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Unit 5First aid 【热点话题】Save oneself(自救)火灾中如何逃生体裁：说明文(提建议)写作思路：逐条提出建议【美文诵读】How to escape a fire？First_of_all， dial the number 119 for help if there is a fire.Then what_you_should_do_is_to_find_out_where_the_fire_is in order to choose the_best_way_to_escape_quickly.Soak a towel in water and cover your mouth and nose，bend down and run out of the place that is on fire.If you cant go downstairs，better_stay_in a room and seal the windows and doors with wet towels to prevent_the_fire_and_smoke_coming_in.Then try to go to the balcony and ask the passerby for help or wait for the firemen to come.【学海拾贝】按要求完成或翻译下列句子。1首先，你必须能确认到底遇到了什么问题。First_of_all，you must be sure what the problem is.2你应该做的是弄清楚谁该对事故负责。(what)What_you_should_do is to find out who is to blame for the accident.3最好的减肥办法是多运动。(the best way)The_best_way_to lose weight is taking more exercise.4今天有风暴，你最好呆在家里。(better)Better_stay_home as there is a storm today.5大雨使我不能按时到达学校。(prevent.from)The heavy rain prevented me from getting to school on time.按要求写出下列单词1使噎住，使窒息 vchoke2坚固地，稳定地 adv.firmly3暂时的， 临时的 adj. temporary4典礼，仪式，礼节n.ceremony5倒，灌，注，涌v.pour6至关重要的，生死攸关的 adj.vital7复杂的adj. complex8症状，征兆n.symptom9绷带n.bandage10救护车 n. ambulance11损伤，伤害n.injury损伤，伤害 vinjure受伤的adj.injured12治疗，处理，对待n.treatment款待；治疗 n& vtreat13压力，压，按，压迫n.pressure压，按，压迫v.press14血n. blood流血v. bleed15涂，敷；应用；申请 v. apply应用；申请 n. application申请人n. applicant用所给单词的适当形式填空。1Three passengers escaped from the accident with only minor injuries，but another two were not so lucky and they were seriously injured(injure)2He_treated himself to a long holiday before he received a special_treatment for his nose.(treat)3._Press this button to start the engine，so the_pressure of the water turns this wheel.(press)4The government_is_presenting its report next week.(present)5I dont know why so many applicants have handed in their applications to apply for such an easy job：applying the ointment(药膏) to the wound.(apply).翻译下列短语1对某人实施急救give/offer/do_first_aid_to_sb.2保护免受protect.from3在适当的位置；适合in_place4挤出，榨出squeeze_out5找到，得到put_ones_hand(s)on6赠予某人某物present_sb.with_sth.7着火catch_fire8坚持stick_to9触电，电休克 electric_shock10区别对待；有影响make_a_difference11烧伤get_burnt12反复，再三over_and_over_again选用上述短语完成下列短文。Yesterday Li Mings right hand (1)got_burnt when pouring hot water into a bottle.His mother immediately gave (2)first_aid to the boy.First she told Li Ming to put the burned hand under gently running water.Then she placed some clean，wet clothes into a basion of cold water，(3) squeezed them (4)out and placed them on the burned area (5)over_and_over_againVery soon，Li Ming said he felt much better.His mothers knowledge of first aid did (6)make_a_difference.重点句型1So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.(p.33)因此，正如你可以想象得到的，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，意为“正如/就像”。As we know，her marriage is considered to be a political trick.正如我们所知道的，她的婚姻被看成是政治游戏。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)我当时有多尴尬，这一点你是可以想象得到的。As_you_can_imagine,_how embarrassed I was then.(2)正如我们大家都知道的，没有付出就没有收获。As_is_known_to_us_all,_no pains, no gains.2Do you think it is worthwhile to take a course in first aid？(p.39)你认为选修急救这门课程值得吗？It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做It_is_worthwhile_for_us_to_go to more places and experience more.多走走，长见识是值得的。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)你认为他们那样做值得吗？Do you think it(is)worthwhile_for_them to do that?(2)年轻的时候多读书是值得的。It_is_worthwhile_to read more books when we are young.用上述句型翻译下列小片段。如你所知，我从小就渴望成为一名救生员(lifeguard)，所以，如有可能，我想接受培训以掌握一些急救知识。毫无疑问，救生员会遇到危险，但只要我的工作能帮助他人脱险，我的冒险就是值得的。As_you_know，I_have_been_dreaming_of_becoming_a_lifeguard_since_I_was_a_child，so_if_possible，Id_like_to_have_a_training_to_have_a_good_knowledge_of_first_aid.There_is_no_doubt_that_a_lifeguard_will_face_dangers，but_it_is_worthwhile_to_take_the_risk_so_long_as_I_can_help_others_out_of_danger.1同等关系指一组词在句中作同一成分，且它们的词义属于同一义域，这些词常用and或or来连接。【例】 At fifty he is in_his_prime_of_life and always full of energy.解析：根据“full of energy”可判断出in his prime of life的意思为“最好的时候，精力旺盛之际”。2有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比。这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义；有的根据上下句之间表示转折或对比关系的连接词，就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。这种句子多半有：unlike，although，but，yet，while，on the contrary，on the other hand，instead of，rather than等信息词。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比的意义。如：【例】 (1)Is he intelligent or stupid?解析：根据stupid可推断出intelligent的意思为“聪明的”。利用上述方法，猜出下列各句画线单词的意思。1He is a serious person who always does everything conscientiouslyAattentivelyBcarelesslyChopefully Denergetically解析：根据serious可判断出conscientiously为“认真”之意。答案：A2If you dont stop doing like this，youll impair your health.Aimprove BbenefitCharm Dincrease解析：从if条件句的意思可推断出句中impair的意思为“损害健康”。答案：C3He strayed because of the darkness，and didnt know where he was.Adelayed Bgot lostCleft Darrived late解析：由句中的“because of the darkness”和“didnt know where he was”可推断出stray的意思为“迷路”。答案：B4Unlike the United States where many different nationalities make up the population，Japans population is quite homogeneousA想家的B多民族的C单一民族的 D自负的解析：与“many different nationalities”相反，homogeneous意为“单一民族的”。答案：C5Any fool can make soap，but it takes a genius to sell it.A天才 B傻瓜C白痴 D创意解析：由but可知genius是与fool(蠢材)相对的，由此推测其意为“有才能的人、天才”。答案：A6A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.A熟练的 B生疏的C迟钝的 D敏捷的解析：通读全句不难看出，说话者是把熟练工人与非熟练工人进行对比，由此可知adept的词义是“熟练的”。答案： A第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Carnivals focus is fun cruising for everyone.The line has promoted itself as the “fun”cruise line for decades. Big is as big doesthe ships feature water slides, casinos (娱乐场), and plenty of bars.With 24 ships, Carnival is certainly the most recognized name in cruising.If you like the flash of Vegas mixed with a big dose of beach party, youll love Carnivals brand of flamboyant (华丽的) fun.Over the last few years the line has greatly expanded its dining choices, both free and feebased, and bar offerings.The industry leading line has made changes over the years. They have caused an overall increase in quality in this line. Other lines are great, too. Weve got tieins with wellknown chef Guy Fieri，who delivers fancy burgers at a selfnamed spot on several of Carnivals ships. There are new sports bars operated together with EA Sports, and new comedy clubs with George Lopezprocured comedians on several of Carnivals ships. Pool areas on all ships are lively with hot tubs and corkscrew water slides.Casinos see lots of action. For a date night，the steak houses are worth the extra fee.That said, not all ships have the same features and its a big fleet, so read ship descriptions carefully.Whos on board? Mostly American young and youngatheart adults，who come aboard to have a great time.Camp Carnival，one of the best family programs on the main stream lines, makes it easy for parents and grandparents to bring their kids and then let them go.Where they go：Heavily North America including the Caribbean，Bahamas，Alaska，Canada，New England，Mexico，Hawaii，and Bermuda，but also some cruises in Europe.One ship is based in Australia，and marketed to Australians.Contact：(800)2276482 or 305/5992200；1By taking the ships，you may be able to do all of the following EXCEPT_Ahaving fun in a casinoBgoing to a bar for a drinkChaving fun in a water slideDvisiting a store on board2. The cruise line“Carnivals brand of flamboyant fun” may attract those who_Alove beach partiesBwant bar offeringsCare interested in an old shipDwant to stay in Vegas for weeks3. What do we know about the program mentioned in Paragraph 3?AIt aims at attracting the elderly.BIts suitable for a whole family.CIts mainly for youngatheart adults.DIts available in all of Carnivals cruise lines.4. Carnivals cruise ships do NOT go to_Athe CaribbeanBAustraliaCGreenland DNew England语篇解读：本文向我们介绍了Carnival的一些旅游线。1解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“the ships feature water slides，casinos，and plenty of bars”可知A、B、C三项的内容都有提到，但没有提到D项的内容，故选D。答案：D2解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“If you like the flash of Vegas mixed with a big dose of beach party，youll love Carnivals brand of flamboyant fun.”可推断喜欢沙滩派对的人会选择这条旅行线。答案：A3解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“Camp Carnival，one of the best family programs on the main stream lines，makes it easy for parents and grandparents to bring their kids and then let them go.”可知这个方案适合一家人。答案：B4解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Heavily North America including the Caribbean and Bahamas，Alaska，Canada/New England，Mexico，Hawaii，and Bermuda，but also some cruises in Europe.One ship is based in Australia，and marketed to Australians.”可知并不去格陵兰岛。答案：C第二节七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way to Dreamland(2020北京卷)Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy._1_ They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history._2_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First，understand that some opportunities (机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams._3_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._4_Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._5_Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.AHaving interesting things to think about also helps.BThey stare off into space and wander by themselves.CWithout wandering minds，we wouldnt have relativity，Coke or Postit notes.DAt one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.EIt involves slow，steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive.FDaydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.GTherefore，its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.答案：15BCAEG第三节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easytheyre given after all. Choices can be hard.”I got the_1_to start Amazon 16 years ago.I_2_the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2，300 percent per year. Id never seen or heard of anything that grew so fast，and the idea of building an_3_bookstore with millions of titles was very_4_to me. I had just turned 30, and Id been married for a year. I told my wife that I wanted to_5_my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldnt_6_，and I wasnt sure what to_7_. She told me I should_8_the idea. Id always wanted to be an inventor，and she wanted me to follow my_9_I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a _10_boss that I admired very much. I went to my boss and _11_with him that I wanted to start a company selling books On the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park，listened_12_to me, and finally said，“That sounds like a really good idea，but it would be an even better idea for someone who didnt already have a _13_ job.“That logic made some_14_to me，and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a_15_decision.Seen in that light，it really was a difficult_16_， but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didnt think Id regret_17_and failing.And I suspected I would always be troubled by the decision not to try at all.After much_18_，I took the less_19_path to follow my dream, and Im_20_of that choice.For all of us，in the end，we are our choices.1A.idea BsupportCfund Dmessage2A.got through Bset asideCcame across Dturn down3A.online BavailableCintelligent Dexpensive4A.practical BexcitingCflexible Dproductive5A.take BlandCexchange Dquit6A.matter BworkCfail Dexist7A.do BachieveCplan Dexpect8A.give up Bset upCstick to Dput off9A.dream BpaceChobby Dexample10A.cruel BbrilliantCgreedy Dmodest11A.shared BarguedCreasoned Denquired12A.gradually BeventuallyCcarefully Dgenerously13A.temporary BperfectCpoor Dgood14A.sense BdifferenceCbet Dbargain15A.perfect BfinalCcareful Drandom16A.puzzle BsuggestionCchoice Dreport17A.managing BrequestingCchanging Dtrying18A.consideration BdeterminationCconversation Dapplication19A.stable BsecureCamusing Dinteresting20A.confident BregretfulChopeful Dproud语篇解读：本文向我们讲述了亚马逊书城的老板在开始做网络书店时面临的艰难的抉择，告诉我们人生就是一个选择的过程。1解析：根据下文“and the idea of.”可知。句意：我在16年前就有了创建亚马逊的想法。答案：A2解析：come across“发现”。其他选项不符合语境。答案：C3解析：根据上下文可知，亚马逊是个网上书城。答案：A4解析：句意：开办一个网上书店对我来说是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。答案：B5解析：根据下文可知，作者想放弃工作来做这件事情。quit“放弃，停止”。答案：D6解析：句意：我想放弃我的工作来做这件可能不起作用(不会成功)的疯狂的事情。我甚至不敢确信我能够期待得到什么样的结果。答案：B7解析：见第6题解析。答案：D8解析：句意：我的妻子告诉我应该坚持这个梦想。stick to“坚持”。答案：C9解析：由上文“Id always wanted to be an inventor”可知。答案：A10解析：根据下文的“I admired very much”可知。brilliant“很棒的”。答案：B11解析：share sth.with sb.“与某人分享某事”。答案：A12解析：句意：老板和我在中央公园走了很久，很仔细地听了我的计划和想法。答案：C13解析：句意：他说：“这听起来是一个很好的主意，但是对于没有好工作的人来说似乎是一个更好的事情。”此处指老板认为“我”已经是一个有很好的工作的人，没有必要再去冒险做这样一个可能会失败的事情。答案：D14解析：make sense“有意义，讲得通”。此处指老板的话令作者有点动摇。答案：A15解析：make a final decision“做出最终决定”。答案：B16解析：根据文意可知，这对“我”来说是一个很困难的选择，但是最后我还是决定试一试。答案：C17解析：句意：我想努力并尝试了以后我是不会后悔遗憾的。答案：D18解析：句意：考虑了很久。答案：A19解析：因为这件事情没有人做过，没有人知道是不是会成功，所以使用secure表示这一道路前途的不确定性。答案：B20解析：根据文意可知，作者对于自己的选择很自豪。答案：D第四节短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last month，I together with my parents，were invited to my uncles home in the United States.My uncle，who moved to America when I was five，has been lived there for nearly ten years.She met us in the airport.I was exciting，when I set my foot on the land of America.In the following days，we visited some place of interest and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty.We all enjoyed visiting the Museum of Natural History so it enriched our knowledge great.For me，this is one of the most rewarding trips which I have ever made in my life and I look forward going there again.答案：
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