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人教版2019选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of achievement真题训练1.(2020江苏)Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free.A. whoseB. whichC. whenD. whom2.(2020天津)Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.A. whoseB. of whomC. of whichD. which3.(2019江苏) We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that4.(2019天津) Their child is at the stage_ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what5.(2019新课标I卷.短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.6.(2019新课标II卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _62_ she opened with her late husband Les.7.(2019新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals.8.(2019新课标III卷.短文改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.9.(2019浙江)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _58_gives off light in the dark.10.(2019北京)The students benefiting most from college are those _9_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.11.(2018北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _ helps them keep fit.A. which B. who C. as D. that12. (2018天津)Kate, _sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whom B. thatC. whose D. her13. (2018江苏)Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. that B. whereC. which D. when14.(2017北京)The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 15.(2017江苏)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 16.(2017天津)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who17.(2016江苏)Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of whichB.of themC.of whomD.of those18.(2016天津)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when19.(2016浙江) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of _ has been proved.A. whom B. which C. what D. that20.(2020年7月,浙江卷）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1. ,through agriculture. Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 2. could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 3. hunting and gathering,so people were able to raise more children. And,as more children were born,more food 4.(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5.(change)lives.By about 6000 BC,people 6. (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later,they learned to work with the 7. (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, 8. (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then,with 9. rise of science,changes began. New methods 10. (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so,these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.参考答案与解析1.【参考答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到,学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词是many lessons,关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语,应使用关系代词which引导。故选B。2.【参考答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了,他现在只能自己打字。_ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句,修饰Dr. Rowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示”Dr. Rowans “,表示”的”,应用关系代词whose引导该从句,故选A。3.【参考答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代,在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代）,且先行词在从句中做时间状语,所以关系词用when。 故选C。4.【参考答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句,先行词是the stage,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where,故选B。5.【参考答案】One afternoon I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.【解析】考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语,所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。6.【参考答案】where【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语,故用which。7.【参考答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好,它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人）,且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。8.【参考答案】Inthecafe,customerswillenjoy themselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentiscreatedforthem.【解析】本句考查定语从句。先行词environment 在从句中做主语,指物,关系代词用that/which。故 把what改为that/which。9.【参考答案】that/which【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句,先行词是cloth,指物,从句中缺少主语,因此,可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。10.【参考答案】who/that【解析】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_3_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句,修饰先行词those,空格处在句中作主语,代指人,故填who或that。11.【参考答案】A【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班,这有助于她们保持健康。“_ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句,该从句修饰整个主句,引导词在从句中做主语,故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。12.【参考答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候,我和她的姐姐共住一室。分析句子,句中先行词为Kate,在非限定性定语从句中作名词sister的定语,故用关系代词whose。故选C。13.【参考答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where,相当于in which。故选B。14.【参考答案】A【解析】考查关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句,从句缺少宾语,先行词是problems,用that。15.【参考答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”,“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是, whose在定语从句中作定语,这里限定purposes,故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。16.【参考答案】B【解析】试题分析:本句是-一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词是My eldest son,根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语,选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。17.【参考答案】C【解析】试题分析: 考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people, 关系代词whom指代先行词,在定语从句中作为介词of的宾语。句意:很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求它们的梦想,其中大部分人都是受过良好教育。故C正确。18.【参考答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期,那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句,先行词是next week,定语从句中不缺少主宾表,缺少时间状语。故选D。19.【参考答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪,科学家已经提出了很多理论,没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句,先行词是theories,指物,定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which引导。故选B。20.【参考答案】1.in 2.what 3.than 4.was needed 5.to change 6.had discovered 7.seasons 8.making 9.the 10.meant.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。1.考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知,“they lived _”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句,定语从句引导词被省略,可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语,即：they lived in the world. live in+名词,意为“居住在某地”。故填in。2.考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里,他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖,而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子,宾语从句部分缺主语,所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意,此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。3.考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知,此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比,应用比较连词than。more than,意为“比更”故填than。4.考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生,越多的食物被需要。分析句子,逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间,所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子,简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。6.考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年,人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词,故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到为止”,后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.7.考查名词复数。句意：后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,提示词的词性为为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填seasons。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子,make所处的分句中无主语,故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。9.考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起,事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。10.考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子,主句部分无其他动词,故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时,根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。知识改变命运4
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