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英语,完形填空,1考查内容完形填空是全国各省、地、市中考的必考题型，在中考英语试卷中一般占总分的10%15%。从近几年的中考命题趋势来看，完形填空基本上遵循“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的设计思路，注重测试考生运用所学的知识，对文章提供的信息进行逻辑推理、分析归纳的综合能力。完形填空考查考生对语法、词汇、句型、句式、词语惯用法等的掌握情况，特别是考查动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词，此外还有状语从句的连接词、词组搭配及常用的词语、冠词、不定代词等。2考查难度完形填空题型综合性较高，难度较大。具体地说，虽然完形填空首句不挖空，但是四个选项(个别试题给出三个选项)都有较强的迷惑性和干扰性，同时命题者加大了句子的层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例，有些后置性设空的难度也较大，有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现，因此区分度较高。,3试题特点完形填空的基本设计形式都是从一篇短文中抽走1015处，形成空白。可以说完形填空是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词的情况下的阅读理解，试题特点也逐渐出现了“情景推理多，语法选项少”的趋势。预计2015年中考完形填空题将继续体现“突出语篇”的命题原则，即“意义填空逐步取代语法填空”，题材和体裁的选取会更加的生活化、多样化，选材内容新颖，时代感强，更加强注重贴近学生的生活实际。加大对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查，将是中考完形填空的命题趋势。,1重视首句，把握开篇完形填空一般无标题，首句通常不挖空，是完整的一句。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，同时可预测文章的主旨和大意。2通读全文，掌握大意解题前，要快速掌握全文，了解文章的基本内容和整体结构。首先要跳过空白处，通读全文，遇到对意思理解不透的地方时，仍要快速阅读下去，不要把时间浪费在对个别字句的推敲上，应全力以赴捕捉可能获得的所有信息，尽快了解文章大意，弄清楚文章中涉及到的“W”即who(人物)，what(事件)，when(时间)，where(地点)，why(原因)，whose(相互关系)。切忌看一空填一空，以免断章取义，误解作者的本意。3瞻前顾后，逐步填空“瞻前顾后”，即答题时要回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白处待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，通过择优法或排除法最后确定答案。,4抓住关键词，根据上下文解题解题时，要善于发现文章中起重要作用的关键词、短语或句子，以便准确了解所提问题的特定语境以及语篇中的内在关系，做到言之有据。比如文章的第一句、每段的第一句和最后一句等，它们往往是全文或全段的主题句，通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物和事件等。5复读全文，验证答案把填好的短文通读一遍，将不合题意的答案调整或修改；如果实在无法确定，可以作推理性猜测，不可放弃不填。进行核查同时注意以下三点：(1)上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。(2)语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。(3)段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。,1A.inorderBinlineCinplaceDincontrol2A.almostBhardlyCseldomDnever3A.buyBpayCprovideDraise4A.storeBhouseCmallDcentre5A.moneyBboxCleavesDbike6A.happyBsmartCsweetDlovely7A.andBasCthatDbut8A.repliedBtoldCliedDtalked9A.answertoBapplytoCexpecttoDturnto10A.hopefulBwonderfulCthankfulDhelpful,B(2014，丹东)IoftenaskedmymotherforhelpwhenIhad_1_todo.Butshealwayssaid,“Doityourself,dear.”Iwasnothappyaboutthisatall.Ithoughtshewasthe_2_motherintheworld!Forexample,oneday,Idecidedtoinvitesomefriendsof_3_tomyhome.Mybedroomwasinamess.Bookswere_4_,andIdidntmakethebed.Iaskedmymothertohelpmecleanit,_5_shestillsaid,“Doityourself.”Becauseofmy“lazymother”，I_6_towashmyclothesandcleanmyroom.Ihadtohelpmyparentsdo_7_Ievenhadtogotothedentistby_8_Itwasreallyhardformetodoeverythingwell,butIhavelearnedalot.Astime_9_，Iunderstandmymother.She_10_mecleveranddiligent(勤奋的)Sheisagreatmother.,1A.everythingeasyBanythingeasyCsomethingdifficultDnothingdifficult2A.nicestBbestCtallestDlaziest3A.IBmineCmeDmy4A.hereBthereCeverywhereDnowhere5A.butBorCthoughDso6A.volunteeredBwantedCofferedDhad7A.sportsBchoresCdecisionsDmistakes8A.myselfBherselfCourselvesDhimself9A.goesbackBgoesoverCgoesbyDgoesup10A.helpedBmadeCtaughtDthought,C(2014，河南)“Itsrainingcatsanddogs！”Grandpashouted.LittleRichiecamerunningtothewindow.Hewantedtoseethe_1_fallingfromthesky.Helookedoutofthewindow，butitwas_2_thattherewerenocatsordogs.Heonlysawsmallpoolsofwaterontheground.“Man，itsreallycomingdownoutthere！”UncleBobagreed_3_helookedoutofthewindow，too.Richiescratchedhishead(挠头)Whatwascomingdown？Firsttheytalkedaboutcatsanddogsthat_4_beseen.Nowsomeonesaid“it”Whatwasgoingonwiththese_5_？“Wow！”AuntSusieshoutedasshelookedoutofthewindow.“Itsrainingreallyhard.”Richie_6_hisaunt.“Itisraininghard，”heagreed，“but_7_arethecatsanddogs？”Grandpalaughed.“Richie，thatjust_8_itsrainingreallyhard.”“Sowhydidntyoujustsaythat？”Richie_9_Itwasirritating(恼人的)whenpeoplespokeliketheywerenotspeakingEnglishatall.“Wedid.Youjustdidntunderstandthese_10_”Richiescousinsaidwithabigsmile.“Well，nowIdo，”Richiesaid.,1A.tigersandlionsBpigsandsheepCcatsanddogsDchickensandducks2A.importantBpossibleCnecessaryDstrange3A.unlessBafterCtillDthough4A.couldntBshouldntCneedntDmustnt5A.daysBanimalsCideasDpeople6A.shoutedatBlookedatClaughedatDpointedat7A.whatBhowCwhereDwho8A.explainsBprovesCmeansDshows9A.orderedBthoughtCrepeatedDasked10A.sayingsBquestionsCobjectsDstories,D(2014，扬州)Afirstgradestudentwhosebestfriendisfightingagainstcancerthoughtthathoursofplayingandtellingjokeswasnotenoughhewantedtoshowhowheunderstoodthe_1_timehisbuddywasgoingthrough.SevenyearoldVincentButterfield_2_tocutoffhishairinsupportofhisbestfriendZacwholosthishairthroughchemotherapy(化疗)Zacisreceivingtreatmentbut_3_goestoUnionCentralElementarySchoolinMissourieveryday,_4_thatswherehegetstoplayontheswingwithVincent.VincentfoundoutthatZacmight_5_hishairbecauseofthechemotherapytreatment.Sooneday,heshowedupinthefirstgradeclasswearinga_6_.HesaidtohisteacherMrs.Koester,“IhaveasurpriseforZac.“Andhepulledoffhiscapandother_7_sawthathealreadyhadallhishair_8_off.“IdiditjusttomakeZacfeelhesnottheonlyonewithoutany_9_.“saidVincent.Vincenthasalsobeenraisingmoneyforhisbestfriendafterlearninghow_10_hischemotherapytreatmentsare.Heaskedhismothertomake_11_than20scarvesandgloves.Heandhismother_12_thematthepriceof10dollarseach,raisingover$200forZac.TheencouragementfromVincentseemstobeworking.ThoughZacisreceivingtreatments,hehas_13_missedanydaysofschool.HeknowsthatVincentisoutontheplayground,waitingforhimatbreak.Whenasked_14_friendshipwas,VincentlookedathisfriendZac,thoughtfora(an)_15_andreplied,“Itsabeautifulthing.”Clearly,wisdomdoesntalwayscomewithage.,1A.hardBExcitingCunpleasantDpleasant2A.decidedBrefusedCagreedDdisliked3A.everBNeverCJustDstill4A.thoughBbutCbecauseDso5A.raiseBaddCloseDfall6A.maskBscarfCgloveDcap7A.teachersBkidsCparentsDpatients8A.pulledBsentCcutDput9A.friendsBmoneyCclothesDhair10A.expensiveBSuccessfulCimportantDmeaningful11A.fewerBmoreCworseDbetter12A.madeBdonatedCsoldDcollected13A.alreadyBalwaysCnearlyDhardly14A.howBwhatCwhereDwhich15A.momentBhourCmorningDday,二、说明篇A(2014，南昌)Youfeeltiredandyouhavenoenergy.Youcantbreatheoutofyournoseandyourthroathurts.Dontbeafraid，youhaveprobablyjustgota_1_Everyyear,manykidsexperiencethissickfeeling.Somekidshaveuptoeightcoldseveryyear.So,what_2_isacold?Well,acoldisaninfection(传染)Itaffects(影响)yournose,earsandthroatandmakesyoufeelsickandweak.Itsvery_3_tocatchacold.Whensomeonesneezesorcoughsnearyou,bacteria(细菌)travelthroughtheairand_4_yourbodyandthenmakeyousick.Also,ifyoutouchyournoseoreyesaftertouchingsomethingthathasbacteriaonit,_5_adoororyourdeskatschool,youcangetsick.Someofthesymptoms(症状)ofacold_6_afever,asorethroatandacough.Ifyousneeze,orifyournoseisrunnyandyour_7_arewatery,youveprobablygotacold.Mostpeoplewhohavegotacoldfeelverytiredanddonthavemuchenergytodoanything.Acoldisnotapleasantthingto_8_However,therearesomethingsyoucandotofeelbetter.Youshouldhavehotdrinks_9_youvegotasorethroatandcough.Youshouldeathealthyfoodsandgetalotofrestsoyourbodycanbestrongenoughtofightyourcold.Ifyouvegotafever,orifyouarentfeelingbetterwithinafewdays,youshouldvisityourdoctorandtakesomemedicine.Acoldcanbefrustrating,_10_justrememberthattherearemanythingsyoucandotofeelbetterandgetstronger.Takecareofyourbodyandstayhealthy.,1A.coughBheadacheCfeverDcold2A.exactlyBnearlyCclearlyDfirstly3A.difficultBnecessaryCeasyDhelpful4A.buildBenterCfeelDfind5A.likeBonCbehindDwith6A.takeBcatchCtumDinclude7A.legsBarmsCeyesDears8A.doBmakeCpassDexperience9A.untilBsoCifDunless10A.thenBbutCandDor,B(2013，绥化)TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebrated_1_thefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthby_2_zongziandholdingdragonboatraces.ThefestivalbeganduringtheperiodofWarringStates(战国时期)，andhasahistoryofmorethan2，000years.Thedateofthefestival_3_tobethedate_4_QuYuandied.Hewasawiseandupright(正直的)man，andwasloved_5_people.HewantedtheemperorofChu_6_againsttheStateofQinwiththecooperation(联合)withthestateofQi，_7_wasrefusedandsenttotheborderarea.Duringhisstayinotherstates，hewrote_8_poemsexpressinghisstrong_9_forChu.OnthedaywhenChuwasdefeatedbyQin，QuYuan_10_intoMiluoRivertoexpresshisstrongloveforhisnativelandbytakinghisownlife.Afterthe_11_ofQuYuan，peopleofChuwenttoMiluoRivertomourn(哀悼)overthegreat_12_theylovedsomuch.Somethreweggsandricewrappedinleavesintotherivertofeedthefish_13_keepthemawayfromQuYuan.Somedoctorspouredrealgarwine_14_therivertokillsnakesandotheranimalsthatmighttrytoeatQuYuan.NowtheDragonBoatFestivalhasbecomea_15_festivalfortheChinesepeople.,1A.atBonCin2A.eatingBtoeatCate3A.saidBissaidCsays4A.whenBwhereCwhy5A.inBwithCby6A.tofightBfightingCfight7A.orBbutCso8A.muchBalotCmany9A.feelingBfeelingsCfelt10A.jumpedBlookedCturned11A.dieBdeathCdead12A.poetBdoctorCteacher13A.inorderthatBsothatCinorderto14A.intoBfromCoutof15A.modernBtraditionalCinternational,C(2014，安徽)InChina,veryfewchildrenmakepocketmoney._1_，inwesterncountries,mostkidsmakepocketmoneybythemselves.Theymakemoneyinmanydifferent_2_Whenkidsareveryyoung,theirparentshelpthemsellthefruitsoftheirowntreestoneighbours.Kidsmayalsohelp_3_dohouseworktomakemoneyathome.Whenthey_4_sixteen,theycanmakemoneybysendingnewspapersorbyworkinginfastfoodrestaurants，_5_duringthesummerholidays.Therearemany_6_ofmakingpocketmoneybykidsthemselves.Firstofall,theylearnthe_7_ofmoneybyworkinghardsothattheywillnotwasteany.Secondly,theylearnto_8_moneytobuythingstheyneedorwant,suchasbooks,pencils,movies,andevenclothestheylike.Thirdly,theylearnto_9_thedailylifeproblemsbyhelpingtheirparentsorothers.Makingpocketmoneyis_10_forchildrenwhentheygrowup.Thatiswhyparentsencouragetheirkidstomakepocketmoney.,1A.AlsoBAnywayCHoweverDBesides2A.waysBlevelsChomesDcountries3A.teachersBfriendsCparentsDneighbours4A.getBhaveCcatchDreach5A.reallyBhardlyCproperlyDespecially6A.choicesBadvantagesCproblemsDlessons7A.funBvalueCmessageDpurpose8A.countBwasteCmanageDchange9A.giveupBlookupCdealwithDmeetwith10A.helpfulBcarefulCbeautifulDsuccessful,三、议论篇A(2014，南京)NaturalresourcesarethingsthatweusethatcomefromEarth.Ournaturalresourcesarelimited.Thismeansthattheywillnot_1_forever.Somearerenewable,likewhenyouplantanewtreewhenyou_2_onedown.Othersarenotrenewable,likewhenyoudigcoal(煤)outofthe_3_Onceitisused,itisgone.Peoplerealizethe_4_thatEarthsnaturalresourcesarelimited,andcandothingstohelpconserve(节约)thoseresources._5_youtrytoconserveanaturalresource,youtrytouselessofit,soitdoesnotgetusedupso_6_Onewaythatpeopleconservefuel,likegasoline,isbyridingabicycleorwalkingwhenthe_7_isshortinsteadofdrivingeverywhere.Waterisaveryimportantnaturalresourcebecauseweallneedittostay_8_Wecanconservewater_9_makingsurethatourpipesandtapsdonotleak(漏)Wecanalsomake_10_choicestoconservewater,likeonlyusingthedishwasherorwashingmachinewhentheyarefull.Everyonecanmakecontributionstoprotectingnaturalresources.,1A.lastBspreadCburnDchange2A.turnBcutCputDmove3A.stationBbuildingCgroundDbrick4A.newsBplanCdecisionDfact5A.WhenBAlthoughCWhateverDWhether6A.slowlyBhardCregularlyDfast7A.moneyBspaceCplaceDdistance8A.aliveBaloneCasleepDawake9A.aboutBforCbyDwith10A.generousBfunnyCwiseDsurprising,B(2014，重庆)“Whowouldyouliketochangeyourlifewithifpossible？”Lastweek,weaskedmanymiddleschoolstudentsthisquestion.Thefollowingaresomeoftheir_1_ZhangYike,12Iwanttochangemylifewithmyfriend，WangXiaohui.SheisstudyinginEnglandnow.Shehas_2_tomanycountries,suchastheUSandFrance.TheyaretheplacesIwishtovisit.Whatsmore,she_3_muchbetterEnglishthanme.IfIchangemylifewithher,Icanvisitmanybeautifulcountries,eatdelicious_4_andmeetdifferentkindsofpeoplethere.QiuHaoran,14IdliketochangemylifewithChineseteacherMissZhao.MissZhaoisaverykindlady.She_5_alot,soshealwayshassomany_6_storiestotellus.Wealllikeherclasses.Ialsowanttobesuchanexcellentteacherandbe_7_withmystudents.TanBo,13Iwillchangemylifewithmyelderbrother.Mybrotherisacollegestudentnow.Hedoesnthavetogotoclassallthetime.Hecanstudy_8_heisinterestedin.Andheevenhasaparttimejobtomakemoney.To_9_，allofthesesoundveryinteresting.Ireallywantalife_10_that.,1A.answersBproblemsCquestionsDchanges2A.goneBcomeCbeenDmoved3A.saysBspeaksCtalksDtells4A.drinkBairCfoodDwater5A.teachesBknowsCthinksDasks6A.longBshortCterribleDinteresting7A.busyBangryCpopularDserious8A.thatBwhichCwhoDwhat9A.meBhimCyouDthem10A.atBonCforDlike,C(2014，广东)Mikewasreadinginthegardenwhenhismothercame.ShepointedtosomethingandaskedMikewhatitwas.Mikefeltquite_1_，buthetoldheritwasasparrow(庥雀)andgotbackintoreading.Severalminuteslater,hismotherpointedtothesamesparrowandaskedthesamequestionagain.Mikegotalittleangrybut_2_answeredherquestion.Afteralittlewhile,hismotherdidthesamethingoncemore.ThistimeMikecouldnot_3_hisanger.Heshoutedatherfor_4_himagainandagain.Theoldladysilently_5_anolddiary,turnedtoapageandshowedittoMike.Thoughalittleimpatient,Mikebegantoreadit.“Today,IwaswateringtheflowersinthegardenwhenlittleMikepointedtoa_6_onthegrassandaskedmewhatitwas.I_7_athim,saiditwasasparrowandkissedhim.AfterawhileMikeaskedmeagainandIdidthesame.Pointingtothesamesparrow,littleMikeaskedmewhatitwastwentytimesandI_8_answeringhisquestionandkissinghimeverytime.“SomethinggentlytouchedMikes_9_Hisfaceturnedredwith_10_forbeingsoimpatienttohismotherandhehuggedhertight.Yourparentshavegivenyoumanythingsintheirlifetime,butyoumaynotrealizethatuntiltheyaregone.,1A.angryBlonelyCproudDsurprised2A.stillBalwaysCalreadyDseldom3A.showBleaveCcontrolDdiscover4A.refusingBsupportingCencouragingDdisturbing5A.setoutBtookoutCputoutDlookedout6A.foxBfrogCbirdDrabbit7A.threwBsmiledCshoutedDlaughed8A.putonBkeptonCtriedonDdependedon9A.faceBmouthCheartDshoulder10A.shameBfearChappinessDkindness,D(2014，陕西)WhenIwasaboutsixyearsold,mybrotherDavidandIvisitedouraunt,Mary.Westayedinherhouseforanight.Davidwasonly4yearsold,andwasstill_1_ofthedark,soMaryleftthehalllightonwhenweslept.However,David_2_thegreymoths(蛾)flyingaroundthehalllight.HeaskedMarytomakethemothsgoaway.Whensheasked_3_，hesimplysaid,“Becausetheyareuglyandscary,Idontlikethem.”Marylaughedandsaid,“Beinguglyoutsidedoesnt_4_notbeingbeautifulinside.Infact,mothsareoneofthemostbeautifulanimalsintheanimalworld.”“Once,theangels(天使)were_5_Theyweresadbecauseitwasrainingheavily.The_6_littlemothshatedtoseeotherssosad.Theydecidedtomakearainbowtocheeruptheangels.Theythoughtifthebutterflies_7_，theycouldmakeabeautifulrainbowtogether.“Thenoneofthemothswenttoaskthebutterfliesforhelp.Butthebutterfliesdidntwantto_8_anyoftheircolors,sothemothsdecidedtomakearainbowthemselves.Theybeattheirwingsveryhardandthecolorsonthemmadearainbow.Theykeptgivingalittlemoreandalittlemore_9_therainbowwentacrossthesky.Theyhadgivenawayalltheircolorsexceptgrey,whichdidntmatchthebeautifulrainbow.“Thentheoncecolorfulmothsbecame_10_Theanglessawtherainbowandsmiled”Mybrotherwenttosleepwiththatstoryandhasntfearedmothssincethen.,1A.afraidBsureCproudDhappy2A.likedBhatedCletDkilled3A.howBwhatCwhenDwhy4A.meanBmakeCknowDhope5A.laughingBplayingCcryingDtalking6A.kindBangryCuglyDsad7A.refusedBadvisedChelpedDleft8A.giveupBpickupCturnupDlookup9A.unlessBuntilCafterDsince10A.redByellowCgreenDgrey,E(2014，盐城)TheOtherSideoftheWallTherewasayoungwomanwhotookgreatprideinherflowergarden.Shewasraisedbyhergrandmotherwhotaughthertoloveand_1_forflowers.Soherflowergardenwasthebest.Oneday,whileshewaslookingthroughaflowerlistsheoften_2_from,apictureofaplantcaughthereyes.Shehadnever_3_blooms(花)onaflowerlikethatbefore.“Ihavetohaveit，”shesaidtoherself,andshe_4_orderedit.Whenitarrived,shealreadyhada_5_preparedtoplantit.Sheplanteditatthebackofheryard.Itgrewwell,withbeautifulgreenleavesalloverit,_6_therewerenoblooms.Dayafterdayshecontinuedtowaterit,feedit,andsheeventalkedtoittryingtomakeitbloom.However,itwas_7_.Onemorningweekslater,whenstandingbeforethevine,shefeltvery_8_thatherplanthadnotbloomed.Shewasgivingthoughtto_9_itdownandplantingsomethingelseinitsplace.Itwasatthispointthatherneighbor,whose_10_joinedhers,calledovertoher.“Thankyousomuch!YoucantimaginehowmuchIhave_11_thebloomsofthatvineyouplanted.”Theyoungwomanwalked_12_thegateintoherneighborsyard,andsureenough,shesawthatontheothersideofthewallthevinewas_13_withblooms.Therewereindeedthemostbeautifulbloomsshehad_14_seen.Thevinehadgrownthroughthecrevices(缝隙)andithadnotfloweredon_15_sideofthewall,butithadfloweredontheotherside.Sometimesonemaynotseethegoodresultofhiseffort,butthatdoesntmeanitisntsuccessful.,1A.lookBcareCsearchDpay2A.learnedBheardCorderedDborrowed3A.seenBsmeltCsoldDpicked4A.finallyBCarefullyCsuddenlyDimmediately5.A.placeBboxCcupDroom6A.andBsoCorDbut7A.endlessBuselessCsuccessfulDhopeful8A.excitedBnervousCsadDfrightened9A.puttingBcuttingCturningDtaking10A.balconyBkitchenCbedroomDyard11A.enjoyedBdreamedCexpectedDhated12A.throughBacrossCaboveDbelow13A.satisfiedBconnectedCfilledDpleased14.A.neverBeverCseldomDusually15A.itsBhisCherDtheir,
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