裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第49课

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第49课裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第49课Lesson 49 The end of a dream美梦告终 How did the dream end? Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.参考译文德黑兰的一个人年轻人由于对睡地板感到厌倦，于是积蓄多年买了一张真正的床。他平生第一次自豪地拥有了一张既有弹簧又带床垫的床。由于天气很热，他便把床搬到了他的屋顶上。头两天晚上，他睡得非常好。但第三天晚上起了风暴。一阵大风把床从屋顶上刮了下来，把它摔碎在下面的院子里。那年轻人直到床撞到地上才醒了过来。尽管床摔成了碎片，但年轻人却奇迹地没有受伤。他醒来时，仍然躺在床垫上。年轻人看了一眼周围的碎木片和碎金属片，伤心地捡起了床垫，把它拿进了屋。他把床垫往地板上一放，很快又睡着了。一、 单词讲解New words and expressionstired adj. 厌烦的real adj. 真正的owner n. 主人spring n. 弹簧mattress n. 床垫gust n. 一阵风sweep v. 扫，刮courtyard n. 院子smash v. 碰碎，摔碎miraculously adv. 奇迹般地unhurt adj. 没有受伤的glance v. 扫视promptly adv. 迅速地tired adj.厌烦的/ tire v.使疲劳,疲倦 sth tires sb.某事令某人累Eg: The long class tires me.这么长的课使我很累。/ Working all day tires him.工作一整天使他很累。Talking to you tired me.跟你说话可真累啊。tire of sth 对某事感到疲倦 tire of doing sth tired adj. 厌烦的/疲倦的eg: Im extremely tired.我极度的疲倦/Im dead tired我累死了/Im tired to death.be tired of sb 对感到厌倦 be tired of sth/be tried of doing stheg: The young man was tired of sleeping on the floor.这个年轻人厌倦的睡在地板上了。/ Im tired of staying at home and doing nothing.我厌倦呆在家里面无所事事。be tired from+n./doing因而感到累的Eg: Im very tired from running as fast as I can.尽力快跑令我很累。be tired out 筋疲力尽 be exhausted eg: After the long walk, I was tried out.走了那么久的路之后我筋疲力尽了。tiring adj. 令人疲倦的/tired 感到疲倦的/tireless 不易疲倦的,精力充沛的eg: Thanks to your tireless efforts多亏你的不懈努力tiresome adj. 令人厌烦的,讨厌的,烦人的. troublesome, annoying eg: Selling your house can be a tiresome business.卖房子是一件很令人麻烦的事。/She is such a tiresome girl.她是一个如此讨厌的女孩。real1)adj真正的，衷心的，诚实的eg. Tell me the real reason 告诉我真正的原因。Is this real gold? 这是真金么？2)adj现实的，实际的，实质的反义词ideal，imaginary想象的，空想的A real experience 一次亲身的经历The real world 现实的世界Real wage 实际的工资really adv.实质上,实际上,真正的,的确,确定.realism n.现实主义reality n.现实,真实realist n.现实主义的作家,画家,现实主义者realistic adj.现实主义的realize v.认识到,意识到;实现realization n.希望,计划等的实现ownl) v.拥有 (have, possess)eg. Who owns this land? 谁拥有这块地？belong to某物属于某人（无被动，无进行时）2) v，承认，供认eg. She owned her weakness。 她承认自己的缺点。He owned to having told a lie 他承认说了谎。I own myself to be a loser 我承认自己是个失败者。3)adj， 自己的， 自己的东西my own idea 我自己的想法。with my own eyes 亲眼eg. Do so for your own sake 为了你自己就这样做吧。This bicycle is my own 这两自行车是我自己的。on one s own独自地(alone)the valentines day 情人节eg: He spent the valentines day on his own. /alone他独自过的情人节。He runs a factory on his own 他独自经营一家工厂。springl)n春天，春季例: If winter comes, can spring be far behind?如果冬大來了，春天还会远么？spring chicken 年轻人例: She is no spring chicken, is she?她不是年轻人了，不是么？2)n泉，泉水a hot spring 溫泉a mineral spring 矿泉3)n弹簧，发条a watch spring 表的发条spring mattress 弹簧床垫springy adj有弹性的，有弹力的a spring bed 有弹力的一张床gust1)n突然一阵狂风eg. The wind blew in gusts 刮起阵阵狂风。A gust of wind blew my hat off一阵风把帽子刮掉了。2)n感情的进发a gust of temper 大发脾气/hit the ceilingsweepl) v.扫,刮 (swept, swept)sweep the floorsweep the yardsweep the carpet例: Dont forget to sweep the kitchen clean.别忘了把厨房扫了。Its tiring to sweep all the rooms by myself.我一个人扫了所有的房间真的很累。clean清洁 sweep清洗 mop拖，擦 wipe擦拭scrub擦洗 wash 洗 polish擦亮2)v（借推力，流动力等强劲而不停地）带走或移走（某人或某物）例: She was swept along by the crowd.她被人群推着向前走。Many bridges were swept away by the floods.很多桥被洪水冲走了。The tornado swept through the village.龙卷风扫过这个村庄。Some awful news has swept the country.一些可怕的消息很快就传遍了全国。A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof.一阵风把床从床顶上掀了下来。sweeper n 打扫者，清洁工courtyard n院子，庭院，天井yard，courtcourt法院，法庭；宮廷，朝廷；球场tennis court网球场smash1)V （使某物）粉碎，破碎smash a window 把窗玻璃弄碎了smash all the furniture 砸碎家具eg. The bed was smashed to pieces 这张床被摔摔的粉碎She smashed (up) her new car in the fog.她在大雾里中把新车给撞毁了。terrorism恐怖主义例: We are determined to smash terrorism.我们决定粉碎恐怖主义.2)V打破smash a record 破记录3) v殴打eg: He wanted to smash the rude man with his fist.他起初想用拳头打这个粗鲁的人。smash：hit （演出等的）大成功/卖座（口）miraculously adv奇迹般地miracle n奇迹，惊人或以外的奇事例: The doctor said that her recovery was a miracle.医生说她的康复是个奇迹。Its a miracle that you werent killed in that car crash.在车祸中你没有丧生真是个奇迹。It will be a miracle if he can give up smoking.如果他能戒烟真是个奇迹。Pigs might fly.It was a miracle that the girl survived the plane crash.这个女孩在空难中幸存下来真是个奇迹。miraculous adj 奇迹般的make a miraculous recovery 奇迹般地康复hurt1)v (hurt, hurt)使（肉体或精神情感上）受伤，伤害eg. He felt hurt at your words你的话令他受伤害了。He jumped from the top of the wall and hurt his leg.My shoes hurt 我的鞋子穿了很疼2)n伤slight hurt 轻伤serious hurt重伤例: Did you suffer any hurt in the accident?在这次事故中你受伤了么？This failure was a great hurt to me.这次失败对我来说很人的打击。I mean no hurt to her feelings.我没打算伤伤害她的感情。injure v伤害（比hurt正式，指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的损失）eg. Drinking and smoking can injure ones health.喝酒和吸烟有害人的健康。harm v伤害（用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可以用于抽象事物，尤指不道德的事物）例: Dont harm your eyes. by reading in bed.别躺床上看书有害眼睛。We wont do anything that will harm the ca:ause of peace.我们不会做任何有损于和平的事。damage v损害（强调对于物的损害，强调对于价值，用途，外观等造成的损失）eg. He damaged my car with a stone他用石头砸坏我的车。Our Clavichord was damaged by a visitor.我们的古钢琴被顾客损坏了。wound V. 伤(强调枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤；特指告战场上受伤）例: That soldier was badly wounded in the war.那个士兵在战场上受伤很严重。glancel)v一瞥，看一眼glance atglance throughglance overglance round例: The old man glanced at the boy.这个老男人瞥了一眼这个小孩。He glanced through the newspaper/He glanced over the newspaper他扫了一眼报纸The teacher glanced round the classroom老师扫了一眼教室2)n，瞥见take a glance at the TV programsgive a glance at the TV programs 瞧一下电视节目promptly adv.Prompt adj即时的，迅速的，准时的without delay, punctuala prompt reply 迅速地回答make prompt payment 即时付款eg. He is prompt in paying his debts. 他还钱很快He was prompt to act 他迅速行动二、关键句型Key Structures主从复合句的语序主从复合句；用连词把一些有内在联系的简单句连在一起便组成了主从复合句，常见的连词有：when, until, after, as soon as , while, before；时间状语从句because，as，since；原因状语从旬to，in order to; 目的关系although;让步关系who，which，that定语从句主从复合句的语序l)He missed the train. He didnt hurry.He missed the train because he didnt hurry2)He ran fast He failed to win the raceThough (Although) he ran fast, he failed to win the race.3)1 was tired I went to sleep immediately.I was so tired that I went to sleep immediately4)My neighbor went to Tokyo for a holiday.He couldnt return home.He didnt have enough money.My neighbor, who went to Tokyo for a holiday , couldn t return home because he didnt have enough money.5) I went into the garden.I wanted to pick some flowers.I went into the garden so that I could pick some flowers6) I found the door unlocked.-I went into the kitchen.When I found the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.Finding the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.7)The city was destroyed during the war.It has now been completely rebuilt.Although it had been destroyed during the war, the city has now been completely rebuilt.Destroyed during the war, the city has now been completely rebuilt.三、课文讲解TextTired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.Tired of sleeping on the floor.Being tired of sleeping on the floor.（现在分词短语做）原因状语从句Because he was tired of sleeping on the floor.（还原成）原因状语从句save up攒钱（常与for连用）eg. We re saving up for a new car 我们在拦攒钱想买辆车。For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.Because the weather was very hot ,he carried the e bed on to the roof of his house.on to/onto （人和物）指改变高低位置的移动，通常指从地处到高处eg. The cat jumped on to (onto) the table.猫跳到桌子上去了。I climbed on to the window-sill 我爬到窗台上去。I drove on to the next town我开车去下一个城镇。He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.forfor the first timefor the first two nights在具体的某一天晚上，用介词onon the third nighton Sunday nightblow up1)（指暴风雨）出现并加剧，刮起eg. A storm blew up 起了风暴。2)（口）发脾气eg. Im sorry blew up at you 很抱歉，对你发火了。3)爆炸eg. The bomb blew up. 炸弹爆炸了。4)充气（轮胎，球）例: The tire is a bit flat; it needs blowing up.这个轮胎气不太足，需要打气了。A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.The young man did not wake up until the bed bad struck the ground.until/not-untiluntil:主句中动词为延续性动词not until:主句中动词为点动词（非延续性动词）例: I II wait for you until the end of time.我等你直到地老天荒。1 didnt realize that until you told me.直到你告诉我，我才意识到它。I won t stop shouting until you let me go.除非你让我走，否则我不停的喊。Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.bits of.碎片a bit of例: There are bits of broken glass on the floor.地上有碎玻璃片。a bit of news 一条新闻a bit of paper 一张纸eg. Wait(for)a bit 请等下He will be back in a bit 他很快就刚来了。metalCl/U金属a piece of metal 一块金属eg. Gold, silver and iron are all metals.金银和铁都是金属。Precious metals 贵重的金属lie around him 散落在周围After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.四、练习 Exercisesl) _the hot weather, he couldnt sleep indoors.A. Because B. As C. Because of D. For分析：ABD都能引导原因状语从句；只有C后面可以跟名词，表原因。 答案是：B2) Where was the courtyard?_A. Down C. Below B. Under D. Bottom分析：Aadv.向下，在下方；Bprep在下，下方；Cadv.在下面，低处正确；D，n底，底部。 答案是：C3)He glanced at the bits of wood and metalHe _the bits of wood and metal.A. looked quickly at B. had a glimpse ofC. stared at D. watched分析：A快看： B看一眼，瞥见； C盯着看； D观看。答案是：A4)Last year the advertising rate _by 20 percent.去年广告率增长了20%。A. raised B. aroused C. arose D. rose分析：A，及物动词，后面一定要接宾语；“提高：加（新税，价格等）”；B及物动词，“唤醒，唤起，激起（感情）”：C不及物动词，后面不能接宾语，（困难，问题，麻烦，新的局面等的）出现，产生：Drise的过去式，不及物动词，“起立，升起，上涨，增长等答案是：D五、复习ReviewKey Structure:主从复合句以及分词作状语的用法。例: Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for yrears to buy a real bed.Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him,the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his houseMain Points;be tired of.a gust ofa gust of windglance atsave up for.for the first timefor the first two nightsblow upnot.until六、补充内容谚语l) It is the last straw that breaks the camels back.在令人不快的事上或严峻的形势下，再加上一事终于造成失败。骆驼负载过重时，再加一根稻草也会把它压垮的。2) It never rains but it pours.祸不单行；坏事常常接踵而来。-