第十五篇 医学心理学（Fifteenth medical psychology）

第十五篇 医学心理学（Fifteenth medical psychology）Fifteenth medical psychologyThe first chapter is introductionsyllabus requirements1. the concept and status of medical psychology: (1) the concept and nature of medical psychology; and the position of medical psychology in modern medicine.The object of study, 2. medical psychology, tasks and methods: the research object of branch of medical psychology; the research task of medical psychology; the research branch of medical psychology; the medical psychology research methods.3. the theoretical viewpoints of the main school of medical psychology: (1) the basic theory of psychoanalysis; the theory of psychological physiology; behaviorism theory; humanism theory; cognitive school theory.survey of test sites1. medical psychology plays an important role in modern medicine. It promotes the transformation of medical model and prevents the change of disease strategy. It conforms to the needs of clinical medical work and helps to improve the relationship between doctors and patients.2. the research methods of medical psychology include clinical observation method, laboratory method, case investigation method, psychological test method and rating scale method.3. the main viewpoints of the main school of medical psychology: first, the basic theory of psychoanalysis: three levels of consciousness, pre consciousness and subconscious; the psychological conflict of childhood depression in the subconscious is the root of psychological barriers. The theory of psychological physiology: the mind and body are unified; the nervous system, the internal system and the immune system are the three major physiological intermediaries. Behaviorism theory: all human behaviors, habits and ways of life are obtained through study. Classical conditioning, conditioned reflex, social observation learning.Humanistic theory: human nature is good, upward and self fulfilling. A variety of psychological disorders are self fulfilling, hindered, and cannot be realized. Cognitive school theory: human behavior is the result of individual rational cognition and evaluation. Only correct misconceptions can relieve mental disorders.annual examination questions(13 questions sharing alternative answers)A. abnormal psychologyB. health psychologyC. NeuropsychologyD. clinical psychologyE. physiological psychology1. 、 the study of psychological counseling and psychological diagnosisAnswer: D2. study the relationship between the brain and behaviorAnswer: C3. research to promote the rehabilitation and prevention of psychosomatic diseasesAnswer: B4. in the humanistic treatment, the most important thing is that.A. expressionB. analysisC. guidanceD. listenE. sympathyAnswer: D5., the experimental research methods of medical psychology are mainly characterized byA. was completed only in the laboratoryB. only for human subjectsC. recorded only biological markersThe D. is only carried out under certain controlled conditionsE. uses only modern instruments and equipmentAnswer: D6. the object of medical psychology isA. the discipline of mental activityB. scientific development of human behaviorThe occurrence and development of C. diseaseD. mental health problems and behaviors that affect healthPrinciples of prevention and treatment of E. diseaseAnswer: DThe second chapter is the basis of medical psychologysyllabus requirements1. psychological activities: the concept of psychology; definition and classification of psychological activities.2., the psychological essence: the development of animal psychology;Content of mental essence.3., cognitive process: the concept and characteristics of sensation and perception; the concept and rule of learning and memory; the concept and characteristics of thinking; the concept of imagination and creativity.4. emotional process: the concept of emotion and emotion; the difference between emotion and emotion; the theory of emotion; the role of emotion.5. process of will: the concept of will; the characteristics of will; the quality of bad will.6., needs, motives and setbacks: definition and classification; hierarchy of needs; definition and classification of motives; types of conflicts; setbacks.7. personality: definition and classification of the concept of personality; ability; concept, physiological basis, classification and significance of temperament; the character of the concept, characteristics and classification; the personality theory; the symbol of personality formation.8.: the definition of the behavior of behavior; the instinctive behavior and social behavior; the type A behavior and cardiovascular disease; type C behavior and the occurrence of cancer.survey of test sites1. classification of psychological activities.2. perception is the reflection of the human brain on the overall attributes of the guest object directly acting on the receptor. Perceptual characteristics: selectivity, wholeness, understanding, constancy.3., strengthen learning, memory, memory drops, law: memorizing, keeping, recognition and recall, forgotten. Synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) is the electrophysiological basis of memory.4., the concept of emotion and emotion, and the difference between them. The doctrine of good emotion Shah three factors. Arnolds theory of emotional cognitive evaluation. The influence of emotion and emotion: the influence on health, and the influence on work efficiency;Third, the influence to the interpersonal communication.5. the will of a will, its characteristics, and the quality of bad will.6., Maslows need level has 5 levels of needs: physiological needs, security needs, love needs, respect needs, self actualization needs.7. definition and classification of motivation.8. types of conflict: the double conflict; the double avoid conflict; the avoidance of conflict.9. temperament and its physiological basis. Classification: (1) more blood, which is equivalent to lively; the mucus quality is equivalent to the quiet type; the third is the bile substance, which is equivalent to the excitatory type; the depressed substance is equivalent to the inhibitory type.10. theory of personality:(1) the personality structure of psychoanalysis includes Id, ego and superego, and the balance between the three is conducive to the normal development of personality.(2) personality trait theory: firstly, cartel thinks that trait is the brick of personality, and the 16 source trait. Eysenck believes that personality traits include emotion (stability or instability), introversion extroversion and spiritual 3 dimensions. Social learning theory: Wahson and Skinner believe that the formation of personality is mainly the result of learning and adapting to social environment. Human personality theory of self: Rodgers believes that self realization is the driving force of personality formation.11., the sign of personality formation: the establishment and socialization of self consciousness.The characteristics of 12.A type behavior: time urgency; the bad temper; the feisty; hostile to people. Type A behavior is prone to coronary heart disease and hypertension. Type C behavior is prone to malignancy.annual examination questions1. perception is the objective of the human mindA.Reflection of individual attributesB. reflection of overall attributesThe reflection of essential attributes of C.D. reflection of special attributesE. reflects the development of attributesAnswer: B2. long heard but not the room full of fragrant orchids, fragrance that isA. is allergicB. sensory adaptationC. sensory interactionD. decreased sensationE. sensitivity compensationAnswer: B3., both want to participate in the exercise of their own, but also afraid of poor performance, was ridiculed, at this time the motive conflict isA. dual conflictB. double avoidance conflictThe C. approach avoidance conflictD. double approach avoidance conflictE. double avoidance conflictAnswer: C4., the correct and comprehensive understanding of the mental essence isA. is the subjective reaction of the human brain to the objective realityB. psychology is the reflection of objective realityC. psychology is the reflection of subjective imaginationD. psychology is the subjective reflection of objective realityE. psychology is what you want to reflectAnswer: A5. emotion has the trait of being emotionalA. is strong and impulsiveB. is accompanied by marked change in behaviorC. is accompanied by marked physiological changesD. is steady and profoundE. has obvious situational featuresAnswer: D6. the contents of the fastest memory forgetting occurs in memory afterA. first daysB. second daysC. third daysD. fourth daysE. fifth daysAnswer: A7., the main contradiction in adolescent self-awareness does not includeA. ideal and realityB. learning and loveC. original self and superegoD. independence and dependenceE. communication and closureAnswer: B8., the definition of learning concept isA. the process of increasing their theories, knowledge, skills through school educationB.The process of increasing your work experience, life experience, and social experience through practiceC. the process of changing bad behavior or habits by observing other peoples words and deedsD. the process by which practice involves relatively constant change through practiceE. through reading and practice in order to increase their ability to adapt to social work, life processAnswer: D9., a patient, a strong sense of competition, always want to outdo others; always feel that time is not enough, speak fast, walk fast; irritable, easily excited, often inconsistent with the views of others. The type of behavior belongs toType A.A behaviorType B.B behaviorType C.C behaviorType D.D behaviorType E.E behaviorAnswer: A10., a middle-aged person, childhood life suffered setbacks, personality suppression, emotional depression, often anxiety, depression, and not good at catharsis, excessive caution, demanding cooperation and reconciliation. His mode of behavior is most susceptible to somatic diseasesA. coronary artery diseaseB. brain hemorrhageC. chronic colitisD. hyperthyroidismE. cancerAnswer: E11. the physical symptoms of the patients with mental disorders are caused by the fact that the mind must be produced through physiological mediationA. RodgersB. BuchananC. PavlovD. WahsonE. FreudAnswer: BThe third chapter psychological healthsyllabus requirements1. outline of mental health: mental health concept; mental health standard.2. mental health at different ages: 1. Problems and maintenance of childrens mental health; problems and maintenance of adolescent mental health; problems and maintenance of middle aged peoples mental health;Problems and maintenance of mental health in the elderly.survey of test sites1., the standard of mental health: cognition is normal; emotion is optimistic; strong will; personality is sound; behavior and lifestyle are healthy.2., the critical period of childrens psychological development: the critical period of language development is 13 years old, the critical period of personality development is 37 years old, the critical period of intellectual development is 7 years ago, the key period of self-control is 23 years old.3. maintain education of youth mental health: sexual psychology, sexual physiology, sexual morality, sexual education; the correct world outlook and values education; the correct view on friendship, love education; the self consciousness education.annual examination questions1., the critical period of intellectual development isA.3 years oldB.4 years oldC.5 years oldD.6 years oldE.7 years oldAnswer: EThe fourth chapter is psychosomatic diseaseexamination requirements1. an overview of psychosomatic diseases: definition of psychosomatic diseases; diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic diseases; psychosocial factors and psychosomatic diseases.2. psychological stress and coping: (1) the definition of psychological stress; the influence and mechanism of psychological stress on health; the mechanism of psychological defense; and the method of coping with psychological stress.3. prevention and treatment of psychosomatic diseases: principles of prevention of psychosomatic diseases; principles of treatment of psychosomatic diseases.survey of test sites1. of psychosomatic diseases and diagnostic criteria: clinical features of organic disease; psychological - social factors of incidence; the neurosis can eliminate mental illness; the only treatment has little effect on biomedical measures.TwoPsychosocial factors and the occurrence of psychosomatic diseases.3. definition of psychological stress, definition of psychological coping, and the mechanism of psychological stress affecting health.4., coping with psychological stress.5. principles of prevention and treatment of psychosomatic diseases.annual examination questions1. principles of treatment for psychosomatic diseases do not includeA. drugs relieve symptomsB. self adjustmentC. uninterrupted ventD. correcting bad habitsE. mental nursingAnswer: C2., according to psychosomatic medicine, the following diseases belong to psychosomatic diseasesA. schizophreniaB. depressionC. peptic ulcerD. lobar pneumoniaE. mental retardationAnswer: CThe fifth chapter, psychological evaluationsyllabus requirements1., the concept of psychological assessment: the concept of psychological assessment; classification of psychological tests; the commonly used methods of psychological assessment.2. the principles and conditions of psychological test: (1) the principle of psychological test; the condition of standardized psychological test.3. commonly used psychological tests and rating scales: intelligence tests; personality tests; rating scales.survey of test sites1. concepts of psychological assessment and psychometrics, psychological tests.2. classification of psychological tests. The common methods of psychological assessment are: survey method; observation method; conversation method; work analysis method; psychological test method.3. principles of psychological test: standardization principle; confidentiality principle; objectivity principle.4. standard psychological test conditions: the reliability and validity; norm; the fixed measurement conditions; the standard of instruction; the scoring method is unified; the large sample.5. ratio iq. Deviation IQ (now used).6. - Binet Simon scale (Bind-Simon plate), Wechsler Intelligence scale. In the crowd, true IQ, 90109 is normal, greater than 109 is higher than normal, less than 90 is low, dry normal.7. objective personality test: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI); cartel 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF)(3) Eysenck personality toward EPQ. Projective personality test: the Rorschach Inkblot Test; the thematic apperception test.8. rating scale: adaptive behavior scales such as adult intelligence disability rating scale; mental problems such as SCL-90 symptom checklist, SDS self rating depression scale, SAS self rating anxiety scale.annual examination questions1. the extent to which an object can be measured in a test toolA. normB. reliabilityC. validityD. sampleE. standardAnswer: B2. Rorschach test as a psychological test, the methods being used isA. projection methodB. questionnaireC. operation methodD. observationE. talksAnswer: A3. the conclusion of IQ IQ is higher than normalA.70 to 79B.80 to 89C.90 to 109D.110 to 119E.100 to 109Answer: D4. using 16 Personality Factor Scale (16PF) to test someones personality characteristics, this method is based onA. Freuds personality theoryB. cartel personality theoryC. Eysencks personality theoryD. Skinners personality theoryE. Rodgerss personality theoryAnswer: B5., a psychometric tool is calledA. psychological assessmentB. psychological identificationC. psychological testD. psychological observationE. psychological surveyAnswer: C6., the Binet Simon scale belongs to one kindA. intelligence testB. personality testC. neuropsychological testsD. rating scaleE. projective testAnswer: A7., the correctness of a test tool refers to the testA. validityB. reliabilityC. sampleD. normC. conceptAnswer: A15 (X-M)8.IQ= +100 calls itSA. ratio IQB. deviation IQC. percentile IQD. median intelligence quotientE. personality quotientAnswer: B9. the subjects respond to some unknown images and inks based on their own understanding and feelings, in order to induce the experience, emotions, or inner conflicts of the subjects, said oneA. intelligence testB. projective testC. exercise testD. perception testE. personality testAnswer: B10. psychological tests should follow the principles ofA. sincere, neutral and evasiveB. self strengthening, self-reliance and IntrospectionC. reliability, validity and normD. objective, confidentiality, standardizationE. autonomy, learning and effectivenessAnswer: DThe sixth chapter is psychotherapy and counselingsyllabus requirements1. concept of psychotherapy(1) the concept of psychotherapy.(2) the nature of psychotherapy.(3) the distinction between Ideological and political work and psychological consultation.(4) classification of psychotherapy.(5) indications of psychotherapy.2. commonly used methods of psychotherapy(1) common methods of psychoanalysis.(2) the common methods of behaviorism.(3) the characteristics of humanistic therapy.3. principles and requirements of psychotherapy(1) the concept of relationship between TCM and psychotherapy.(2) the working principle of psychotherapy.(3) the basic requirements of the psychotherapist.4. psychological counseling(1) the concept of psychological consultation.(2) the means and means of psychological consultation.survey of test sites1. the concept and nature of psychotherapy.2., the difference between psychotherapy and psychological counseling.3. classification and indications of psychotherapy.4., the common methods of psychoanalysis: (1) free association; analysis of dreams; empathy.5. the common methods of behaviorism are systematic desensitization therapy, aversion therapy, relaxation training method and biofeedback method.6. humanistic therapy: patient centered therapy.7. psychological treatment of doctor-patient relationship.8. the working principle of psychotherapy: first, the principle of sincerity; patience principle; confidentiality principle; neutral principle; avoidance principle.9., the concept and significance of psychological counseling.10., the way and means of psychological counseling.annual examination questions1. female, 19 years old, the first grade university freshmen, from the mountains to the city to go to school, can not see the readme cars on the road, when the car passed, feel the car is likely to hit their own, so very fear, to the psychological clinic, the best meth