【河南专版】2020高三英语一轮课时作业 新人教版选修8-4

选修8 Unit4课时作业(三十九)Pygmalion皮格马利翁.单项填空1_history of the American South is_history of suffering，also one of hope and success.AA；theBThe；theCA；a DThe；a2This naughty boy is really_，which makes his mother upset.Aattractive BactiveCtroublesome Danxious3The crowds had all gone home and the street was quiet _.Aany more Bno longerCany longer Donce more4Jim has been looking for his dictionary for almost an hour，and Tracy forgot to tell him that David_it _2 hours ago.Atook；away Btook；inCtook；over Dtook；on5The closing music_out when the hero rides off into the sunset.Afaded Bwould fadeChas faded Dfades6_advertisements，TV programs are often made boring.ARegularly interrupted by BRegularly interruptingCTo regularly interrupt DTo be regularly interrupted by7He never_to help those in trouble because he was a kindhearted man.Ahandled BhurriedChesitated Ddetermined8I wanted to go to Greece，and my wife wanted to go to Spain，so we_on Italy.Aresigned BcompromisedCpromised Ddisguised9You are grownup now，so its up to you to decide whether to_English or French.Atake off Btake onCtake in Dtake up10_，the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.AGenerally speaking BGeneral speakingCSpeaking general DSpeaking generally11When they got there，they found the people suffering the storm were_food and water supplies.Ain want of Bin praise ofCin honour of Din place of12People have planted a great many trees in order to_wind and sand in the desert.Ahold down Bhold upChold back Dhold out13Thank you for your timely help，Susan._.AWith pleasure BMy pleasureCAll right DNo thanks at all14What did he come here for?He came here especially to_your acquaintance.Atake BgetCmake Dproduce15On hearing the horrible noise，they all went out and looked at what was happening in_.Aamusement BenjoymentCamazement Dembarrassment.阅读理解The zebra belongs to the horse family.One of natures great mysteries is why the zebra has stripes.One theory is that the stripes help the zebra cool down.On hot days the black stripes get a lot hotter than the white area of the zebra and under the black stripes there are special layers of fat for protection.Hot air then rises off the black stripes，forcing colder air down around the white areas，cooling the zebra down.This，however，is just a theory.The stripes can also confuse predators (食肉动物) when zebras stay with other animals in great numbers.Zebras have excellent hearing and eyesight and can run at a speed of up to 35 miles per hour (56 kilometers per hour)They also have a powerful kick that can cause serious injury to a predator，like a lion，or an African wild dog.Usually the lead male of the herd stays at the back of the group to defend against predators if necessary，while the females and youngsters run from danger.Zebras are herbivores and feed mostly on grasses，although they also might eat the leaves and stems (茎) of bushes a bit.They eat grasses for many hours each day，using their strong teeth.Spending so much time chewing wears the zebras teeth down，so their teeth keep growing all their lives.As the dry season arrives and the grasses die back，zebra herds travel to find more food and water holes for drinking.Most zebras have no specific territories.They travel from place to place，never staying in one area very long.1What can be inferred from the first paragraph?AThere are different opinions about why the zebra has stripes.BThe black stripes help the zebra live through cold days.CThe zebra can easily be attacked by predators.DThe zebra always travels with other animals.2According to the passage，herbivores are_.Aanimals that have specific territoriesBanimals that only eat plantsCanimals that kill and eat other animalsDanimals that live in groups3The zebra has strong teeth all their lives because their teeth_.Aonly chew soft grassesBare used all dayCare always growingDare kept clean4Which of the following statements about zebras is TRUE?AThey have poor eyesight and hearing.BTheir stripes can confuse predators.CThey can run 56 miles per hour.DThey usually stay in one area all their lives.5Which of the following TV programs might the passage be adapted for?AHobbies & Leisure BEveryday TipsCDigital Stadium DDiscoveries(2020年聊城模拟)Everybody is happy as his pay rises.Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one.Indeed，if he is known as being lazy，you might even be quite cross.Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness.But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta，Georgia，which has just been published in Nature，suggests that it_is_all_too_monkey，as well.The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys.They look smart.They are goodnatured，cooperative creatures，and they share their food happily.Above all，like female human beings，they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnans study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (奖券)some rocks，for food.Normally，the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber.However，when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms，so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock，they became quite different.In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods(and much preferable to cucumbers)So when one monkey was handed a grape in are exchange for her token，the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all，the other either shook her own token at the researcher，or refused to accept the cucumber.Indeed，the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.The researches suggest that these monkeys，like humans，are guided by social senses.In the wild，they are cooperative and groupliving.Such cooperation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of anger when unfairly treated，it seems，are not the nature of human beings alone.Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group.However，whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans，or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago，is，as yet，an unanswered question.6Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are_.Amore serious about what they getBattentive to researchersinstructionsCnice in both appearance and behaviorsDmore ready to help others than their male companions7The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that_.Amonkeys are also angry with lazy fellowsBfeeling bitter at unfairness is also monkeys natureCmonkeys，like humans，tend to be envious of each otherDno animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings8When one monkey received a grape for free，the other would_.Anot be willing to hand over her tokenBshake her hands and get angryChave to exchange her token for the cucumberDrefuse to accept the cucumber9Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?AHuman beings feelings of anger are developed from monkeys.BIn the research，male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.CCooperation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.DOnly monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness dating from 35 million years ago.10What can we learn about the monkeys in Sarahs study?AThey can be trained to develop social senses.BThey usually show their feelings openly as humans do.CThey may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.DThey feel angry when they receive small rewards.单项填空1D考查冠词。第一空强调美国南方的历史，用定冠词表特指；第二空表示“一段的历史”，用不定冠词。2C考查形容词辨析。troublesome令人烦恼的。attractive吸引人的；active活跃的；anxious焦虑的。3D考查短语辨析。once more再一次。4A考查短语辨析。take away拿走。take in欺骗；take over接管；take on接受，从事(某工作)。5D考查时态。由下文rides可知用一般现在时fades。介绍电影剧情往往用一般现在时。6A考查过去分词作状语。句子的主语TV programs与interrupt之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。句意为：电视节目每隔一段时间就会插播广告，令人厌烦。7C考查动词辨析。句意为：帮助那些有困难的人，他从来都不犹豫，因为他是一个善良的人。handle处理；hurry匆忙；determine决定，都与语境不符。8Bresign听任，顺从；compromise以折中方法解决争论；promise许诺；disguise伪装。根据句意，B为最佳答案。句意为：我想去希腊，可我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们折中了一下，去意大利。9D考查动词辨析。句意为：你已经是成年人了，所以由你来决定学英语还是法语。take off脱下，起飞，匆匆离开；take on开始，雇用，呈现，同较量，承担，从事；take in接受，吸收，包括，领会，理解，欺骗；take up开始从事，把继续下去，着手处理，占去。10Agenerally speaking一般来说。11A考查介词短语辨析。句意为：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴袭击的人们需要食物和水。in want of意为“需要”；in praise of赞扬；in honour of纪念；in place of代替。12Chold down压制，限制；hold up推迟；耽搁；hold back阻挡，抑制；hold out提供，提出。句意为：为了阻挡风和沙尘，人们种了大量的树。13B此题考查交际用语，在回答对方的感谢时常用：my pleasure，its a pleasure。with pleasure很乐意做，多用在对方要求帮忙的时候。14Cmake ones acquaintance结识某人；与相见。15Cin amazement惊愕地。.阅读理解【语篇解读】本文介绍了斑马的特点与生活习性。1A推理判断题。第一段中，作者在介绍了为什么斑马会有黑白条纹的一种解释后说，This，however，is just a theory，由此可以推知对此人们有不同的解释，故选A。2B词义猜测题。最后一段主要讲了斑马的生活习性。由第一句中and后面的内容可知，herbivores的意思是“食草动物”。3C细节理解题。最后一段说，斑马一天要花很多的时间吃草，牙齿被磨损得很厉害，所以它们的牙齿一生都在不断地生长，由此可知C项正确，牙齿不断在生长，故总能保持强健。4B细节判断题。由第一段最后一句可知，斑马身上的条纹可以迷惑食肉动物。5D细节推断题。本文讲述了斑马条纹的功能、自我保护与生活习性，如若改编为电视节目，那么“探索与发现(Discoveries)”再合适不过；因为“探寻自然界的神奇奥秘”是该纪录片的宗旨之一。而A(爱好与休闲)、B(每日提示)及C(数码广场)均与本文主题相去甚远。【语篇解读】科学家经过实验发现猴类与人类一样都有很强烈的公平意识，尽管其原因至今不为人知。6A考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中“.like female human beings，they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of goods and services than males”以及第三段第一句“Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnans study”可知答案为A项。7B考查句意猜测。根据文章第一段可知猴子与人一样，在受到不公平的对待时，会感到非常难受，这也许是他们共同的自然本性，所以答案选择B项。8D考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中“And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all，the other either shook her own token at the researcher，or refused to accept the cucumber”可知答案为D项。9C考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段中“.such cooperation is likely to be firm only when each animals feels it is not being cheated”可知C项正确；A、B两项无信息依据；根据文章最后一段中“whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans.an unanswered question”判断D项错误。10C考查推理判断。结合文章第三段中“Normally，the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber”可知猴类同样对公平感到满意，判断C项正确；根据文章最后一段中“these monkeys，like humans，are guided by social senses”可知猴类的这些社会意识并不需要人类培养，判断A项错误。D项比较片面，存在比较，故错误。