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一、 语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。In many countries，_1_ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space._2_，in the United States，this idea may still be considered odd.But this type of housing，_3_(call) cohousing，is gaining _4_ (popular) in the United States，too. Cohousing complexes are popping up across the country. For many people，this way of life is a relief to the busy modern lifestyle. A cohousing community has _5_ (private) owned houses and shared land. There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room，meeting room，and maybe a workshop of library or music room. About 25 cohousing communities _6_ (build) in recent years，and 150 more are planned.A cohousing complex is a place _7_ residents shop，cook，and eat together.Residents of a cohousing complex like its sense of shared community. Children have other kids to play _8_，_9_ many families like.Other residents like the feeling of living in a “ village”Residents also say that they can live in cohousing for _10_ money than they would pay for nearby apartments.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。People think children should play sports.Sports are fun，and playing with others enables children to learn to communicate. However，playing sports can have _1_effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor selfrespect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports,40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been _2_at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad _3_ of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.Many researchers believe adults，especially parents and coaches，are the main _4_ of too much aggression in childrens sports. They believe children _5_ aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves，sending children the message that_6_ is everything. Many parents go to childrens sporting events and shout _7_ at other players or cheer when their child behaves _8_.As well，children are even taught that hurting other players is _9_ or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured._10_，the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.As a society，we really need to _11_this problem and do something about it.Parents and coaches _12_ should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better_13_.They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to _14_themselves whether they win or not.Besides，children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured，this gives the message that_15_is not as important as winning.1A.restrictiveBnegativeCactive Dinstructive2A.knocked BglancedCsmiled Dshouted3A.impression BconceptCtaste Dexpectation4A.resource BcauseCcourse Dconsequence5A.question BunderstandCcopy Dneglect6A.winning BpractisingCfun Dsport7A.praises BordersCremarks Dinsults8A.proudly BambitiouslyCaggressively Dbravely9A.acceptable BimpoliteCpossible Daccessible10A.By contrast BIn additionCAs a result DAfter all11A.look up to Bface up toCmake up for Dcome up with12A.in particular Bin allCin return Din advance13A.techniques BmeansCvalues Ddirections14A.respect BrelaxCforgive Denjoy15A.body BfameChealth Dspirit三、阅读理解专题训练(五)细节理解(3)语意转换法 技巧点拨高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时要特别注意下列几点：1考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案，加强解题的针对性。2如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意，不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。3问到what，who，when，which，where，according to the author等具体细节时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案。 活学活用阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务(2020;2020年山东卷)Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However，being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of overconsumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2020;2020.It now makes up a third of a typical households waste in the UK.In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK，for example，is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem，too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However，a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary.There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle，we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选出最佳答案1What does the underlined phrase “overconsumption” refer to?AUsing too much packaging.BRecycling too many wastes.CMaking more products than necessary.DHaving more material than is needed.2The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _.Athe tendency of cutting household wasteBthe increase of packaging recyclingCthe rapid growth of super marketsDthe fact of packaging overuse3According to the text，recycling _.Ahelps control the greenhouse effectBmeans burning packaging for energyCis the solution to gas shortageDleads to a waste of land4What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?AUnpackaged products are of bad quality.BSupermarkets care more about packaging.CIt is improper to judge quality by packaging.DOther products are better packaged than food.5What can we learn from the last paragraph?AFighting wastefulness is difficult.BNeedless material is mostly recycled.CPeople like collecting recyclable waste.DThe author is proud of their consumer culture.参考答案一、1解析：做形式主语。答案：It2解析：表示转折。答案：However3解析：过去分词短语做定语。答案：called4解析：gain是动词，后边要求接名词(popularity)做宾语。答案：popularity5解析：用副词修饰动词。答案：privately6has been built7解析：引导定语从句。答案：where8解析：play with sb.是固定搭配，意思是 “和一起玩”。答案：with9解析：引导非限制性定语从句，代表前面整个主句的内容。答案：which10less二、1解析：从however可知这里表转折，前面讲了运动的好处，这里就应讲运动的不良影响。答案：B2解析：在40,000,000孩子中，有18,000,000人说在运动过程中，有人对他们大喊大叫甚至辱骂他们，这让孩子对运动产生不好印象。答案：D3解析：参看第2题解释。答案：A4解析：研究者认为，家长和教练是少儿体育中有太多攻击性行为的主要原因。答案：B5解析：copy: 模仿。答案：C6解析：他们以自己的攻击性行为给孩子传递一种信息：赢得比赛就是一切。答案：A7解析：这里指辱骂。答案：D8解析：从上下文可知答案。答案：C9解析：孩子接受的教育是：在比赛中伤害他人是可以接受的。答案：A10解析：此外， 媒体也让暴力看起来刺激。答案：B11解析：face up to: 面对， 正视。答案：B12解析：特别是家长和教练要给孩子树立好榜样。答案：A13解析：values指价值观。答案：C14解析：enjoy oneself: 过得开心。答案：D15解析：如果让孩子们带伤比赛，就给孩子一个信息：健康不如获胜重要。答案：C三、Recycling is one way to help environment，but whats most important is that we dont overconsume or pay too much attention to packaging when we are shopping.(27 words)1解析：从前句的being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need知道我们是在 “过度消费”或“过量消费”。答案：D2解析：increased by 12% between 1999 and 2020;2020说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。答案：D3解析：从Recycling helps可知答案。答案：A4解析：人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。答案：C5解析：从最后一句We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb可知答案。答案：A
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