2018-2019高三上期英语模拟试题一含参考答案与解析.doc

2018-2019高三上期英语模拟试题（一） 组题：第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A Considering the temperate climate in England, most tourists like to visit London between April and September. Tourists also enjoy what London has to offer during Christmas. Getting around London Transportation in London is divided into zones, meaning the further you intend to go, the more expensive it will cost you. Youll find one of the best subways here, with single rides starting at about $ 2.5. You can also use taxis (keep in mind that black cabs do not accept smart cards) , boats, buses as well as commuter trains(市郊火车). To avoid any trouble, you can get yourself a smart card and perhaps load it with $ 50 dollars to cover your weekly travel budget. London Weather To enjoy warm weather in London plan your visit in July as it is the hottest month. January is the coldest month in London. What you should Know Before Visiting London Unlike most cities in Europe, life in London is a bit more expensive. Also, make sure you plan ahead so that you dont miss out on the best tickets, hotels and offers. BEST OF LONDON SEALIFE London Aquarium Enjoy a spectacular experience with underwater creatures at SEALIFE London aquarium. It is perfect for a family fun day. The Coca-Cola London Eye A major feature of Londons skyline, the The Coca - Cola London Eye boasts some of the best city views from its 32 capsules. Youll definitely enjoy the breathtaking experience. Sherlock Holmes Museum A perfect place to visit if you love books and music.21. The peak month to visit London is most likely to be _ A. January B. March C. May D. October22. What is good about a smart card? A. It can be paid for any transport means. B.It can cover any expenses. C. It is available online. D. It is convenient.23. lf your family want to see a variety of fish, you will go to _. A. SEALIFE London Aquarium B. The Coca-Cola London Eye C. Sherlock Holmes Museum D. London Canal Museum B The first thing I do in the mornings is look at my phone. Thats mainly because my phone is my alarm clock, but once my eyes are open and that screen is lit up in my hands, its an awfully short trip to check emails and pursue headlines. Theres no reason for me to be doing this. My emails that early in the morning are mainly junk, and the headlines wont change much before I ve brushed my teeth and poured a cup of coffee, right? My wife says Im addicted to my phone, I disagree, but I can definitely stand to spend less time looking at it. Im not terribly active on social media, but I do enjoy me some idle scrolling. And,wow, do these tech companies know how to keep those thumbs constantly swiping up? Weve got a daughter. and while I think were pretty good about limiting her screen time, it would seem that technology has fascinated me from the start. So, I decided to try loosening my phones grasp on my attention by switching the screen to black and white. Changing the display to black and white is very easy. In your iPhones settings(设置) , choose General(通用功能) , then Accessibility(辅助功能). Next choose Display Accommodations(显示调节) , then Color Filters(滤镜). Tap the toggle(切换器) on and a list of filters appears. Choose Grayscale and youre all set.24. What is the actual reason for the authors looking at his phone in the mornings? A. He turns off his alarm clock. B, He cant help doing so. C. He has to check emails before they change. D. He can have a short trip while scrolling it.25. What does the authors wife think of the time he spends using his phone? A. Modest use, B. Over use. C. Under use. D, Adequate use.26. How does the author decrease to use his phone? A. By changing the screen Lo black and white. B. By limiting his screen time. C. By ignoring the tech companies. D. By looking after his daughter.27. Whats the final step to set the phone to black and white? A. Choose General. B. Choose Accessibility. C. Choose Grayscale. D. Choose Color Filterst . C Less than 5 percent of elephants die from cancer, and researchers may have finally figured out why. According to a study from The University of Chicago, elephants produce zombie genes (僵尸基因)that can help protect the animal from cancer. Heres how it works: Humans and other animals carry one copy of a master tumor suppressorGene(主肿瘤抑制基因). Elephants have 20 copies. Scientists found that gene can cause azombie gene to come back to life with a new purpose: killing cells in damaged DNA. This is beneficial. because it acts in response to genetic mistakes, errors made when the DNA is being repaired, said Vincent Lynch, an assistant professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago and the studys lead author, in a statement. Getting rid of chat cell can prevent a subsequent cancer. Scientists say the gene also helps elephants enjoy long lives. They likely emerged roughly 25 to 30 million years ago, when small - sized ancestors of modern elephants grew bigger, Lynch said. Researchers want to conduct more studies to find out exactly how the genes in elephants kill off cells in damaged DNA. That could help humans: Studying how animals bodies fight off cancer could lead to strategies to treat people. An estimated 17% of people worldwide die of cancer, according to the study published in the journal Cell Reports. If we can understand how these genomic changes (基因组变化 ) are contributing to cancer resistance, then well be able lo start chinking about how we translate these to our patients. Joshua Schiffman professor of pediatrics at University of Utah and an investigator at Huntsman Cancer Institute, said in an interview with CNN. 28. Why do elephants have a lower risk of dying from cancer than humans? A. They have less zombie genes. B. They eat less meat and more grass. C, They are huge enough to kill cells in damaged DNA. D, They have more copies of a master tumor suppressor gene. 29. The master tumor suppressor gene brings the following benefits except that . A. it can prolong elephants lives B. it can be transplanted into humans C. it can kill cells, in damaged DNA D. it can bring zombie genes back to life30. What does the underlined word these in the last paragraph refer to? A. genomic changes B. cancer resistance C. animals bodies D. cells in damaged DNA31, What is still a puzzle for researchers? A. How many people die of cancer. B. What kind of gene can kill the caneer C. Why we adopt the strategies to treat people. D. How the genes defeat the cells in damaged DNA.D Cigarette ends are everywhere - littering our streets and beaches - and for decades theyve been thought of asunrecyclable. But a New Jersey based company，called TerraCycle，has taken on the challenge，and has come up with a way to recycle millions of cigarette ends and turn them into industrial plastic products. Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider impossible to reuse. Obviously it would be even better for the environment if everyone just stopped smoking，but the statistics show that although there has been an increase in anti-smoking ads and messaging，between 2000 and 2014，global sales of cigarettes increased by 8 percent，and a whole lot of those cigarette ends are ending up as trash. Since most of our litter eventually ends up in waterways，cigarette ends can surely pollute the surrounding environment. It only takes a single cigarette end to pollute a liter of water, TerraCycle founder，Tom Szaky，said. Animals can also mistake littered cigarette ends for food. So how do you go about turning all those poisonous ends into something useful？TerraCycle does this by first breaking them down into separate parts. They mix the remaining materials，such as the tobacco and the paper，with other kinds of rubbish，and use it on non-agricultural land，such as golf courses. The filters(过滤嘴) are a little harder. To recycle these，TerraCycle first makes them clean and cuts them into small pieces，and then combines them with other recycled materials，making them into liquid for industrial plastic products. Theyre now also expanding their recycling offerings to the rest of the 80 percent of household waste that currently cant be recycled，such as chocolate packaging，pens，and mobile phones. The goal is to use the latest research to find a way to stop so much waste ending up in landfill(垃圾填埋)，and then get companies to provide money for the process. And so far，its working. We havent found anything that we cant recycle，communications director of TerraCycle，Albe Zakes，said. But with the amount and variety of packaging and litter in the world，we are always looking for new waste streams to address. 32. What does TerraCycle intend to do？ _ A. Search for recyclable materials for use. B. Deal with as many cigarette ends as possible. C. Produce new kinds of industrial plastic products. D. Recycle what used to be considered unrecyclable. 33. The underlined wordtrashin Paragraph 2 probably means _ . A. rubbish B. poison C. disaster D. ruin34. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？ _ A. The effective use of cigarette ends. B. The process of recycling cigarette ends. C. The difficulty in recycling cigarette ends. D. The reason for breaking down cigarette ends. 35. What Albe said in the last paragraph implies that _ . A. there is more and more waste to be recycledB. it is difficult for TerraCycle to recycle everythingC. TerraCycle is trying to meet the challenge of new wasteD. TerraCycle has successfully recycled a large amount of waste. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Of course you love your parents - thats a given. But at times, maintaining the bond betweenparent and adult can be as challenging as that between parent and teenager. Here are some ways tostrengthen an adult relationship with your parents. Talk to your parents as friends.“ 36 it may feel funny to give up your role as the child.A good start is to model your conversations with Mom and Dad on those you have with friends, says Dr, Tessina. Dont limit your conversations strictly to family memories, or gossip about family members, or your personal life, she advises.“ 37 - why not explore it with Mom and Dad as you would with a friend? Current events, sports, work. local neighborhood issues, or national politics are all fair game.” 38 When youre dealing with your parents, laughter can be a lifesaver - both to help you handle the stress of dealing; with sometimes had-tempered individuals and to help you bond together.Tell a few jokes you know theyll enjoy, share some comics from the paper or e-mail with them, watch the Letterman show together. 39 Tell your parents what bothers you. If you love your mom and dad but they drive you crazy,your resentment（不满）can eat away at your relationship. So dont seethe（生闷气）silently. 40 For instance, if your morn keeps calling you at work, tell her that your boss is starting to notice and. while you love talking to her during the day. its beginning to affect your job performance. Arrange a call you can both count on at a mutually convenient time. AAs a friend, B. Forgiveness is the key. C. Keep your sense of humor. D. Theres a whole wide world out there. E. Communicate, with gentleness and respect. F. If you can laugh together, youre doing okay.G. If your parents still treat you like youre第二部分： 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）People from every corner flooded into the streets that Christmas Eve. Frosty the Snowman, and Jingle Bells 41 in stores; on the pavements, the street singers performed happily. Everyone was 42 by someone else, delighted and cheerful. I was alone.As one of 8 kids of a Brazilian family, brought up in Americas crowded apartment, Id spent several years searching for aloneness. Now,43 , at 27, a college student after the 44 with my girlfriend , every cell inside me wanted to be alone, 45 not at Christmas. My family had 46 to Brazil and my friends were 47 with their own lives. Dusk was approaching, and the fact that I had to return to my 48 home made me sad. Lights from windows blinked, and I hoped someone would 49 from one of those homes to invite me inside with a Christmas tree decorated with shiny fake snow and 50 presents.At a market, I felt more 51 when people were buying lots of goods, which 52 the gifts we received as children in my mind. I missed my family and wanted to cry for wanting to be alone and for having achieved it.Outside the church , a manger (小耶稣) had been set 53 . I stood with others watching the scene, some of them 54 themselves, praying. As I walked home, I realized that leaving Brazil was still a 55 experience as I struggled with whatI had become in 15 years in America. Id mourned the 56 , but for the first time, I recognized what Id gained. I was independent, 57 and healthy. My life was still ahead, full of58 .Sometimes the best gift is the one that you give yourself. That Christmas, I gave myself 59 for what Id obtained up to now and promise to go forward. It is the best gift Ive ever got, the one that I most 60 .21. A. shared B. played C. servedD. held22. A. accompaniedB. employedC. attendedD. supported23. A. usuallyB. extremelyC. reallyD. eventually24. A. breakupB. dateC. sympathyD. concern25. A. soB. butC. andD. or26. A. movedB. slippedC. cameD. returned27. A. pleasedB. satisfiedC. occupiedD. bored28. A. shabby29. A. turn up30. A. dealt 31. A. tired32. A. called up33. A. down B. empty B. hang out B. discountedB. nervousB. called forB. up C. warmC. go awayC. wrappedC. excitedC. called on C. asideD. cozyD. break inD. donatedD. upsetD. called inD. about34. A. hugging35. A. great36. A. cases37. A. lonely38. A. possibility 39. A. surprise40. A. selectB. bowingB. joyfulB. limitsB. educated B. sightB. defeatB. valueC. crossingC. painfulC. lossesC. shyC. sadnessC. prizeC. saveD. bendingD. potentialD. worriesD. wealthyD. hardshipD. creditD. admit第 15 页 共 15 页第二节 语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese-American community groups are preparing to hold their second annual InternationalConfucius Cultural Festival（孔子文化节）on Sept, 28 in Flushing Queens, New York Citys easternmost borough(行政区). The event serves not only 61 a spectacular ceremony to memorize the world-famous Chinese philosopher, but a chance 62 (celebrate) Chinese culture together with other local communities, said Wang Lizhi, president of America East Shandong Association( AESA). Co-sponsored by AESA, America East Shandong Chamber of Commerce and ConfuciusEducation Foundation Inc, the festival 63 (feature) recitation of the“Di Zi Gui，”literally translated as Standards for being a Good Pupil and Child, a book 64 (write) based on Confucius teachings that emphasize the 65 (base) necessities for being a good person and guidelines for _66 (live)in harmony with others, as well as Chinese traditional dances, Shan-dong folk music and photo exhibitions. The groups hosted the_67 (one) International Confucius Cultural Festival in flushing on Sept. 28 Last year to celebrate the 2,568th anniversary of the birth of Confucius (551 BC -479BC). Confucius was 68 extraordinary educator and philosopher, and founded Confucianism. It was he 69 first set up private schools and received students from every walk of life without 70 (consider) of their social status.第三部分： 写作（共两节满分35）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Dear Mr. Wang,Hearing that our library is plan to buy some books, Id like to offer my advices.Our library lacks popular science books. Because we are living in an age that science and technology is developing rapidly, so it is vital for us students to learn about as much science as possible. Additional, our library should buy a variety of literary books satisfied different students tastes. You not only offer us fun and entertainment but also broadened our horizons. Meanwhile, under the help of literary books well find it easier to live rich and colorful school life.I do hope my suggestions will meet with your approval. Yours sincerely, Li Yue第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 假定你是李华，最近与你校联谊的国际交流学校的交流生将来你校参加为期一周的学习中国的古筝、书法(calligraphy)、剪纸等特色文化课程，请你代表学校写一篇欢迎词。内容要点如下： 1，表示欢迎： 2课程安排； 3其他注意事项。注意：l.词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3开头语和结尾已为你写好。Dear guests， 2018-2019高三上期英语模拟试题（一）参考答案与解析A篇应用文【解题导语】 本文介绍了London的交通、天气、名胜古迹等信息。21. C 考查细节理解 根据第一段第一句Considering the temperate climate in England, most tourists like to visit London between April and September. 可知选C。22. D 考查细节理解 根据第二段最后一句 To avoid any trouble, you can get yourself a smart card and perhaps load it with $50 dollars to cover your weekly travel budget.可知选D。23. A 考查细节理解 根据第五段SEALIFE London AquariumEnjoy a spectacular experience with underwater creatures at SEALIFE London aquarium. It is perfect for a family fun day.可知选A。B篇记叙文【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者对手机上瘾而采取把手机屏幕设置为黑白屏从而减少使用手机。24. B 考查推理判断 根据第一段可知选B。25. B 考查推理判断 根据第二段第一句My wife says Im addicted to my phone.可知选B。26. A 考查细节理解 根据第二段最后一句So, I decided to try loosening my phones grasp on my attention by switching the screen to black and white.可知选A。27. C 考查细节理解 根据最后一段最后一句 Choose Grayscale and youre all set.可知选C。C篇说明文【解题导语】本文介绍了大象不患癌症是因为体内有“僵尸基因”，这可能是人类癌症研究新方向。 28. D 考查细节理解 根据第三段第一、二句Heres how it works: Humans and other animals carry one copy of a master tumor suppressor gene（主肿瘤抑制基因）. Elephants have 20 copies.它的工作原理是这样的：人类和其他动物携带一份“主肿瘤抑制”基因。而大象却有20份。可知选D。 29. B 考查细节理解 根据第三段第三句 Scientists found that gene can cause a zombie gene to come back to life with a new purpose: killing cells in damaged DNA.可知C、D错；根据第五段第一句Scientists say the gene also helps elephants enjoy long lives.可知A错；故选B。 30. A 考查细节理解 根据含划线词句If we can understand how these genomic changes（基因组变化）are contributing to cancer resistance, then well be able to start thinking about how do we translate these to our patients如果我们能够理解这些基因组变化是如何促成.抗癌性的，那么我们就能开始思考如何将这种变化提供给我们的患者。可知选A。31. D 考查细节理解 根据倒数第二段第一句Researchers want to conduct more studies to find out exactly how the genes in elephants kill off cells in damaged DNA.研究人员希望进行更多研究，以确切了解大象中的基因如何杀死受损DNA中的细胞。可知选D。【解析】社会现象类短文主要讲了新泽西一个公司TerraCycle回收人们认为是不可回收的东西，例如烟头，并讲述了其回收利用过程，该公司表示他们还没遇到不可回收的东西，并会继续迎接回收新垃圾的挑战32D，细节理解题，根据句子Its aim is to recycle things that people normally consider impossible to reuse可知，TerraCycle的目的就是要回收那些被人们认为不可再回收利用的东西，故答案为D33A，词义猜测题，根据句子as the tobacco and the paper，with other kinds of rubbish可以猜测出，这里提到的很多烟头都变成了