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此资料由网络收集而来，如有侵权请告知上传者立即删除。资料共分享，我们负责传递知识。Unit 11 A Traditional InstrumentLesson 3（一）大声读单词1. pear 要点：n. 梨, 梨树; 梨状物balsam pear 苦瓜 pear-shaped梨形的2. straw 要点：n. 1） 稻草，禾秆a bag made of straw 用稻草做的包 strawberry 草莓2）something with too little substance to provide support in a crisis:救命稻草: 在危机中几乎起不到什么帮助作用的东西：Near the end we were grasping at straws. 快到最后我们都在抓住救命稻草。a man in a white straw 戴白草帽的男人She drank her soda through a straw. 她用麦管喝汽水。It doesnt matter a straw. 一点关系也没有。adj. Of, relating to, or made of straw: 稻草的，属于、关于或由稻草做成的：a straw hat. 一顶草帽（二）重点词汇1. pear n. 梨2. straw n. 草，禾秆（三）重点解析：指示代词指示代词：英语中用来表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示概念的代词称为指示代词。常见的指示代词有：this, that, these, those, such, same等。单数复数(近指)this这these这些（远指）that那those那些such这样的 same同样的 it它指示代词的用法： a. this(these), that(those)都可在句子中作主语、宾语、定语或表语例如：This is my doll. That is Marys. 这是我的洋娃娃，那是玛丽的。（主语）This building was designed by a Russian architect. 这栋大楼是一位俄罗斯设计师设计的。（定语）What do you think of this? 你认为这个怎么样？（介词宾语）Do you like these? 你喜欢这些吗？（宾语）What I want to say is this. 我想说的是这样。（表语）b. this和that 可以指在电话中交谈的对方，或像it 一样用来辨认某人是谁。例如：Hello. This is Joe. Who is that speaking? 喂，我是乔。您是哪位？That looks like your brother. 那人看起来像你兄弟。c. this 和 that 可并列使用，表示确定的对象。例如：From that station to this is a distance of exactly thirty miles. 那一站与这一站相距整整30英里。Which do you prefer, this or that? 你更喜欢哪个，这个还是那个？d. this(these), that(those)与表示时间的名词连用。例如：this morning今天早上 this autumn今年秋天this week 这个星期this month这个月 this year今年 these days近来e. 用在固定习语中：例如：We were sitting there talking this and that. 我们坐在那儿，谈这谈那。I quarreled with Lucy just now, thats all right. 我刚与露西发生了一点口角，不过没什么。He has many faults, but for all that I like him. 他有许多缺点，尽管如此，我还是喜欢他。What would you hope for more than that? 除此之外你还希望什么呢？f. this(these)和that(those)的用法区别：（1）this(those)，是指时间上或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。that(those)，是指在时间上和空间上离说话人较远的人或物。例如：This is Mr. Smith and that is Mr. Black. 这位是史密斯先生，那位是布莱克先生。 The police are on guard at that building. 警察守卫着那栋大楼。There is not much demand for horses these days. 如今对马的需求量不大。In those days we often went short of food and clothing. 那时候我们经常缺吃少穿。（2）叙述事物的前后，that 指前，this指后。例如：She is tactful, but I couldnt call him that. 她很机智，而对他我就不能那样说了。At our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine. 我们工厂有几台机器和这本杂志上所描述的相似。What I have to say to you is this: if you dont break off drinking for good, youll be sorry pretty soon. 我必须向你说明的是：如果你不彻底戒酒的话，你很快就会后悔的。（3）that/those可以用来指代前面出现过的名词，以避免重复。例如：The price of tin is higher than that of copper. 锡价比铜价高。The students in Class One work harder than those in Class Two. 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。The colour of these curtains is the same as that of the rug. 这些窗帘的颜色和地毯的颜色一样。 The population of Guangzhou is larger than that of Haikou. 广州的人口比海口多。（4）“and this”，“and that”也可以用来指前面提到的事，以避免重复。例如：Her film was a complete failure, and this did her reputation a lot of harm. 她这部电影是彻底失败了，使她的名声受到很大的损害。Suddenly everything went black and thats the last thing I could remember. 突然眼前一片漆黑，这就是我记得的最后情景。g. such的用法。（1）做主语例如：Such was my immediate impression. 这就是我当时的印象。 Such are the results. 结果就是这样。 Such is life. 生活就是这样。 Such is our study plan. 这就是我们的学习计划。 Such were his words. 这就是他说的话。（2）做定语例如：Such water is quite clean. 这样的水很干净。Such books are likely to advance your knowledge of European history. 这类书可能会增长你有关欧洲历史的知识。注意：such做定语时，它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词a (an),这个不定冠词应放在such之后。例如：I dont like such a book. 我不喜欢这样的书。He is such a man. 他竟是这样一个人。He spent all his money; he is such a fool. 他这么傻，花光了所有的钱。Everyone was indoors on such a night. 在这样的夜晚，大家都呆在家里。no/one/another/some/many/all+ such + 名词：例如：No such person exists. 这样的人是不存在的。 One such grammar book is enough. 一本这样的语法书就足够了。Some such story was told to me years ago. 几年前我就听过一些这类故事。Any such request is sure to be turned down. 任何这类要求肯定会碰壁。such a + 形容词 + 名词：例如：He is such a kind man. 他如此的和蔼可亲。The garage did such a bad repair. 修车厂的活干得如此差。such as:例如：We dislike people such as him. 我们不喜欢像他这号人。A plan such as you propose will never succeed. 像你提出的这种计划永远不会成功。They sell different pies in the restaurant, such as apple, cherry, and strawberry pies. 这家餐馆有不同的馅饼，例如苹果、樱桃和草莓馅饼。He knows six languages, such as Chinese, Russian, etc. 他会讲6种语言，例如汉语、俄语等。such (that):例如：The child had such a fever (that) he nearly died. 这孩子发烧这么厉害，差点死掉。He told such funny stories that we all laughed. 他讲了这么滑稽的故事，把我们都逗笑了。such 用于固定习语中：例如：We can go in my car, such as it is. 我们可以坐我的车，虽然我的车子不太好。You can borrow my exam notes, such as they are. 你可以借我的考试笔记去看，虽然它们记得不是很好。（3）做表语例如：His illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 他的病害不至于使人焦虑不安。The birds were such as I never saw before. 这样的鸟，我从未见过。The problems are such that we cant solve by ourselves. 这样的问题，我们自己是解决不了的。（4）做宾语例如：Take from the drawer such as you need. 你需要什么，就从抽屉里拿吧。If you act like a child, you will be treated as such. 你要是这样孩子气，人家就把你当孩子看待了。h. same的用法：same(同样的)也是指示代词，使用时same之前必须用定冠词the. 它也具有名词和形容词的性质，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。（1）作主语例如：The same can be said of the other article. 另一篇文章也是同样情况。The same happened to me. 我也发生了同样的情况。（2）作宾语例如：She went to swim and Ill do the same. 她去游泳了，我也去了。Whatever I did, he tried to do the same. 无论我做什么，他试图跟着做。I dont feel the same about you as I did. 我现在对你的看法和过去不一样了。（3）作表语例如：His name and mine are the same. 他和我同名。Our ideas are exactly the same. 我们的想法完全一致。（4）作定语例如：The students are doing the same thing. 学生们在做同样的事情。Im quite sure they were doing the same problem. 我敢肯定他们解决的是同一个问题。We eat much the same thing for breakfast every day. 每天早餐我们总是吃这些同样的东西。I live in the same house as he. 我跟他同住一所房子。This bag is the same size as that. 这个包和那个包的大小一样。This is the same watch that I lost last night. 这就是我昨晚丢失的那只手表。（5）作状语例如：Thank you all the same. 我还是要谢谢你。（6）用于固定词语中例如：I realize she can be very annoying, but all the same I think you should apologize for losing your temper with her. 我知道她有时很讨厌，尽管如此，我还是认为你应该为你向她发脾气而道歉。【典型例题】 1. How many strings does a violin have? It has strings. A. four B. five C. six2. What are these instruments? They are flutes. They are instruments. A. wind B. not C. music3. Hold the guitar on your lap this. I see. A. likes B. like C. as4. What are they doing ? They are learning instruments. A. about B. with C. from5. Hello! Are you at home now? No, Im the top of the mountain. A. in B. on C. beside答案：1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B
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