江西省2020届高三英语二轮专项训练 阅读理解（45）

江西省2020届高三英语二轮专项训练：阅读理解（45）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项.AMillions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communicationhaving a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employers doctor didnt agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often1. People buy cell phones for the following reasons except that_.A. theyre popular B. theyre cheapC. theyre useful D. theyre convenient2. The world “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by_.A. cured B. removed C. discovered D. caused3. The salesman retired young because_.A. he disliked using mobile phonesB. he was tired of talking on his mobile phoneC. he couldnt remember simple tasksD. his employers doctor persuaded him to4. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies_.A. deny the existence of mobile phone radiationB. develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiationC. try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to healthD. hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about5. The writers purpose of writing this article is to advise peopleA. to buy mobile phones B. to update regular phonesC. to use mobile phones less often D. to stop using mobile phonesBIve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction（差别）and one practice that has helped my writing processes greatly. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us meet with. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to seize a fleeting(稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.The practice that can help you pass your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing”. In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that youve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.Instead of staring at a blank screen start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.6. When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” (Line 4, Para. 1) in the writing process, he means _.A. no one can be both creative and criticalB. they cannot be regarded as equally importantC. they are in constant conflict with each otherD. one cannot use them at the same time7. What prevents people from writing on is _.A. putting their ideas in raw formB. attempting to edit as they writeC. ignoring grammatical soundnessD. trying to capture fleeting thoughts8. What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?A. To organize ones thoughts logically. B. To choose an appropriate topic.C. To get ones ideas down. D. To collect raw materials.9. One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that _.A. it overstresses the role of the creative mindB. it takes too much time to edit afterwardsC. it may bring about too much criticismD. it does not help them to think clearly10. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. It introduces the authors writing method.B. It tells us something about the creative mind.C. It highlights (强调) the importance of critical mind.D. It shows the difficulties to write on the fly.CA woman from Japan was telling a friend about her trip to the United States. The woman had visited major businesses and investment companies in New York City and Chicago.“I studied English before I left home,” she said. “But I still was not sure that people were speaking English.”Her problem is easy to understand. Americans in business are like people who are in business anywhere. They have a language of their own. Some of the words and expressions deal with the special areas of their work. Other expressions are borrowed from different kinds of work such as the theater and movie industry.One such saying is “get your act together”.When things go wrong in a business, an employer may get angry. He may shout, “Stop making mistakes. Get your act together.”Or, if the employer is calmer, he may say, “Let us get our act together.”Either way, the meaning is the same. Getting your act together is getting organized. In business, it usually means to develop a calm and orderly plan of action.It is difficult to tell exactly where the saying began. But, it is probable that it was in the theater or movie industry. Perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a lot of mistakes. The director may have said, “Calm down, now. Get your act together.”Word expert James Rogers says the expression was common by the late 1970s. Mister Rogers says the Manchester Guardian newspaper used it in 1978. The newspaper said a reform policy required that the British government get its act together.Now, this expression is heard often when officials of a company meet. One company even called its yearly report, “Getting Our Act Together.”The Japanese visitor was confused by another expression used by American business people. It is cut to the chase.She heard that expression when she attended an important meeting of one company. One official was giving a very long report. It was not very interesting. In fact, some people at the meeting were falling asleep.Finally, the president of the company said, “Cut to the chase.”Cut to the chase means to stop spending so much time on details or unimportant material. Hurry and get to the good part.Naturally, this saying was started by people who make movies. Hollywood movie producers believe that most Americans want to see action movies. Many of their movies show scenes in which the actors chase each other in cars, or in airplanes or on foot.Cut is the directors word for stop. The director means to stop filming, leave out some material, and get to the chase scene now.So, if your employer tells you to cut to the chase, be sure to get to the main point of your story quickly.11. After the woman visited the Untied States she might feel that _.A. her English was poor B. Its easy to master EnglishC. its difficult to make money D. people there werent very friendly12. In which situation could the words “get your act together” be used?A. A task is completed successfullyB. Players perform badly in a match.C. Audience is satisfied with the actors performance in a movie.D. Visitors make a tiresome and unpleasant trip to someplace.13. According the text, the expression “get ones act together” _.A. was first used by a Japanese business womanB. was forbidden to be used in the government policyC. originally came from a yearly report of a companyD. was commonly read by readers in a newspaper in 1978.14. What do the sayings “get your act together” and “cut to the chase” have in common?A. Their uses B. Their meanings C. their origins D. their popularities15. The text is most likely to be found in a book about _.A. life attitude B. travel journalsC. language culture D. successful businessDThe battle for the leadership of Britains Labour Party ended on September 25. Five candidates competed for the top job, but it turned out to be a tale of two brothers. Victory went to Ed Miliband, 40, with his elder brother David, 45, coming a close second. Eds Milibands job will now be to try to lead his party back into power and oppose Prime Minister David Cameron.The two Milibands were both ministers in the Gordon Brown government. David Miliband, as Foreign Secretary, held the third most important post in UK politics. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton described him as “vibrant and attractive”. Ed, who had a lesser role in government as Minister of Climate Change, was valued for his contribution to policy discussions and for his performance at the Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change last December.The Miliband brothers were born to political parents. Their father, Ralph, was a Marxist scholar. He came to Britain from Belgium in 1940, fleeing the Nazis. Ralph Miliband was buried beside Karl Marx in Londons Highgate Cemetery（公墓）. His wife Marion, the brothers mother, remains an active party member at 76.The two brothers represent different wings of the Labour Party. David supported former Prime Minister Tony Blair; Ed was a follower of Blairs great rival Gordon Brown, the last Labour PM.“Were determined to make sure that family comes before politics, and I dont think theres any chance that politics is going to get in the way,” David Miliband said before the vote.After the result, the two embraced（拥抱） in front of the cameras.In his acceptance speech, Ed Miliband said to his brother: “David, I love you so much as a brother. And I have such extraordinary respect for the campaign that you ran.”But some feel their warm words were for the media and for the sake of party unity. There had been reports of anger on Davids part when his younger brother chose to stand against him. David may feel that the leadership was stolen from him-and by his own brother. Ed himself was reported to be concerned that he might have hurt David. According to the Guardian, after the result, Eds first reaction was: “what have I done to David?”Ed suggested that he was prepared to make his brother shadow chancellor（影子大臣）. But David has decided it is time to move on. He will not have a role in the Shadow Cabinet in the future.In effect, he has fallen on his sword for the Party. David Miliband said the priority（优先考虑的事）was to allow his brother to make a success of leading Labour: “I believe this will be harder if there is constant comparison with my comments and position as a member of the shadow cabinet（影子内阁）.”16. Ed Miliband became head of Britains Labour Party because _.A. he played an important role in the previous British government.B. his arguments at political discussions and his performance at an international conferenceC. Hillary Clinton thought highly of himD. his brother supported him both at home and politics.17. According to the passage, which is not true?A. Ed and David both worked in the government.B. Ralph Miliband came to Britain because of the Nazis.C. Tony Blair, Gordon Brown and David Cameron are all Labour Party Prime Ministers.D. David Miliband and Ed Milibands mother is still alive.18.What can be inferred from the passage?A. David Miliband and Ed Miliband fought against each other both at home and politics.B. Ed was concerned about Davids feelings after the election.C. David and Ed were born into a political family.D. David and Ed agreed with each other on most of the issues19.What does the underlined sentence mean?A. David accepted his brothers invitation to be a shadow chancellor.B. David was determined to fight against his brother.C. David was so upset that he would end his life with a sword for the Party.D. David refused his brothers offer for him to be a shadow chancellor.20. Which of the following can best describe the relationship between David and Ed?A. Brothers and political rivalsB. Partners in the political campaignC. Partners in public and enemy in privateD. Representatives of different wings of Labour PartyB C C D C D B C B AA B D C C B C B D A