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选修6Unit 5The power of nature要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1volcano n火山2erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发3alongside adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在旁边；沿着的边4appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n约定；任命5evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估6wave n波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手7absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地8suit n一套外衣；套装；vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的9potential n潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj.可能的；潜在的10actual adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地11shoot vt.射中；射伤shot n射击；枪炮声12anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的anxiously adv.不安地anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望13panic vi. & vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌panicked(过去式/过去分词)14diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的diversity n多种多样；多样性15appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏；感激16guarantee vt.保证；担保重点短语1be compared with.与相比2protect.from. 保护免受伤害3be appointed as 被委派为4burn to the ground 全部焚毁5be about to do sth. 即将做某事；马上就要做某事6make ones way 前往7be anxious about 对忧虑/不安8glance through 匆匆看一遍9vary from.to. 由到不等10give birth to 生产；产生重点句型1Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。2I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。3The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。4It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。高考范文(2020;2020北京)请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。In an English speech competition, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it._范文From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hardworking pencil. The compasses are big, drawing a circle with ease, while the pencil is small, drawing a line with great effort. I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better. At the same time, however, he should realize the pencil has his own advantages. The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses, even pictures. So in my opinion, while we are confident in ourselves, we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.考 点 探 究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n任命；约会appoint sb. to职位 任命某人担任某职位appoint sb. as.任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人做某事appoint a time/place for为约定时间/地点make an appointment约会；约定keep/break an appointment守(失)约即学即练1(1)The president _ a new director.总经理任命了一位新主任。(2)We _ him (_/_ _) chairman.我们选他担任主席。(3)The teacher _ me _ _ the roll.老师指派我点名。appointedappointedastobeappointedtocall(4)The time _ _ the meeting was 10：30.规定的开会时间是10点30分。(5)Ive _ _ _ _ _ a client and may not come back for supper.我和一个客户约了晚上见面，可能不会回来吃晚饭了。appointedformadeaneveningappointmentwith2suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜suit sth. to sth.使某物适合于另一事物be suited for/to.适合be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事即学即练2(1)Would it _ you to come at five?你五点钟来行吗？(2)If you want to go by bus, that _ me _.如果你想坐公共汽车，那对我很方便。(3)_ the punishment _ the crime, I say.喂，要按罪量刑。suitsuitsfineSuitto(4)He and his wife _ _ _ _ each other.他和妻子十分般配。(5)The house _ not really _ _ a large family.这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。arewellsuitedtoissuitablefor3anxious adj. 令人担心的，忧虑的，焦急的anxiety n. 焦虑；担心；渴望be anxious about 为某事忧虑、担心be anxious for 渴望某事be anxious to do 渴望，急于be anxious (for sb.) to do. 渴望(某人)做be anxious that 渴望即学即练3(1)Helen _ _ _ travelling on her own.海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。(2)Peggy _ _ _ _ that she can cope with extra responsibility.佩吉急切地想表明她能承担额外的职责。(3)Mary has _ _ _ your return.玛丽急切地盼你回来。isanxiousaboutisanxioustoshowbeenanxiousfor辨析：anxious/eager(1)anxious 强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安。(2)eager 强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思。4panic n. 惊慌，恐慌vi. 十分恐慌vt. 使恐慌 (panicked; panicked)be in (a) panic 在惊慌中be seized with a panic 惊慌失措a moment of panic 一时惊慌cause a panic 引起恐慌in a state of panic 惊恐之状panic over sth. 对某事感到惊慌panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促行动即学即练4(1)The crowd ran out _ _ _.群众惊慌失措地跑出去。(2)She _ _ _ _ when her teacher walked towards her.当她见到老师向她走来时，她变得惊慌失措。(3)The idea might _ the investors.这个想法可能会使投资者惶恐不安。inapanicgotintoapanicpanic5guarantee vt. 保证免受损失或伤害；确保n. 保证；保证书guarantee sb. against/from. 保证某人免受损害、危险等guarantee to do sth. 保证去做某事guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人担保/保证某事be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事give sb. a guarantee that. 向某人担保(be) under guarantee 在保修期内即学即练5(1)We cant _ the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.我们不能保证火车在雾天准时到达。(2)We _ _ _ within a week.我们保证一周内送到。(3)I _ _ Ill pay off the debt.我保证我会还清债务。guaranteeguaranteetodeliverthatguarantee(4)The watch comes _ _ _ _.这表保修一年。(5)Wealth is _ _ _ happiness.财富并不是幸福的保证。withayearsguaranteenoguaranteeof6burn.to the ground 全部焚毁burn down 把烧成平地，烧光；渐渐烧完，火力减弱burn up 烧起来，旺起来；烧尽，烧毁burn off 烧掉某物burn out 烧光，烧完burn away 逐渐烧完；烧光，烧毁burn.to death 烧死即学即练6(1)The house was _ _ _ _.那所房子被彻底焚毁了。(2)This exercise helps you to _ _ fat and tone muscles.这项锻炼有助于消耗脂肪，使肌肉强健。(3)Half the candle had _ _.那根蜡烛烧掉了一半。burnttothegroundburnoffburntaway7vary from.to. 由到情况不等vary in 在某方面不同vary from 不同于vary with 随变化vary ones life 使生活丰富多彩a variety of 不同种类的即学即练7(1)People vary very much _ their ideas.人们在观念方面大不相同。(2)They never vary _ the law of nature.他们从不违反自然规律。(3)The color of the leaves varies _ weather.叶子的颜色随着天气而变化。(4)These apples vary _ size _ small _ medium.这些苹果由小到中等大小不等。infromwithinfromto8make ones way 一路前进，向前feel ones way 摸索着前行fight/push ones way 推挤着前行wind ones way 蜿蜒向前force ones way out 挤出去；冲出去push ones way in 挤进去lose ones way 迷路inch ones way 缓慢前进pick ones way 谨慎前进find ones way 找到出路weave ones way 穿梭前进即学即练8(1)We _ _ _ down the hill towards the town.我们顺着山坡往下朝城里行进。(2)Gradually, Henderson began to _ _ _ in politics.亨德森逐渐在政界有所建树。(3)We _ _ _ in the forest.我们在森林里迷了路。madeourwaymakehiswaylostourway.重点句型详解1I was_about_to_go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。be about to do sth. when. 正要干这时I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正要出门，这时电话铃响了。The meeting was about to be held when it began to rain.会议正要开始，这时开始下雨了。拓展：表示将要发生的动作，除了用一般将来时外，还有以下常见的结构和时态：(1)be about to do 表示“即将(正要)做某事”，句中不再加时间状语，相当于 be on the point of doing sth.。(2)be going to do 表示事先经过考虑、打算去做某事或有明显的迹象要发生某事，它可用于条件状语从句中表示将来，而 shall/will 则不行。shall/will 可表示临时作出决定。(3)be to do表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作。(4)英语中 begin, come, go, leave, sail, start, arrive, return, end, open, close 等表示一个预计将要发生的动作或情况，可用一般现在时表将来。这一动作时间比较固定，基本已成为规律。(5)英语中 go, come, begin, start, leave, arrive, return, take off 等动词(词组)可用现在进行时代替将来时，表示一个预计将要发生的动作，这种用法要带一个表示将来的时间状语。即境活用1We were _ to go out for camping _ it began to rain.Ahardly; thanBaround; asCabout; when Dnearly; while解析：be about to.when. “正准备这时”，when作“这时”讲，它起并列连词的作用，连接两个并列的分句。答案：C2The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。句中this being.是独立主格结构。独立主格结构由“名词/代词形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/数词”构成，在句中可做条件状语、时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语等。I heard that she got injured in the accident, my heart full of worry.(表示结果)听说她在这场事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。The rain having stopped, he went out for a walk.雨停了，他出去散步。(表示原因)More time given, we should have done it much better.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。(表示条件)The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand.那位猎人手里提着枪走进了森林。(表示补充说明)Hundreds of people went out of the cinema, some in pairs, others alone.成百上千的人走出电影院，有的结伴而行，有的独自出来。(表示方式)提示：(1)独立主格结构一般用逗号同句子其余部分分开。(2)表示虚义的逻辑主语 it有时可以省略不写。(3)there be结构的独立主格结构是：there beingn.。(It) Being Sunday, there are no students in the school. 因为是星期天，学校里没有学生。There being another chance, he will try his best.假如再有一次机会，他会尽力而为。即境活用2(2020;2020山东)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March.Ahas been launchedBhaving been launchedCbeing launchedDto be launched解析：句中没有连接词，故不能用谓语动词；the most recent having been launched 为独立主格结构，由 at the end of last March 可知应用完成式。答案：B3It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people. 据说这个男孩子就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。It is said that. 据说It is reported that. 据报道It is believed that. 人们认为(1)以上结构中 it是形式主语，它所代替的是后面的 that引导的主语从句。以上结构均可转化为“主语be过去分词不定式”结构，其中不定式根据需要有时态和语态的变化。如：It is said that he has gone abroad.He is said to have gone abroad.据说他出国了。(2)有时以上结构还可转化为：“asbev.ed，主句”结构，或者“whatbev.edisthat从句”结构。如：It is known to all that China is a country with a long history.As is known to all, China is a country with a long history.What is known to all is that China is a country with a long history. 众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。即境活用3(2020;2020重庆)Leonardo da Vinci (14521519) _ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.Ais said to be buyingBis said to have boughtChad said to buyDhas said to have bought解析：考查 be said to do sth.这一结构。不定式动作发生在 be said 之前，所以要用不定式的完成式，所以答案为B。答案：B易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. fit/suit/match2. (1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适。3. (2)suit指衣服等颜色、款式、花样等适合。也指事物合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等。4. (3)match意为“使相称，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配。1. 应用1(1)Her clothes dont _ her age.2. 她的服装和年龄不相配。3. (2)The seven oclock train will _ us well.4. 七点钟那一班火车对我们很合适。5. (3)I tried the dress on but it didnt _. It was too small.我试穿了那件连衣裙，但不合身。它太小了。6. (4)Does this skirt _ me?7. 这条裙子我穿着好看吗？matchsuitfitsuit2. 独立主格结构的用法应用2(1)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day.Afinishing BfinishedChad finished Dwere finished解析：本题考查名词的独立主格结构。名词短语their lessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished。答案：B(2)Wow! It snowed last night. What a nice world!Youre right. But its more difficult to find my missing keys with snow _ the ground.Acovered BcoverCto cover Dcovering解析：本题考查with复合结构做宾补的非谓语动词形式。snow和cover在逻辑上是主谓关系，因此此处用现在分词。答案：D(3)He ran after the dog, _.Astick in his hand Bstick in handCa stick in his hand Dhaving a stick in hand解析：由“名词介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(物主代词或冠词)，但with的复合结构不受此限制。C项中缺少with，故可排除。B项是独立主格结构做伴随状语。答案：B(4)The boys were happily making a snowman, _ with cold.Atheir faces redBtheir faces were redCtheir faces turned redDtheir faces to be red解析：本题考查由“名词形容词”构成的独立主格结构做伴随状语。答案：A(5)He was so tired that he fell asleep quickly, the light over his bed _.Aburn Bwent onClighted Don解析：考查“名词副词”构成的独立主格结构做伴随状语。选项中，on为副词，表示“已连接，处于工作状态或使用中”。因此，此处应选D做伴随状语。答案：D高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1The match had to be c_ because of the bad weather.2My time is p_； I can only give you a few minutes.3She recognized the p_ for error in the method being used.4I think its an a_ mistake the way they treat that child.cancelledpreciouspotentialabsolute5The f_ of Rome are famed for their architectural beauty.6Its _ (保证) to rain when you want to go out.7The car drew up _(在旁) the pub.8The area is flooded, as frequently happens during the _ (台风)9After a long journey in this hot weather, I was_ (出汗) all over.fountainsguaranteedalongsidetyphoonsweating10She _ (颤抖) to think what might have happened to him.trembled .单项选择1People should spare no effort to protect the environment._ Air pollution, as is known to all, does harm to our health.AAll right. BWhy not?CGo ahead. DAbsolutely.答案：D解析：考查口语答语。由句意知应选D。“当然，对极了”，表示同意前者的观点。2Can you imagine a volcano _ suddenly before you?Oh, it must be terrible!Aerupted BeruptingCbeing erupted Dto be erupted答案：B解析：imagine 后接动名词的复合结构做宾语。3(2020;2020襄樊五中)Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?If you keep still, you can sit at _ end.Aneither BeachCeither Dany答案：C解析：either表示两者选一；each表示三者或三者以上的每一个；neither表示两者都不；any表示任何一个。4You can do it if you want to, but in my opinion its not worth the _ it involves.Aeffort BattemptCtrial Dstrength答案：A解析：effort “努力”。句意：“你要做的话你就去做，但是我认为你为此付出的努力是不值得的。”5Hearing a man following her, she _ and ran as fast as she could.Afeared BpanickedCafraid Dfrightened答案：B解析：panic 可用做不及物动词，表示“恐慌”。fear vt. 害怕；C项构成 be afraid of “害怕”；D项 frighten “使害怕”或 be frightened at “害怕”。6Try not to start every sentence with “the”. _ the beginnings of your sentences.AVary BDecorateCForm DDescribe答案：A解析：vary “变更，改变”；decorate “装饰，修饰”；form “形成，养成”；describe “描述”。7It is all agreed that a good education doesnt _ a good job.Aguarantee BresultCpromise Dpermit答案：A解析：句意为：大家一致认为良好的教育并不确保能得到一份好工作。8The ancient church was almost _ before the firefighters managed to control the big fire.Aburned down Bburned atCburned off Dburning up答案：A解析：从题意看“教堂几乎被烧毁”，可用 burn down或 burn up 表示此意。但D.burning up 语态不对。只有A适合题意。9(2020;2020上海春招)_ as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.ATo accept BHaving acceptedCTo be accepted DAccepting答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。语意：一项运动项目要想被认可为奥运项目，必须至少在四个大洲75个以上的国家开展过。动词accept的逻辑主语是a sport，它们之间为动宾关系，此处不定式to be accepted表示目的，符合语意。10I called the airline to _ my flight reservation a week before I left for Canada.Aappoint BobtainCconfirm Dadmit答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。由句意可知，我提前一周给航空公司打电话的目的是想确定一下我动身去加拿大的航班预订。appoint任命；obtain得到；admit承认；confirm确定。根据句意应选C。11_ was most important to her, she told me, was whether she could be admitted to a key university the next year.AIt BThisCAs DWhat答案：D解析：句意：她告诉我对她来说最重要的是她下一年能否被重点大学录取。what引导主语从句并在从句中做主语，其他三项无此功能。12(2020;2020北京海淀期末)Nearly half a million people are believed _ their homes as a result of the disaster.Ato leave Bto be leftCto be leaving Dto have left答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。语意：人们认为有近50万人由于灾害而离开了他们的家园。leave这个动作发生在are believed之前，因此非谓语动词应该用完成式，据此这里选D项。13He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.Aas BuntilCwhile Dwhen答案：D解析：考查 be about to do.when. “正要做某事的时候”。14As is well known, the Dragon Boat Festival and the custom of eating rice dumplings are _ to us Chinese.Atypical BuniqueCalone Dspecial答案：B解析：unique “独特的，是特有的”。typical “典型的”，搭配 of; alone 独自的；special 特别的，专门的。15_and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life.AHaving given up hope of cureBWith no hope for cureCThere being hope for cureDIn the hope of cure答案：B解析：本题考查独立主格结构。 A、D两项的结构放在原句中不合适，故首先排除；由句意“病人让医生帮助她结束她的生命”，可以判断出此处是对治愈没有希望，所以C也不对。 .阅读理解ABINGHAM REGIONAL COLLEGEInternational Students Orientation ProgrammeWhat is it?It is a course which will introduce you to the College and to Bingham. It takes place in the week before term starts, from 24th28th September, but you should plan to arrive in Bingham on the 22nd or 23rd September.Why do we think it is important?We want you to have the best possible start to your studies and you need to find out about all the opportunities that college life offers. It will enable you to get to know the college, its facilities and services. You will also have a chance to meet staff and students.How much will it cost?International students(NonEuropean Union students)For those students who do not come from European Union(EU) countries, and who are not used to European culture and customs, the programme is very important and you are strongly advised to attend. Becaust of this, the cost of the programme, without accommodation(食宿), is built into your tuition fees.EU StudentsEU students are welcome to take part in this programme without accommodation for 195.Accommodation costs(international and EU students)The cost of accommodation for one week is 165.If you have booked accommodation for the year ahead (41 weeks) through the college, you do not have to pay extra for accommodation. You can ask us to prebook accommodation for you one week only in a hotel with other International students.What is included during the programme?Meals: Lunch and an evening meal are provided as part of the programme. Please note that breakfast is not available.Information: including such topics as accommodation, health, religious matters, study skills, and other necessary information.Social activities: including a welcome party and a half day trip round Bingham.1Who are encouraged to attend the course according to the programme?AThose who are not familiar with their future college.BThose who are less prepared for their examination.CThose who want to improve their social lives.DThose who want to make up their missed lessons.答案：A2It is better for NonEuropean Union students to take part in the programme because _.Athey dont have to pay for the courseBthey can finish the programme in a shorter timeCit offers them opportunities to know more about European cultureDit is very easy for them to be accepted by the natives in Bingham3If a student plans to take the course, he has to arrive in Bingham at least _ days in advance before term starts.A2 B4C1 D64Which of the following might NOT be included in the program?ALearning how to study in the college.BLooking for a parttime job in the neighborhood.CTraveling around Bingham.DUnderstanding some taboo(禁忌) in European society.BWant to be a volunteer for the Beijing Olympics in 2020;2020? Recently, the recruiting started.The recruiting of Beijing Olympics Volunteer starts from Aug. 28, 2020;2020 to the end of March 2020;2020.Stage 1: Beijing VolunteersFrom August 28, 2020;2020, the program opens to applicants in Beijing (and Beijing only).Stage 2: China VolunteersFrom Dec. 2020;2020, people from outside Beijing can submit their application.Stage 3: Overseas VolunteersBy March 2020;2020, people from outside China (including in other countries) can apply for volunteering in the 2020;2020 Olympics.The programTravel, hotel are not provided. Only the working meal is available for volunteers (mak
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