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Unit 3Under the sea【热点话题】Nature(自然)介绍海洋动物：海豚体裁：说明文写作思路：海豚生存地点海豚的本领海豚的习性。【美文诵读】In_the_vast_ocean_live_many_creatures with_great_intellectual_and_physical_capacities.Dolphin is one of those great creatures，whose capacities to think and move at an amazing rate puzzle those who study their behaviors.Dolphins brain，which is almost the_same_size_as that found in the human head，makes them different from all the other sea creatures.Dolphins babies are born in the water.They can grow up to three and a half meters long.Dolphins use_sound_to_help_them find their way，look for their food and talk with each other.Sound is just_like their eyes and mouths.【学海拾贝】按要求完成或翻译下列句子。1在山上有许多野生动物。(模仿用倒装语序翻译)On the mountains live_many_wild_animals2玛丽是个漂亮的女孩，眼睛大大的。(with)Mary is a beautiful girl with_big_eyes3这个包与你昨天买的那个一样大。(size)This bag is the_same_size_as the one youbought yesterday.4这个男孩用一根棍子在沙地上写下几个字。(use sth.to do sth.)The boy used a stick to_write a few words in the sand.5李明就像我的哥哥。(just like)Li Ming is just_like_my_brother.按要求写出下列单词1年刊，年鉴；每年的 n& adj.annual2目击者，证人，目击 n& vwitness3岸，海滨 nshore4喊声；大叫 n& vyell5放弃，遗弃，抛弃 vabandon6在对面；相对的，相反的 prep.& adj.opposite7跳水，潜水 n& vdive8催促，极力主张 vurge9目标，受批评的对象 ntarget10意识到的，知道的 adj.aware11生动的，鲜艳的adj.vivid生动地，鲜艳地adv. vividly生动n. vividness12毒药；毒害n.& v. poison有毒的adj.poisonous13锐利的，锋利的，敏捷的adj. sharp锐利地，锋利地 adv.sharply使变得锋利v. sharpen14味道；品尝n.& v. taste好吃的，可口的adj. tasty无味的，不可口的adj. tasteless15深度n. depth深的adj. deep深深地adv. deeply加深v. deepen用所给单词的适当形式填空。1This gas is highly poisonous and can poison a person at once.(poison)2“Who sharpened the knife？” He asked sharply(sharp)3Though the soup is tasty，Ive lost my sense of taste and it tastes just like tasteless water.(taste)4The little girl walked out to scare away the dog，but when the dog barked towards her，she was almost scared to death.(scare)5I vividly remember the picture he drew last week whose colours were vivid(vivid).翻译下列短语1在的前面 ，比好ahead_of2在此期间，与此同时 in_the_meantime3帮助摆脱困难 help_out4对知道；明白；意识到 be/become_aware_of5吓死了(be)_scared_to_death6列个清单 make_a_list_of7上下翻转upside_down8在远处 in_the_distance9仔细考虑，思考reflect_on/upon10一包；一群 a_pack_of选用上述短语完成下列短文。Jack decided to treat his friends to a big meal.He (1) reflected_on the whole thing carefully and (2) made_a_list_of the dish they should prepare for the meal.Together with his wife，he went to the market to buy all the things they needed.Unfortunately，his wife (3) was_scared_to_death because there were some snakes crawling in all directions at the market.Police came to control the situation.Later they knew that several businessmen were caught by the police for selling snakes and people (4)were_aware_of the importance of not catching or killing or eating wild animals.重点句型1This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.(p.20)这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的声音。be about to do sth. 正要做某事be about to.when.正要这时I was about to go out when a distant relative came to visit me.我正要出门时一个远亲来看我了。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他们刚要吃晚饭，他们的妈妈却突然病了。They_were_about_to_have_supper_when_their_mother_fell_ill_suddenly.(2)我正打算告诉你汤姆要结婚了，却传来了他受伤的消息。I_was_about_to_tell_you_that_Tom_was_going_to_marry_when_word_came_that_he_was_injured.2Clancy didnt mind being told what to do.(p.23)克兰西不介意被告知做什么。mind后跟动词作宾语时，该动词用v.ing形式，此句用了动名词的被动语态。I didnt mind being laughed at if you didnt mean to hurt me.只要你不是有意伤害我，我不介意被你嘲笑。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他似乎不介意被杰克一再愚弄。He_didnt_seem_to_mind_being_fooled_by_Jack_once_and_again.(2)无缘无故被惩罚，你不介意吗？Didnt_you_mind_being_punished_for_no_reason?3It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James.(p.21)用了半个多小时才把船划回到詹姆斯身边。It takes(sb.)time/money/energy to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间/金钱/精力It_took_them_a_long_time_to_be friends again after the quarrel.争吵之后他们花了很长时间才重新成为朋友。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)It_took_me_quite_a_long_time(我花了相当长的时间)to understand the meaning of the painting by Picasso.(2)It_will_take_the_scientists_two_years_or_so(科学家们将花两年左右的时间)to complete the project.用上述句型翻译下列小片段。张先生不介意把报告重写了十遍，他花了一个星期才把报告写完。感觉写得不错，他把报告发到了经理的邮箱。他正要回家时，电话响了。是经理的电话。经理说他决定用张先生的第一个报告。Mr.Zhang_didnt_mind_rewriting_the_report_for_ten_times_and_it_took_him_a_week_to_finish_the_report.Feeling_he_did_a_good_job，he_emailed_the_report_to_the_manager.He_was_about_to_go_home_when_the_telephone_rang.It_was_the_manager.who_told_him_he_decided_to_take_Mr.Zhangs_first_report. 表举例关系的连接词：for example，for instance，for one thing，for another，such as等。这类连接词表明下文将给出具体的例子。表解释说明关系的连接词：in other words，namely，that is等。这类连接词表明下文将对上文作进一步的解释说明，另外，诸如“：”和“”一类的标点符号也可以起到提示作用。表归纳总结关系的连接词：as a result，so，briefly，in short，in a word，in brief，on the whole，to sum up等。这类连接词表明下文将进行归纳或总结。【例】 It is right to be kind to other people.We should not hurt or frighten others.Rules help us live together in harmony，because they show us the right way to_others.AfollowBtreatCinstruct Dguide解析：归纳总结。上文论及的都是“对待他人”的方式。答案：B【例】 Red is used for signs of_，such as stop signs and fire engines.Aroads BplacesCdangers Dways解析：举例说明。such as后面讲到的都是危险信号。答案：C【例】 Have I given my readers all of the_，that is，fact，opinions that they need to understand my main idea?Ainformation BparagraphCevidence Dpassage解析：解释说明。that is后面的内容都与information有关。答案：A运用所学的解题技巧完成下列微型完形填空题。(一)However，nowadays complaining in a restaurant may get you looked at like you are a badtempered old man who is acting too honestly.“Just relax. Its no big deal, ” your friends may say. But here is the problem with that 1：if youre a customer at a restaurant, and the restaurant provides you with an obvious service failure，you are perfectly 2to complain.1A.caseBproblemCattitude D. restaurant解析：归纳总结。上文都与“态度”有关。答案：C2A.right BrudeCparticular Dsmart解析：解释说明。投诉劣质服务是完全正确的。答案：A(二)Kuhls previous studies show that between 8 and 10 months of age, monolingual (单语的) babies become1able to tell apart speech sounds of their native language.For instance, between 8 and 10 months of age babies exposed to English become better at noticing the2between r and l sounds.But at the same time their ability to tell sounds from a foreign language declines.1A.actively BunwillinglyCimmediately Dincreasingly解析：语义关联。答案：D2A.similarity BdifferenceCsecret Drelationship解析：举例说明。答案：B(三)It turned out that our entire class was angry or confused over the cameras.Out of a class of 18 students, 17 felt uncomfortable with the idea and decided to boycott(抵制) the room until the issue, and the students, were addressed.This was a difficult1as we were three months away from exams and we had five lessons a fortnight in the room.The student body was2and a petition (请愿书) gained over 130 signatures from Grade Six.1A.decision BthingCmatter Didea解析：与上文的decided属原词复现。答案：A2A.objective BnegativeCsensitive Dsupportive解析：解释说明。答案：D第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。(2020湖北卷)Hilversum is a mediumsized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland，the Netherlands.Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.Once called the Garden of Amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile(纺织) and media industries ，and modern architecture.In history，Hilversum was largely an agricultural area.Daily life was marked by farming，sheep raising and wool production.A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum.They built themselves large villas(别墅)in the wooded surroundings of the town.One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers，currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands.They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.The change to a media economy started in 1920，when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum.Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town.Television gave another push to the local economy.Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands，and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.In the early 1900s，modern architects WM.Dudok and JDuiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum.These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作)are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics. His masterpiece，Hilversum Town Hall，was built in 19281931.It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of“ blocks”Actually，one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the WM.Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.1Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that_Ait has a large populationBit is cut off from big citiesCit has many beautiful gardensDit is in a hilly area with sandy soil2What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?ABuilding a railway link to Amsterdam.BHelping its textile industry to develop.CConstructing large villas for the poor.DAssisting its agricultural industry.3The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of_Aa radio factoryBthe media capitalCa radio station Da TV station4What is known about WM.Dudoks Hilversum Town Hall?AIt consists of approximately 75 buildings.BIt looks like an open air museum in the city.CIt is a classic example in architecture textbooks.DIt has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材是文化风俗类。Hilversum是荷兰一个中等大小的城市，与其他荷兰城市不同，它拥有自己的特色，它的纺织行业、媒体行业和建筑行业非常闻名。1解析：事实细节题。根据第一段中的“Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.”可以看出，Hilversum与荷兰其他城市不同，它位于丘陵区域，这个区域的土壤中含沙较多。答案：D2解析：事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第三句“They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.”可知，这一家人到这里来有助于Hilversum发展纺织业。答案：B3解析：事实细节题。由第三段第一句可知，该地在1920年开始转向媒体经济，当时NSF在这里建立了一家无线电厂，故A项正确。答案：A4解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.”可以得知，这座建筑世界闻名，被纳入了很多建筑教材中，由此可推断出C项正确，在很多建筑教材中，这座建筑都被视为典范。答案：C第二节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。When our restaurant business failed，we headed north in a camping truck to Texas，hoping to have a “fresh start”At the _1_ of Palo Duro Canyon(峡谷) State Park，I _2_ a job advertisement hiring park hosts.The position offered a _3_，permanent campsite in the park，and _4_，the hosts served as a link between the parks guests and the rangers(护林人)It was the perfect solution：a rentfree place to reorganize our lives. We entered the park and I made an _5_ for the following day.The park was _6_，so it took us some time to find an available site.That evening，as we finished our dinner, my wife saw two large skunks(臭鼬)walking toward our table.We _7_ climbed onto the table and，for the next four hours，waited for them to _8_ our camp.Having survived that night，we were _9_ that everything else would be all right.The next day we met with the people who ran the park.They explained our _10_ and gave us a beautiful campsite.That evening，_11_，we learned about the canyon _12_. They were strong and cold，rocking our little camping truck violently，and we lay _13_ in the dark until the winds died away.14_ the weeks that followed，we learned to survive in our truck and _15_ the little money my wife _16_ by substitute teaching.Building a successful business and then losing it had left very little time for building a successful _17_For a time after our business _18_ I thought I might lose my family as well.Living in the tiny _19_ with no television，we sat close together reading and talking.One evening，standing under a jeweled sky，I found myself _20_ for all the hardships.We had walked the trails and climbed the canyon walls. We had become a family!1A.backBentranceCcentre Dedge2A.answered BnoticedCpublished Dsponsored3A.free BsafeCconvenient Dbeautiful4A.in return Bin turnCin short Din time5A.attempt BappealCagreement Dappointment6A.quiet BidealCcrowded Ddangerous7A.calmly BeventuallyCimmediately Drepeatedly8A.search BpassCleave Dattack9A.aware BconfidentCdetermined Dsatisfied10A.responsibilities BrequirementsCcircumstances Dconditions11A.meanwhile BthereforeCmoreover Dhowever12A.winds BsnowsCwoods Dtrails13A.aching BmourningCquarrelling Dshaking14A.After BBeyondCDuring D. Between15A.live on Bhand outCgive away Dput aside16A.raised B. postedCearned Dborrowed17A.image BfamilyCcareer Dbusiness18A.declined BexpandedCfailed Dstarted19A.camp BhouseCpark Dtruck20A.desperate BreadyCsuitable D. thankful语篇解读：本文为记叙文，题材为个人经历。文章讲述了餐馆倒闭后，作者全家去得克萨斯州开始新的生活的故事。在应聘“park host”一职后，一家人虽然生活比较艰难，但家人之间更亲密了。1解析：由该段最后一句中的“We entered the park”可知选B项。at the entrance of意为“在的入口处”。答案：B2解析：由语境可知我注意到了一则招聘广告。答案：B3解析：根据下文“a rentfree place to reorganize our lives”可知，选A。free在此处意为“免费的”。答案：A4解析：下文讲述了“the hosts”的职责，故选A项。in return意为“作为回报，作为报答”。答案：A5解析：根据下文第三段中的“The next day we met with the people who ran the park.”可知，我和公园的负责人见了面，而在见面之前应是先预约，故D项符合语境。make an appointment意为“预约”。答案：D6解析：根据下文“it took us some time to find an available site”可知，公园里的人很多，故选C项。crowded意为“人多的，拥挤的”。答案：C7解析：根据设空处前一句“那晚，当我们吃完饭，我妻子看到两只大臭鼬朝我们的饭桌爬过来”及后文“for the next four hours，waited for them to _8_ our camp”可推断，我们为了躲避臭鼬立刻爬到饭桌上面去，故C项符合语境。immediately立即，马上。答案：C8解析：我们等待臭鼬离开我们的营地。leave意为“离开”。答案：C9解析：熬过了那个晚上，我们相信其他一切事情会比较顺利的。confident有信心的，有把握的。答案：B10解析：他们给我们解释了工作职责，并给我们提供了一个漂亮的野营车位。responsibility意为“职责，责任”。答案：A11解析：下文描述了我们在营地生活的艰难，与上文构成转折关系，故D项符合语境。however意为“然而，不过”。答案：D12解析：由下文的描述特别是段尾的“winds”可知。答案：A13解析：由上下文语境，特别是“cold”，可知选D。shake在此处意为“发抖”。答案：D14解析：during在期间。答案：C15解析：live on靠生活。答案：A16解析：earn money挣钱。答案：C17解析：根据下文“I thought I might lose my family as well”可知选B。答案：B18解析：根据文章开头的“When our restaurant business failed”可知选C。答案：C19解析：根据上文15空前的“we learned to survive in our truck”和13空前的“our little camping truck”可知选D。答案：D20解析：由语境可知，虽然餐馆倒闭后生活很艰苦，但家人之间更亲密了。由此推断我很感激生活中遇到的艰难困苦，故D项符合句意。thankful for意为“感激”。答案：D第三节语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Mustafa Kemal Ataturk，the founder of the Turkish Republic，devoted April 23 to the children of the world，to stress that 1._ were the future of a nation. Since 1920，Turkey has been 2._ (celebrate)April 23 as National Sovereignty and Childrens Day.Childrens Day provides 3._unique opportunity to contribute to international peace and solidarity(团结)In Dubai over the last four years，4._ the help of the Consulate General of the Turkish Republic in Dubai，we have organized four 5._(success) charity celebrations to mark April 23 Childrens Day.Many international schools and performance groups of different countries in Dubai took part.We reached an audience of nearly 4，000 people and the 6._ (participate) of more than 50 different children performance groups，7._ more than 800 children.This year，I am 8._ (honor) to announce our fifth celebration happening today. The success of this event lies with the dedicated volunteer work of all organization 9._ (partner) as well as the generous donations of the sponsors. In order to support Dubai Autism Centers annual autism(自我中心主义)awareness campaign 10._ is organized for the whole month of April，it has been decided to donate the income of the event to the Dubai Autism Center (DAC)语篇解读：4月23日生活在迪拜的土耳其孩子们庆祝儿童节，这一天孩子们的演出让很多人脸上露出了笑容，给人们带来了快乐。1解析：考查代词。根据上下文语境可知，此处指前面提到的the children of the world，故用they。答案：they2解析：考查时态。根据时间状语Since 1920及空前的has been 可知应填celebrating来与has been一起构成现在完成进行时。答案：celebrating3解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“一个独特的机会”，表泛指，故用不定冠词；又因为unique以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。答案：a4解析：考查介词。with the help of为固定短语，意为“在的帮助下”。答案：with5解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰名词charity celebrations，故用success的形容词形式successful。答案：successful6解析：考查名词。根据语境及语法，此处与前面的an audience of nearly 4，000 people一起作reached的宾语，故用名词participation。答案：participation7解析：考查介词。根据语境可知此处需用介词including(包括)。答案：including8解析：考查非谓语动词作表语。be/feel honored to do sth.做某事感到很荣幸。答案：honored9解析：考查名词。由前面的限定词all可知，应用partner的复数形式。答案：partners10解析：考查定语从句。先行词为：Dubai Autism Centers annual autism awareness campaign，关系词在定语从句中作主语且指“事物”，故用that或which。答案：which/that第四节书面表达(2020陕西卷)假定你是李华，在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事。请阅读启事，并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。Volunteers WantedOur annual English Festival，which will be held on June 1517，2020，is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show, Speech Contest，and English Debate.If you are interested，please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshi.写作要点：1表达写信意图：2陈述应征目的；3说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。写作要求：1邮件词数不少于100；2开头和结尾部分已写好，不计入总词数；3可根据情况增加细节，使行文连贯；4不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。Dear Ms Chen，Im Li Hua，a student from Class 2，Grade 3._Looking forward to your reply.Yours truly，Li Hua答案：Dear_Ms_Chen，Im_Li_Hua，a_student_from_Class_2，Grade_3.Im writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because，by offering my service，I will be able to improve my organisational ability，communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.As an outgoing girl，I get along well with my classmates.Besides，I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.Successfully，I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class，which have been appreciated by both teachers and my classmates.I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.I will be grateful if you could g
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