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Some compound words used to describe urban transportation are introduced in this section.It is suggested that more compound words should be introduced.The teacher may first list the compound words and then ask the students to read aloud the words after himself or herself.To make the students more familiar with the structure of these compound words,the teacher might as well elicit the word formation in the students.And if necessary,the teacher may add some.The pronunciation in this period is liaison.The teacher may play the tape for the students and ask them to follow.After that the students may practice saying the sentences while their partners are monitoring.In grammar we will meet Imperatives.The teacher should try to acquaint the students with the definition of Imperatives.The Teaching Procedures are as follows:first the teacher may list the meanings of each sign on the blackboard and then make the students to match the signs with the meanings.To make them aware of definitions youd better choose the functions from the sentences listed.Activity 2 is an applied activity.To deal with it the teacher may prepare some pictures beforehand for the students to talk about the meanings of some traffic signs.Activity 3 is a combination of speaking and grammar.Through this part not only will the students speaking skills be trained,but also they will have a better understanding of the positive form and the negative form of imperatives.To make the students clear about it the teacher had better give the students some exercises for a consolidation.Three Dimensional Teaching AimsKnowledge and SkillsMake the students learn to sum up grammatical rules themselves.Make sure the students master the grammatical items.Train the students pronunciation.Process and StrategiesMotivate the students enthusiasm in taking part in the class.Feelings and ValueThrough the study of this period the students will surely know more about the Imperatives.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Revision (The teacher ask the individual students to report to the class the expressions in giving advice.)1.You should.2.Why not.?d better.s a good idea to.5.Make sure.Step 2 VocabularyT:Good job!Next step we will learn some compound nouns.Now look at the blackboard.What are they called? (Write the following two words on the blackboard.)traffic jamroad workSs:They are compound nouns.T:Youre quite right.Now match the words from Box A with those from Box B to make compound nouns.(Show the following on the screen.)Abicyclecityringrushtraffic BcentrehourlanelightsroadSuggested answers:1.bicycle lane2.city centre3.ring road4.rush hour5.traffic lights T:More exercises are as follows:(Show the following sentences on the screen.)Match the words and definitionsExample:Lots of traffic which isnt moving. traffic jam1.a road which goes around the city_2.a read one means “stop”;a green one means “go”_3.the busiest time of the day_4.a part of the road reserved for bicycles_5.work in progress on the road_6.the centre of the city_(Give the students a few minutes and then call back their answers.) Suggested answers:1.ring road2.traffic lights3.rush hour4.bicycle lane5.road works6.city centreStep 3 Pronunciation T:So much for the vocabulary.Now lets come to the next partpronunciation.(The teacher play the tape for the students.)Now listen to the underlined sounds in the following sentences.（Show the following sentence on the screen.）1.I got stuck again in the traffic.2.They seemed to know each other.3. .and we still couldnt move.4.It was just ridiculous.5.They dont wait for the green light to pass.T:You must remember:Good pronunciation needs a lot of training,imitation and practice.Listening is as important as imitation.You should not only listen to the teachers and your classmates pronunciation,but also to tapes record your own reading after doing some repetition and imitation,and see how they are different and where you are wrong.Go on practicing until you get it. T:Now say these sentences aloud.Make sure you pronounce the underlined sounds correctly.(Show the following on the screen.)(The teacher divide the students into a few groups and then make them practice the sentences individually.)Step 4 GrammarT:Just now we practiced our pronunciation.The rest of the time lets learn some grammar:Imperatives.Look at the signs and complete the meanings of the other three signs.Suggested answers:t turn left.(no left turn.)t stop (no parking).t walk (no pedestrians).T:Do you know what they have in common?You may decide what they do from the following list of 4 possibilities.(Show the following list on the screen.)1.They give advice. 2.They give instructions.3.They give information.4.They give permission.Suggested answers:2T:Good job!As we all know,traffic jams are usually very annoying.Look at the picture.What is the man doing?S:From the picture we can guess maybe he is worried about the road condition.He is very angry.T:Youve got it!Now read the following dos and donts for motorists stuck in a traffic jam.Tick the ones you agree with.Dos:1.Switch off the motor.2.Turn on the car radio.3.Speak to your passengers.4.Follow the rules of the road.5.Keep cool.Donts1.Leave the motor on.2.Blow your horn.3.React when others drive badly.4.Break the rules of the road.5.Get angry.(The teacher may ask the students to have a discussion and then make some representatives to report to the class.)Step 4 Summary and homeworkT:Today we have learned some compound words as well as the expressions in giving advice.Besides,we have practiced block+release.After class please practice more and finish Exercises 2 & 3.So much for today.Good-bye,everyone!Ss:Good-bye,sir!The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardModule 2Traffic JamThe third periodtraffic jamroad worksRecord after Teaching_Activities and Research1.Try to choose a paragraph to practice your pronunciation.2.Find more compound nouns to analyse.Reference for TeachingGrammar由一道高考题谈祈使句2003年高考英语第24小题:Sorry,Joe,I didnt mean to.Dont call me “Joe”.Im Mr.Parker to you,and _you forget it.A.dot说明:本题正确答案是D,题干中dont you forget it是一个祈使句。祈使句表示命令、要求、请求或劝告等。祈使句一般以动词原形开头,无时态及数的变化,句末用句号或感叹号,口述时用降调。祈使句有三种类型:1.含第二人称主语的祈使句;2.含第一或第三人称主语的祈使句;3.无动词祈使句。一、含第二人称主语的祈使句1.当祈使的对象是第二人称you时称为含第二人称主语的祈使句。这时,主语you通常不出现在句中,谓语动词用原形。有时在句首或句末加please,还可加上称呼语,用逗号与句子主体隔开。如:Be quiet,please,boys!孩子们,请安静！Come and have a cup of tea.来喝杯茶吧。如要加强语气,可在动词前加do。如:Do be here in time!务请准时！t或Do not,强调否定式则在动词前加Never。如:Dont keep your mother waiting.别让你妈妈等了。Never be late again.千万别再迟到了。在一些指示牌上,常用”No +动名词”构成简略式的否定祈使句。如:No smoking!不准抽烟！No parking!不准停车！3.有时,为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令,或表达说话人的急躁、厌烦、恼怒的情绪,就用主语you表示,且放在动词前。如:You take that seat!你坐那个座位！You mind your own business!关心你自己的事吧！若为否定式,则把Dont放在主语you之前。如:Dont you do that again!你再不能做那种事了！在本文开头的那道高考题中,第一个人称呼对方为Joe,结果第二个人很生气,很不满地叫他别称自己Joe而应称Mr Parker,并强调”你不能忘了这点”,语境明显地表示出第二个人的恼怒情绪,故在空格后出现you,从而构成这种祈使句。二、含第一、第三人称主语的祈使句1.含第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以Let开头,第一人称由”Let + me/us +动词原形”构成,第三人称由”Let + 第三人称代词（用宾格）或名词+动词原形”构成。这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。如:Let me have a try if you dont want to.如果你不想,就让我试一试吧。Lets spend this weekend in the country.咱们到乡下去度这个周末吧。Let him be here by ten oclock.叫他10点到这里吧。2.这类祈使句的否定式是在原形动词前加not,也可以在let前加Dont。如:Lets not waster our time arguing about it.我们不要为了争论这件事而浪费时间。Dont let us wait here.别让我们在这儿等。Dont let Bill overwork.别让比尔过度劳累了。三、无动词祈使句在请求、命令和口号中,常用无动词祈使句,它实际上是省略了动词,从而使语句更简洁或有力。如:Just a minute,please!请稍等！This way,please!请这边走！Faster!再快点！Up the stairs!上楼！To the pumps,every one of you!去抽水,你们每个人都去！Hand me the book,please.请递给我那本书。Stand up at once.马上给我站起来。Fill in this form.把这个表填好。Lets stay here till the storm has passed.让我们等暴风雨停了之后再说吧。Come in and sit down.进来请坐。Help yourself to some fruits.请吃水果。Hurry up or you will be late.抓紧点,不然你要迟到了。Do that again and youll be in trouble.要是再干那事,你会有麻烦的。Help with my luggage and Ill give you some candies.帮我拿行李我就给你糖果吃。Give us ten years and just see what our country will be like.给我们10年,再看看我们国家会是什么样子。Dont touch the exhibits.不要触摸展品。Dont anyone come into the room.任何人不准进入这个房子。
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