后小心点。 I dont know what will happen in the future.我不懂得将来会发生什么事。 In 20 years time, maybe there wont be any schools. 二十年之后，也许一所学校都没有了。 句中的 “in + 一段时间”表达“一段时间之后”，常用于将来时。可以用 how soon 来提问。例如： How soon will you be back? 你多久回来？ In a week. 一种月之后。 They can ask their teachers questions by Internet, telephone or email. 她们可以通过互联网、电话或电子邮件向教师提问。 句中的 “by”表达方式，意思是“用，靠，通过”。例如：Send it by air mail. 用航空邮件寄吧。 They want to travel by train. 她们想坐火车旅行。 Computer wont be able to do that. 计算机无法胜任。 句中的 “be able to”的意思是“可以，会，胜任”。相称于 can，比起 can 来可以用于更多的时态中。例如：Im able to swim. = I can swim. 我会游泳。 再如： They will be able to tell you the news soon. = They can tell you the news soon. 她们不久就可以告诉你这个消息了。 He was able to write when hes three. = He could write when hes three. 她两岁就会写字了。 Teachers wont use chalk on a blackboard and students wont use pen and paper, or erasers any more! 教师们将不再用粉笔在黑板上写字，学生们也将不再使用钢笔、纸或橡皮！ 句中的 “not . any more”的意思是“不再”。例如： He isnt a child any more. 她不再是小孩子了。 I wont do that any more. 我再也不那样做了。 short 是形容词，意思是“短的；短暂的；矮的”，作“短的”讲时，反义词是 long “长的”；而作“矮的”讲时，反义词是 tall“高的”。即：heavy 是形容词, 意思是“重的，沉的”, 反义词是 light “不重的, 轻的; 轻松的; 少量的”。即： cheap 是形容词, 意思是“便宜的”, 其反义词是 expensive 或 dear “贵的”、“昂贵的”。即：easy adj. 容易的e.g. This question is so easy. 这个问题很简朴。rain n. 雨；雨水 v. 下雨e.g. It rained the whole weekend. here is/are. （用于简介某人或某物）“下面” 如果背面跟的是复数名词，就用 is, 如背面跟的是单数名词，就用 are。常常翻译成“这儿是.”或“这儿有.”。例如：Here is a pen. 这儿是一支钢笔。 Here are some students. 这儿有某些学生。 注意单数时与 This is a . 的差别，试比较： Here is a pen. 这儿是一支钢笔。 This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 not only . but also . 不仅.，并且.当 not only but also 连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要与其近来的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。例如： Not only the students but also the teacher likes the sea. Not only the teacher but also the students like the sea. not only . but also . 不仅.，并且.小贴士： 1. not only but also 中的 not only 不能分开使用，but also 可以。 2. not only but also 连接两个并列成分时，可以省略 but 或 also，也可以把 but also 都省略掉。The sea level will rise as well. 海平面也会升高。 句中的 “as well”表达“也，又”，常用于句子末尾。例如： The little girl sings, and plays the piano as well. 这个小女孩既会唱歌，又会跳舞。 He can speak English, and speak Chinese as well. 她既会说英语，又会说汉语。 一般将来时 如果我们想描述将来的事情或体现对将来的预测等，我们可以用一般将来时体现，它的动词形式是：“will + 动词原形”。例如： There will be a computer on every desk in the future. 将来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑。 It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。 We will go to school on foot. 我们将步行去上学。 一般将来时的否认形式 一般将来时的否认形式，是在 will 背面加 not 或用 wont。例如： There will not be a computer on every desk in the future. = There wont be a computer on every desk in the future.将来每个桌子上都将没有一台电脑。 一般将来时的否认形式 It will not rain tomorrow. It wont rain tomorrow. 明天将不会下雨。 We will not go to school by bus. We wont go to school by bus. 我们将不乘公交车去上学。 一般将来时的一般疑问形式 及其肯定、否认回答： 这个时态的一般疑问形式，是将 will 提到句首，并在句尾使用问号。肯定回答用 will，否认回答用缩略式 wont。例如： Will there be a computer on every desk tomorrow? Yes, there will. / No, there wont.将来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑吗？是的，将有。 / 不，将没有。 一般将来时的一般疑问形式 及其肯定、否认回答： Will it rain tomorrow?Yes, it will. / No, it wont.明天将会下雨吗？是的, 将会。 / 不, 将不会。 Will we go to school by bus tomorrow?Yes, it will. / No, it wont.明天我们将乘公交车去上学吗？ 是的，将会。 / 不，将不会。 Module 51.May I try it on? 我可以试穿下吗？try on“试穿” 代词放中间，名词放背面。例如：Try on the shoes before you buy them.买鞋之前要先试穿。2. What else would you like? 你还想要点什么？else常放在疑问代词或不定代词之后，“anything / something / nothing / who / what + else”。例如：What else can you see? What else do you want? I have something else to tell you.Would you like something else to drink?else与other比较：other一般放在名词之前。表达名词意义。other就是一般的形容词用法，表达“其她的”，比方说: Some students are in the classroom, where are the others(=the other students)? There are other ways of doing this exercise.1. Second, shopping usually takes a lot of time. 另一方面，购物一般需要花诸多时间。 take, spend, cost和pay的用法区别： spend, take, cost和pay都可以表达“耗费”，但用法却不尽相似。1) take背面常跟双宾语， 常用用法有如下几种： It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例： It took them three years to build this road. 她们用了三年时间修完了这条路。2) spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以 下构造：(1) spend time/money on sth. 在上耗费时间（金钱）。例： I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time/money (in) doing sth. 耗费时间（金钱）做某事。例： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了她们两年时间。(3) spend money for sth. 花钱买例：His money was spent for books. 她的钱用来买书了。3) cost的主语是物或某种活动， 还可 以表达“值”， 常用用法如下：(1) sth. costs (sb.) 金钱，某物花了（某人）多少钱。例： A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 时间，某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间。例： Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 她花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。4) pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例： I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每月要付20英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth. 付的钱。例： I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3) pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例： Don t worry! Ill pay for you. 别紧张， 我会给你付钱的。2. Online shopping is changing our way of life. 网上购物正在变化我们的生活方式。way在这里表达“方式，措施”，它还可以表达“道路，路线”，例如： I dont know the way to the post office.我不结识去邮局的路。语法点拨特殊疑问句：一、定义：以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。二、常用的疑问词有：what（什么）， who（谁）， whose（谁的）, which（哪个）， when（何时）, where（哪里）, how（如何）, why（为什么）等。三、特殊疑问句的语序：1疑问词（+主语）+谓语动词+其她成分？Who is singing in the room?2疑问词+一般疑问句语序？如：How much are these sausages? What size does his mother take? How much meat do you want? What colour would you like? What time does he get up every morning?When are you going to have a picnic?Why do they like shopping on the Internet? 四、注意事项：1回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes / no，即问什么答什么，特别是简略回答。如：1) What colour does he like? He likes white.2) What size do you like? Small.3) How much beef would you like? Half a kilo.4) How much are they? Thirty-eight yuan a kilo.5) Why do they like shopping on the Internet? Because they can buy almost everything on the Internet, and its very easy.2特殊疑问句一般读降调()。how many与how much的用法：1. how many接可数名词的复数，表达“多少”。How many books are there on the desk?How many days are there in a week?2. how much的用法:1) 用来询问事物的数量，后接不可数名词。例如： How much milk is there in the glass? 2) 用来询问事物的重量。例如：How much does the pig weigh? Eighty kilos.3) how much 意为“多少钱”时，可单独使用，也可构成词组how much money，但英语中常省略money，用来询问某物的价钱、价格。（注意：how much询问价格时，它的回答若是中国的货币单位应采用汉语拼音yuan来表达, 且字母小写，无复数。How much is the eraser?Two yuan. 两元。4) 用来询问数字计算的成果，相称于what。例如： How much is three plus one? Its four. Module 61. along作介词时，意为“沿着”。 e.g. Go along the road and youll see it.2. across 和 cross：（1）across为介词，表达（在表面）越过，横穿” ；cross为动词，意为“穿过，横穿”。（2）across必须与动词连用。cross不能与动词连用。例如：run across3. Why not + v.?表达“为什么不呢？” Why not go to the library?4. opposite是介词，表达“在的对 面”。 e.g. The bank is opposite the bookshop.5. turn left表达“向左转”；turn right表 示 “向右转”。 6. third是序数词，表达“第三”。Three是基数词。序数词要放在the的背面。 e.g. the third street 7. Could you tell me how to get to + 地点? = Can you tell me the way to + 地点? = Where is + 地点?8. take v. 搭乘；乘坐；固定使用；把（某人）带往；使（某人）到 take bus/train/boat Can you take me to the bus station? 问路的句型：Where is ?How can I go/get to ?Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to ?Could you show me the way to ? 指路的句型：Go along the street and youll see Turn left/Turn right.Turn left into Take the underground/Take a bus/taxi.Follow the road 1. Were standing opposite the National Gallery, a museum with lots of famous paintings. a museum 是 the National Gallery 的同位语，with 引导的介词短语修饰 museum。2. It takes you 135 metres above the River Thames. above prep. 在上方；在之上 The bird is flying above the water. 那只鸟在水面上飞。 He lifted his hands above his head. 她将双手举过头顶。3. When you are tired, the best way to see London is by boat. 当你累了, 游览伦敦最佳的方式便是乘船。 4. As you go along the river, the London Eye is on your right. 沿河进行时，伦敦眼就在你的右边。 as 这里引导的是时间状语从句。 5. When you get off the boat, go past the station and walk along the street. get off 表达“下（车，船）” past prep. 路过（某物或某地）；越过 We walk past the school. go past 通过 walk along 沿着走 I like to walk along the beach.6. Youre now back where you started. 你目前回到了出发的地方。 Where you started 是地点状语从句。 1. 方位介词。 on the left/right 在左边/右边 next to 临近 opposite 在附近 on the corner of 在的拐角 between and 在和之间2. 问路、指路。 Turn left/right. Go across Take the No. bus. Where is ? How can I get to ? Could you tell me the way to ? Can you show me the way to ?Module 7be 动词的形式原形am is are 否认缩略式am not isnt arent 过去式was was were 否认缩略式wasnt wasnt werent 具有was的 特殊疑问句例如：1. What was the name of the village?2. What was the name of your first school?3. Who was your first teacher?具有were的 特殊疑问句例如：1. Where were you born?2. Where were you born, Tony?3. Who were your first friends?4. What were they like?5. And what were you like?1.be born 出生于 如: I was born in Zibo. 我出生于淄博。 2. the name of 的名字 如: The name of his school is Foreign Language School. 她学校的名字是外语学校。3. be strict with 对某人严格 e.g. Our teacher is very strict with us. 教师对我们规定很严格。 4. primary school 小学 e.g. The children like their primary school very much. 孩子们非常喜欢她们的小学。 There was a big living room with a TV, a kitchen, a bathroom and three bedrooms. 有一种很大的起居室，里面有一台电视机；此外尚有一间厨房、一种卫生间和三间卧室。 此句中的 with a TV 是介词短语，在句中 作定语，修饰 a big living room。 又如： 1. China is a country with a population of 1.3 billion. 中国是一种拥有13亿人口的国家。 2. I have a house with a swimming pool. 我有一座带游泳池的房子。 3. Our teachers is a woman with brown eyes. 我们教师是一位女教师，她有着一双褐色 的眼睛。 一般过去时（1）一般过去时表达过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为；动词 be 的过去时的基本构造：肯定：主语 + was/were + 其她；否认：主语 + was/were + not + 其她; 一般疑问：were/was + 主语 + 其她。be 动词的过去式原形am is are 否认缩略式am not isnt arent 过去式was was were 否认缩略式wasnt wasnt werent 学习动词 be 的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮人们更好地掌握动词 be 的一般过去时。动词 be 的过去时有四巧：一是时间状语巧，表达过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数 was，复数 were；否认句构造是三巧，not 紧跟waswere；四是疑问句式巧， waswere 向前跑(提前)。 【一巧】 时间状语巧。一般过去时表达过去发生的动作或存在的状态，碰巧与表达过去的某些时间状语连用。例如：yesterday, last nightweekmonthyear, last Saturday, the day before yesterday, in 1998, fiveyearsago 等。【二巧】 形式巧。它与一般目前时同样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用 was；主语是第二人称或其她人称复数时，谓语动词用 were。例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。They were at school last Tuesday 上周二她们在学校。【三巧】 否认句构造巧。与动词 be的一般目前时同样，它在动词背面加 not 即可变成否认句，并且 was, were 与 not 可以缩写成 wasnt, werent。即：主语 wasnt werent 表语 其她。例如：I was not (wasnt) here yesterday 昨天我不在这儿。 【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把 was, were 提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即：Was (Were) + 主语 + 表语 其她？这碰巧与动词 be 的一般目前时的疑问句式相似。例如：Were you at