广东省番禺县2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练（5）

广东番禺县2020高考英语（二轮）阅读理解精练（5）2020高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。In US, the potato is one of the most widely consumed cropsFrench fries are commonly found in typical American fast-food burger joints and cafeteriasFrench fries were introduced to the US when Thomas Jefferson served them in the White House during his presidency from 1801 t0 1809Potato chips are popular with consumers as wellThe humble potato is more than just a kind of foodIn many ways its part of the American pop cultureLets take a look at some pop culture potatoesMashed Potato danceThe Mashed Potato dance is a craze that began in 1962The name of the dance came from the song it accompanies, Mashed Potato Time, performed by American R&B singer Dee Dee SharpThe move vaguely resembles that of the Twist dance style, by Sharps fellow Philadelphian,Chubby CheckerHot Potato!Hot Potato! is an action puzzle video game released in 2001In the game the player must drive a bus and clear the road of alien potato beingsThe potato beings are either red or blue; when two like-colored potatoes touch each other, they disappearOver the years, Hot Potato! has received mostly positive reception from criticsMrPotato HeadMrPotato Head is an American toy invented by George Lerner in 1949The toy consists of a plastic potato model and a variety of plastic parts like hands, feet, ears and mouthsIn 1952, MrPotato Head became the first toy advertised on televisionThis commercial revolutionized marketing and caused a boom that solidified this toys place in American pop culture29Which is the newest to the American pop culture?AFrench fries BMashed Potato danceCHot Potato! DMrPotato Head30What can we infer from the text?AFrench fries were popular in US when first served in the White HouseBMashed Potato Time came from Mashed Potato danceCPlayers can play Hot Potato! on their phoneDMrPotato Head can be taken apart31Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AEnjoy American Fast Food BHave Fun with PotatoesCDifferent Uses of Potatoes DAmerican Food Culture参考答案29-31 CDB阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。I received a call today asking if I would be willing to bring food to a family in need. The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for several weeks. Of course, I responded with an immediate“Yes! ”. As I planned the meal in my head, I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food. I have done so countless times with a very open heart.But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. When my mother passed away, our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks. A woman from the church of our community stepped by each evening with some food. The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain.Later in my life, when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy with twins, women of the church again stepped in to help. They arranged babysitting for my two-year-old daughter, and brought lovely dinners to our house. Even when I was put in the hospital, my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room. How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired husband and young daughter!Food is all about comfort. It feeds our bodies, but it can also feed our souls. When you hear people talking about their favourite holidays, it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food. I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to prepare food for others. It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need.【文章大意】作者的母亲过世的时候, 社区教堂中的女人给她带过食物; 作者怀孕的时候, 社区教堂中的女人也同样给她带过食物, 并帮她照顾她两岁的女儿。因此, 今天有人需要帮助的时候, 作者也非常愿意伸出援手。1. The author has given lots of food to others because.A. she is poor at cookingB. she is a church memberC. she is friendly to othersD. she has received others food【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. ”可知作者乐于赠送食物给别人是因为她自己也曾经受到别人的许多馈赠。2. We can learn from the first paragraph that the author.A. had to stay in bed for several weeksB. knew the family in need very wellC. was glad to be able to lend a handD. was tired of preparing food【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段“Of course, I responded with an immediateYes! ”可以推断作者非常高兴能帮助别人。3. Which of the following is TRUE about the author?A. Her mother died when she was in hospital.B. She didnt get enough food during her pregnancy.C. She received food as well as comfort in her hard times.D. She thinks offering food is the best way to show love.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知作者在她自己有困难的时候接受过他人的食物与照顾。4. According to the passage, which of the following conclusions can we get?A. A good beginning makes a good ending.B. One good turn deserves another.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Every man has his faults.【解析】选B。推理判断题。通过上下文可知, 作者在自己困难的时候接受过别人的帮助, 如今她也非常乐意帮助别人, 由此可得出这么一个结论: 善有善报。2020高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。Picking a university is a tense period of asking yourself which institution is most relevantThats why university rankings play such a vital role in students searching for their next academic directionRankings are also an inescapable part of the reputation and brand image of universitiesNo university website is complete without the claim to be in the top 100 for something or other, reported the BBCThe reason is simple: Rankings help them to attract students, staff and research investmentCurrently there are numbers of university rankings, and each has its own list of criteriaBut the main categories are the same: academic reputation, graduates performance and faculty resourcesHowever, experts point out the ranking process isnt entirely reliableMark Kantrowitz, a US financial aid researcher, said university rankings were mostly just for showHe wrote in The New York TimesIt may give your parents better bragging rights, but thats about itMoreover, its not difficult to see the limitations of university rankingsMany rankings focus on the number of times research work is cited （引用） by other researchersIt helps British and US universities to dominate global rankings because English is the favored language of academia, John OLeary, a member of the QS academic advisory board, told The Gunrdian, Also, rankings such as QS mainly focus on the qualities of the university rather than its studentsAny university ranking is likely to help students make better decisions about where to study, but the need to balance them with other more human factors is also important, said Phil Moss, an education and admissions consultant Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degree programIt can also add an element that rankings can never convey-the actual emotion of a university experience32Why do universities consider rankings important?ARankings make them more appealingBRankings are students only referenceCRankings can increase their academic levelDRankings help them complete their websites33What does the underlined It in paragraph 4 refer to?AAcademic research work BThe number of researchesCThe way of ranking universities DThe limitation of university ranking34According to John OLeary, what helps British and US universities rank well?AThe wide use of English in academia BTheir outstanding qualitiesCTheir graduates excellent performance DThe academias favor to them35Besides ranking, what does Phil Moss suggest you should refer to if youre picking a university?AInvestment in education BGuidance from professorsCInformation on websites DSuggestions from students参考答案32-35 ACAD阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2020深圳市二模，D)Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.To perfect a particular smell, perfumemakers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. Hes a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business.The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergrisbut with_a_catch.“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge，” Bohlmann says. “Its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergrislike chemical, he decided to use his gene knowhow to find the instructions for how to make the ambergrissubstitute.Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesnt work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells.Yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree.Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body.“Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone，” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.Bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质龙涎香，因这一物质来自于鲸，所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代它，他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。16It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, _.Aits user probably supports whale huntingBits smell will last for about an hourCthere will be a whale symbol on the bottleDit is probably very expensive答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中“But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer.”以及倒数第三段中“But expensive perfumes are much more stable.”可知，含有龙涎香的香水价格昂贵，故D项正确；根据倒数第三段中“Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”可知，B项错误；根据第二段第二句中“is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales.”可知，A项错误；C项文中未提及相关信息。17The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragraph 3 means _.Abeing difficult to holdBhaving a hidden problemCneeding further testingDbeing too similar答案：B词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider.”可知，该词组意为“有隐含的问题”，故B项正确。18According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?AThey can take on the characteristics of other genes.BThey can reproduce much faster than other cells.CThey share some of the qualities of plant genes.DTheyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.答案：A细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中“it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.”可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并将目的基因成功表达出来，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故A项正确。19What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage?AHe is opposed to whale hunting.BHe made his discovery during Christmas.CHe has worked in the perfume industry for many years.DHe has previously done genetic research.答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因). the perfume business.”及第三段表达的语境可知，Joery Bohlmann已经意识到，这些树中某些基因所产生的化学物质可以被用于香水中以代替龙涎香，但是这些化学物质和其他物质混合在一起，难以分离，故可以断定，Joerg Bohlmann曾经做过基因研究，故D项正确。20What is the best title for the passage?AThe Christmas trees secret.BThe sweet smell of success.CWhalefree perfume.DSave the whale.答案：C标题概括题。根据文章第一段“Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.”及文章最后一句中“producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.”可知，本文主要介绍了在香水中使用的龙涎香，这种价格昂贵的物质，最终被树中的某种化学物质成功取代。故C项为最佳标题。