铣刀培训TDM milling training

D3-001-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsMILLINGBASIC NOMECLATURE ROTATING TOOLS.Training for Salesengineer Harald PreusserD3-002-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsShank刀柄刀柄Cuttingedges切削刃切削刃Toolmaterial刀具材料刀具材料FluteD3-003-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsRadial rake angle(positive shown)径向前角Chip faceRadialcutting edge径向(带切削刃)FluteHelix angle oraxial rake angleEnd gashEnd clearanceChamferChip faceCutting Geometries.切割几何学。D3-004-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsFeedRotationFeedD3-005-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsShell end mill外壳立铣刀外壳立铣刀Different Kind of milling cutters.不同类型的铣刀End mill立铣刀立铣刀D3-006-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools基础知识、三相交流电： 由三个频率相同、电势振幅相等、相位差互差 120 角的交流电路组成的电力系统，叫三相交流电。 、一次设备： 直接与生产电能和输配电有关的设备称为一次设备。包括各种高压断路器、隔离开关、母线、电力电缆、电压互感器、电流互感器、电抗器、避雷器、消弧线圈、并联电容器及高压熔断器等。 D3-007-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools基础知识、二次设备： 对一次设备进行监视、测量、操纵控制和保护作用的辅助设备。如各种继电器、信号装置、测量仪表、录波记录装置以及遥测、遥信装置和各种控制电缆、小母线等。 4、负荷开关： 负荷开关的构造与隔离开关相似，只是加装了简单的灭弧装置。它也是有一个明显的断开点，有一定的断流能力，可以带负荷操作，但不能直接断开短路电流，如果需要，要依靠与它串接的高压熔断器来实现。 D3-008-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsT-Slot CuttersDIN 851T型槽刀具型槽刀具Woodruff Keyseat CuttersDIN 850铣键槽刀铣键槽刀Dovetail CuttersDIN 1833燕尾槽刀具燕尾槽刀具CornerRounding CuttersTP-Norm倒角倒圆刀具倒角倒圆刀具TP型标准型标准Form cutters.成形铣刀D3-009-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDIN 1835 Form（形状） ADIN 6535 HADIN 1835 Form BDIN 1835 Form B + DDIN 6535 HBDIN 228 Form APlain cylindrical简单的圆柱形手柄简单的圆柱形手柄Standard shank标准手柄标准手柄Morse taper莫氏圆锥度手柄、莫氏圆锥度手柄、Different shanks.不同的柄部D3-0010-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDifferent flute geometries.不同螺旋槽角度的铣刀D3-0011-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDifferent number of flutes.不同数量的螺旋槽铣刀D3-0012-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools2 -Flute 30 HelixAxial length of cut: 17 mm (.66“)at 1 x dia. radial3-Flute 30 HelixAxial length of cut : 25 mm (1“)at 1 x dia. radial4-Flute 30 HelixAxial length of cut : 30 mm (1.18“)at 1 x dia. radial6-Flute 60 HelixAxial length of cut : 47 mm (1.85“)at 1 x dia. radial 10 mm0,25 0,5 ae x D 1,0ap 1.5 x DOverlapping of radial cutting edges.重叠的径向切削刃D3-0013-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools2-Flute优点优点+ longer chip space 更长的切削距离缺点缺点low rigidity 硬度低应用应用for soft materials 适合软质材料4-Flute缺点缺点 small chip space 小切削距离优点优点+very good rigidity 非常好的硬度应用应用Finishing cuts, lowmetal removal rates 完成低硬度，速度低的切削应用应用High-performance finishing cuts with Solid Carbide Endmills高效的硬质合金铣刀完成切削3-Flute优点优点+ large chip space 大切削距离优点优点+good rigidity 硬度好for higher metal removal rates,general purpose 适合高硬度的材料，但是降低速率，但是他适应各种应用方面M1-008-0008-E-pNumber of flutes.螺旋槽数目D3-0014-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsThe number of cutting edges (teeth) consequently results from the following parameters: material to be machined dimension of workpiece cutting conditionsIn general milling cutters for roughing operations are designed with large chip spaces, which means with a smaller number of teeth. Finishing operations require a larger number of teeth in order to limit the chip load per tooth.z = 2z = 3z = 4z = 6z = 4Number of teeth (z).牙齿数量这个数目的切削刃这个数目的切削刃(牙牙)因此源因此源于下列参数。于下列参数。材料加工材料加工 工件尺寸工件尺寸切削条件切削条件在一般的铣刀粗加工时，设在一般的铣刀粗加工时，设计时要切削距离大计时要切削距离大,也就是说也就是说,用少量的切削刃，完成加工用少量的切削刃，完成加工所需要的大量的切削刃，为所需要的大量的切削刃，为了限制每个齿切削负荷了限制每个齿切削负荷D3-0015-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDrilling钻孔钻孔NotDrilling不钻孔不钻孔D3-0016-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsThere are centre-cutting endmills / slot drills which are suitable for plunging as well as endmills with female center at front which are non-centre cutting. The latter are easier to resharpen. Centre cutting endmills / slot drills can be used for all types of milling operations.有中心切削刃的铣刀Non centre cutting (with female centre)Different types of centre-cut不同类型的中心切削刃不同类型的中心切削刃Face cutting.端齿切削D3-0017-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsRoughing粗加工粗加工Finishing精加工精加工 D3-0018-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDia. 10 mm (3/8“)Solid Carbide Drill硬质合金微型钻头硬质合金微型钻头Solid Carbide End Mill(2-flute)整体硬质合金立铣刀整体硬质合金立铣刀2个螺旋槽个螺旋槽vf 900 mm/min (35.4 IPM)vf 77 mm/min (3.03 IPM)Penetration (Feed)-Rate.钻削速度D3-0019-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsDepth of cutaxial ap 轴向切削深度轴向切削深度Depth of cutradial ae颈向切削深度颈向切削深度Terminology.术语D3-0020-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools or machines without back.lash free table feed for workpieces with a hard skin for small depth of cut less forces - less power needed less flank wear, specially for work- hardening materials pushes the workpiece down to the tableDisadvantages higher flank wear due to rubbing tends to lift the workpiece up from the tableDisadvantages Back-lash free table feed is a necessityUp milling逆铣逆铣Down Milling逆铣逆铣Milling directions.铣削的方向。D3-0021-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsFFhFvFFhFvUp milling顺铣顺铣Down milling逆铣逆铣Cutting forces.切削力。D3-0022-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsabFszFsz max30 60aUp millingbDown millingDevelopment of the cutting force on one tooth FszCutting forces.切削力。D3-0023-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsEdgeMilling立铣刀立铣刀FaceMilling面铣刀面铣刀Side- andface milling面铣刀和立铣面铣刀和立铣刀刀Milling operations.D3-0024-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsModes of milling.铣削方式D3-0025-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolswith slot drilltype BN(2-flute)钻槽钻槽BN型型with Al-cuttertype W(2-flute)Special caseSlot millingwith type N特殊情况特殊情况铣槽铣槽与输入与输入NSlot milling.槽加工D3-0026-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsA: axial feedB: radial feedABEnd mills used for plunging.D3-0027-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolsvibrations bad surface finish frittering振动,坏的表面光洁度切削smoother cutting good surface finish longer tool life光滑的切割良好的表面光洁度使用寿命长only one tooth cutting一个齿切削一个齿切削several teeth cutting多个齿切削多个齿切削less favourable劣质的劣质的Favourable有利的有利的M1-024-0008-E-pCutting conditions when side- and face-milling.D3-0028-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Toolscutting forcesarc of cut切削力弧形的削减Advantages: longer arc of cut (engagement) =longer tool lifeless vibration优点优点:长弧切长弧切(衔接衔接)=使用寿命长使用寿命长小振动小振动Off-centre Advantages in Face Milling.面铣偏离中心时候D3-0029-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting ToolsChipCutting edgeFeFeCCoON1Abrasion wear磨损穿磨损穿2Diffusion wear扩散磨损扩散磨损3Oxidation wear三氧化磨损三氧化磨损4Fatigue wear疲劳磨损疲劳磨损(静态静态或动态或动态)。(static or dynamic)5Adhesion wear粘结磨损粘结磨损Basic Wear Mechanisms in Metal Cutting.金属切削加工过程中基本的磨损机理。D3-0030-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools1. Flank wear侧面磨损侧面磨损2. Crater wear月牙洼磨损月牙洼磨损3. Plastic deformation塑性变形塑性变形,4. Notch wear槽磨损槽磨损5. Thermal cracking热裂解热裂解Classification of Wear Patterns on Cutting Tools.磨损形式的不同类型刀具D3-0031-0008-E-pPrecision Cutting Tools6. Mechanical fatigue cracking机械机械疲劳开裂疲劳开裂7. Chipping碎屑碎屑8. Fracture断裂断裂9. BUE (Built Up Edge)切屑瘤切屑瘤Classification of Wear Patterns on Cutting Tools.