高中英语必修一 Unit Earthquakes

会计学1高中英语必修一高中英语必修一 Unit Earthquakes5.He b into the room without knocking. 6.Many men were (埋葬) underground when the accident at the mine happened. 7.It is an area where natural (灾 难) often happen.8.The firemen (援救) the boy from the burning house. 9.Teachers have (表达) concern about the emphasis on testing. 10.I (祝贺) them all on their results.urstburieddisastersrescuedexpressedcongratulated第1页/共77页.重点短语再现1. 结束；终结2. 照常3. 掘出；发现；找出4. 作为而闻名5. 被覆盖6. 轻视；看不起7. 为纪念8. 以为骄傲9. 分发，发出10. 从判断at an endas usualdig outbe known asbe covered bythink little ofin honour ofbe proud of give outjudge from第2页/共77页.典型句式运用1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。 句中looking for.是现在分词短语作 状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表 示的动作 。考点提炼伴随同时发生第3页/共77页2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.成千上万 个家庭遇难，许多孩子失去了父母。 此处leave表示“ ”， 其后通常接复合宾语，即宾语加形容词、过去分 词、现在分词、介词（短语）等作宾语补足语。考点提炼使处于状态第4页/共77页3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭 受破坏的幸存者建了住所。 是定语从句。关系代词whose引导定语从句时， whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。考点提炼whose homes had been destroyed第5页/共77页4.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队 组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。 the dead意为“ ”。“ ” 常表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词要用 形式。5.The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.当地震发生的时候，这个 人正在楼下睡觉。 此处when为并列连词，意为“ ”，前面分句常用 时态。考点提炼死者the+形容词复数考点提炼正在这时/那时进行第6页/共77页导练互动重点单词1.ruin In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin. 银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。 My new shoes got ruined in the mud. 我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。ruins第7页/共77页归纳总结ruin 。be in ruins成为废墟be the ruin of成为毁灭（堕落）的原因bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使倾家荡产come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉n.毁坏；毁灭；崩溃；v.（使）破产；（使）堕落，毁灭第8页/共77页易混辨异destroy,ruin,damage,break,spoil(1)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。（2）ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。（3）damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。第9页/共77页（4）break是“破坏，打破，打碎”的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。（5）spoil破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。第10页/共77页即学即用（1）大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。 The heavy rain . （2）多年的战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。 Years of fighting has left Iraq .ruined our holidayin ruins第11页/共77页2.injure Twothirds of them died or were during the earthquake.(回归课本P26) 易混辨异 hurt,injure,harm,wound (1)hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感 情上的伤害；作不及物动词，意为“（身体某部 位）疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与 badly,slightly,seriously等连用，但若指精神 上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。injured第12页/共77页（2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。（3）harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。（4）wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。第13页/共77页即学即用（1）在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18 人重伤。 In the coach crash 10 people died and 18 . （2）在战争中，受伤的远比死亡的人多。 In a war there are than killed. （3）不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。 Dont by reading in dim light.were seriously injuredmany more woundedharm your eyes第14页/共77页3.burst In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of applause. 在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队队员的精彩表现 赢得了阵阵掌声。 She was bursting to tell him the good news. 她急不可待要把好消息告诉他。burst第15页/共77页归纳总结burst 。burst out突然迸发；爆发burst out doing sth.（=burst into+n.）突然起来be bursting to do sth.渴望；急着要做（某事）burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支vt.& vi.（使）爆裂；（使）裂开；（使）炸开；突然出现；爆发；n.突然破裂；爆发第16页/共77页即学即用（1） John working hard his lost time,his mother burst laughing. A.Seen;to keep up with;into B.Seeing;to make up;out C.Having seen;to catch up with;into D.On seeing;to make up for;out（2）She into tears the moment she knew she had failed that exam. A.burst B.broke C.shocked D.criedDA第17页/共77页4.shock People were .(回归课本P26) 观察思考 I was shocked at the news of her death. 我听到她的死讯十分震惊。 I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。 The news of his death was a shock to us. 他的死讯令我们震惊。shocked第18页/共77页归纳总结shock 。with/from shock由于震惊a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故come as a shock to sb.令某人大吃一惊in a state of shock惊魂未定suffer from shock休克be shocked at对感到吃惊be shocked to do深感意外地去做n.打击；震惊；vt.& vi.使震惊；使惊愕；使触电第19页/共77页即学即用（1）他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。 The news of his wifes death was him.（2）看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。 He her smoking.a terrible shock towas shocked at第20页/共77页5.judge Your speech was heard by a group of five ,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(回归课本P30) 观察思考 We judge that he is the best candidate. 我们认为他是最佳人选。 The judge demanded silence in the courtroom.法官要求法庭上要安静。judges第21页/共77页归纳总结judge 。(1)judge sb./sth.from/by.从来判断judge between right and wrong判断是非as far as I can judge据我判断，我认为judging by/from从上看；根据判断Dont judge a book by its cover.勿以貌取人；勿只凭外表判断。(2)Judgement n.判断；审判；意见；判断力in ones judgement依某人看来，按某人的看法v.断定；判断；判决；n.裁判员；法官；评判员第22页/共77页即学即用（1）我不能断定他是对还是错。 I whether he is right or wrong.（2）由天色看来，可能会放晴。 ,it may clear up.cant judgeJudging from the look of the sky第23页/共77页重点短语与句型6.at an end It seemed as if the world was ! (回归课本P26) 观察思考 The war was at an end.战争结束了。 Everything between them was at an end. 他们之间的一切都已结束。at an end第24页/共77页归纳总结at an end意为： 。come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语）bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止at the end of在尽头（末）（指时间或空间）by the end of到末为止（与现在完成时连用）by the end of last.（与过去完成时连用）by the end of next.（用于将来完成时）in the end最后，终于（作状语）on end连续to the end到底without end没完没了的结束，终结第25页/共77页即学即用（1）这一年已到年终了。 The year is .（2）会议结束了。 The meeting .at an endcame to an end第26页/共77页7.the number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (回归课本P26) 观察思考 The number of the students standing outside is about twenty. 有大约20个学生站在外面。 The number of students from the north is small. 来自北方的学生人数很少。The number of第27页/共77页归纳总结the number of意为： 。表示“许多，若干”的短语：（2）many a+(single)n.+单数谓语动词的数量（1）a large/great/good number ofa great/good manya good few/quite a few+(pl.)n.（3）a great/good deal ofa great/large amount ofquite a little+Un.第28页/共77页注意 （1）a number of+(pl.)n.作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多，大量”。(2)the number of+(pl.)n.作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“的数量”。(3)large quantities of+(pl.)n./Un.作主语，谓语动词用复数。a lot of/lots ofa great/large quantity oflarge quantities ofplenty of（4）+(pl.)n./Un.第29页/共77页(4)large amounts of+Un.作主语，谓语动词用复数。A number of problems have arisen.已经出现了一些问题。We have had an enormous amount of help from people.我们得到了人们的大力帮助。第30页/共77页即学即用（1） children whose parents had died in the earthquake sent to live with families in other cities. A.A great number of;was B.A great number of;were C.The great number of;was D.The great number of;wereB第31页/共77页（2）The number of students in our school about 30,000 and them study hard. A.is;a large amount of B.are;a number of C.are;large amount of D.is;a large number ofD第32页/共77页8.give out .gas that hot water (回归课本P28) 观察思考 Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street. 学生们在向街上每一个人发传单。 The red radiator gives out a lot of heat. 那个红色的散热器放出大量的热。 My money will give out soon.我的钱快要用光了。gives out第33页/共77页归纳总结give out意为： 。give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露give back归还；恢复give off发出，放出give over停止，中止give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向give up放弃用完；发出，分发第34页/共77页即学即用（1）The gas gave an unpleasant smell. A.off B.in C.up D.away（2）Dont mention that at the beginning of the story,or it may the shocking ending. A.give away B.give out C.give up D.give offAA第35页/共77页9.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井的井壁上 有深深的裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家 大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。 典例体验 reply,he stared at the floor.他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。 It is never give up our prejudice.抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。Too nervous totoo late to第36页/共77页归纳总结too nervous to eat意思为“ ”。其中的too.to.结构，表示“太以致于不”。关于too.to.句式的用法：（1）too.to.太以致于不（2）too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too.to.,意为“并不太所以能”。It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，未为晚也。（3）too.to.前面有only,but,all时，only too,but too和all too相当于very,后面的不定式也表示肯定。太紧张而不能吃东西第37页/共77页Im only too pleased to help you.很荣幸能帮助你。We shall be only/but too delighted to have you with us.能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。（4）当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾向等的形容词（如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。He was too eager to know the result of his examination.他迫切想知道考试的结果。第38页/共77页即学即用(1)The box was (太 重了，我搬不动). (2)Im (太累了，什么也想不起来) now.(3)I am (想作一次环球旅行).too heavy for me to lifttoo tired to think of anythingtoo eager to travel around the world第39页/共77页10.It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！ 典例体验 they know what theyre doing. 他们好像知道他们正在做什么。 The whole house to be empty. 整座房子似乎空荡荡的。It seems thatseemed第40页/共77页归纳总结It seems (to sb.) that/as if.意为： ，as if后边可用 语气。seem to be/like+n.似乎，好像seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像正在做/已经做了某事seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是There seems to be.好像有（对某人来说）似乎虚拟第41页/共77页即学即用（1）他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。 they would get married. （2）我大概把书忘在家里了。 my book at home.It always seemed as ifI seem to have left第42页/共77页11.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚 些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震 在唐山爆发了。典例体验 He doesnt speak English you. 他的英语说得不如你流利。 I got up my father did this morning. 今天早上我和父亲起得一样早。as/so fluently asas early as第43页/共77页归纳总结本句的 属于“as.as”结构，两个as的词性不一样，所以它们后面所跟的结构亦不一样。第一个as是副词，所以后面跟的是形容词或副词的 ，第二个as是连词，所以后面常跟名词、代词或从句。其否定形式为 ,意为“ ”。注意 （1）第一个as是副词，如果后面接单数名词，要用“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as.”结构。John is as kind a student as me.约翰和我一样是个心地善良的学生。as strong as the first one原级not as/so.as不如第44页/共77页（2）as.as用来表示倍数的结构为“A is.times as.as B”，意为“A是B的几倍”。This playground is three times as big as that one.这个操场是那个操场的三倍大。第45页/共77页即学即用（1）It is reported that the US uses energy as the whole of Europe. A.as twiceB.twice much C.twice much asD.twice as much（2）Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight. A.so useful a way B.as a useful way C.as useful a way D.such a useful wayDC第46页/共77页1.利用派生法，品句填词(1)The of the island is by the unwise .(govern)(2)Do you know why the May 4th broke out? Sorry,I dont know.Because at that time my family from Beijing to Hong Kong.(move) (3)The news caused great among her friends when she told them .(excite)governmentgovernedgovernorMovementmovedexcitingexcitementexcitedly品味构词第47页/共77页串联扩展 动动 词词 后后 缀缀 名名 词词argue argue 争论争论 -ment -ment 争吵，争论争吵，争论state state 陈述陈述statementstatementagree agree 同意同意agreementagreementdepart depart 离开离开 部门部门appoint appoint 委派委派appointmentappointmentannounce announce 宣布宣布announcementannouncementsettle settle 定居定居 定居定居argument陈述,声明协定约会,确定宣告,公示settlementdepartment第48页/共77页2.利用转化法,品句解词 (1)On arrival at the station,I always beside the newspaper .(2)Just now I nothing but a in his hand. (3)She that she must have left her bag on the train for some .standstand站立,动词；摊位,名词sawsaw看见,动词;锯,名词reasonedreason判定,断定,动词;原因,名词第49页/共77页 动动 词词 名名 词词flyflyflyflymatch match 相配相配matchmatchsetset放，摆放，摆setsetgogo走，行走，行gogoswallow swallow 吞，咽吞，咽swallowswallowfacefacefaceface脸脸飞苍蝇面临火柴,比赛套，副轮到的机会燕子第50页/共77页考题回扣【例1】Whenever I met her, was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile. （山东高考） A.who B.which C.when D.that 解析 此处考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。 句意为：无论何时我遇见她，她都会一如既往地 向我微笑。 课文原文 It was felt in Beijing, is more than two hundred kilometres away.whichB第51页/共77页【例2】A person e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. （天津高考） A.whoB.whom C.whoseD.whoever 解析 e-mail account前缺少定语，故用whose 引导定语从句，相当于the e-mail account of whom。 课文原文 Workers built shelters for survivors homes had been destroyed.whoseC第52页/共77页【例3】 ,you need to give all you have and try your best. （辽宁高考） A.Being a winner B.To be a winner C.Be a winner D.Having been a winner 解析 句意为：为了成为赢家，你要付出你的所 有并全力以赴。所以空格部分在句中应作目的状 语，故要用动词不定式。 课文原文 Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan .to help the rescueworkersB第53页/共77页【例4】The way the guests in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. （北京高考） A.treated B.were treated C.would treat D.would be treated 解析 由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动 作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。客人是“受到 对待”，故用被动语态。 课文原文 Thousands of families and many children without parents.were killedwere leftB第54页/共77页【例5】I can be a teacher.Im not a very patient person. （湖南高考） A.seldomB.ever C.neverD.always 解析 根据后置语境Im not a very patient person.可知，前句句意应为：我永远不会成为一 名老师。表示全部否定含义用never。 课文原文 Tens of thousands of cows would give milk again.neverC第55页/共77页自主检测.品句填词1.The fish must go bad,for it is s .2.The two countries were separated by a c . 3.Water can be turned into s when heated.4.After the earthquake,the whole city was in r .5.An accident happened.Luckily,nobody was i .mellyanalteamuinsnjured第56页/共77页6.There was no s in the air crash.7.The workers made great efforts to r the people who were trapped underground.8.Because of the global warming,there are more and more natural d .9.The students in our school have o many clubs for themselves.10.The air in the countryside is much f than that in the city.urvivorescueisastersrganizedresher第57页/共77页.短语运用1.If war breaks out,we shall be called up .2.The express train arrived on schedule .3.He my suggestion,which made me a bit upset. 4.Our company its reputation for fair dealing.right away,think little of,as usual,giveout,be proud of,in ruinsright awayas usualthought little ofis proud of第58页/共77页5.The news of the Presidents death in a radio broadcast.6.The house was .Fortunately,nobody was hurt.wasgiven outin ruins第59页/共77页.完成句子1.Death finally (结束了她的痛苦).2.They (避雨) under a big tree. 3.He (被评为) the best actor of this year. 4.The foreign visitors (非常高兴有机会) to visit the Great Wall.5.What a noise!I can hardly stand it. It (好像他们在开晚会) next door.brought an end to her sufferingtook shelter from rainwas judged to beare only too glad tohave the opportunityseems as if they are having a party第60页/共77页6. (无论他们在哪儿出 现),they met with strong protests.7. (在城镇的北边) stood a leaning tower in the past.8.A memorial meeting was held (为了纪念这位伟大的作家).9. (有三分之二的人伤亡) during the Wenchuan earthquake. 10.But the one million people of the city, (对这 些征兆满不在乎),went to bed as usual that night.Everywhere they appearedTo the north of the townin honour ofthe great writerTwo-thirds of the people died or wereinjuredwho thought little of these events第61页/共77页.单项填空1.Believe it or not,Lilys sister crying when we were eating. A.burst onB.burst in C.burst outD.burst into 解析 burst out+v.-ing意为“突然起 来”，而burst into+n.意为“突然开始”。 burst on突然出现；burst in闯进；突然闯入。 句意为：信不信由你，我们吃饭时莉莉的妹妹突然 哭了起来。由句意及burst out的用法可知正确答 案为C项。C第62页/共77页2.The two ladies are of the same age,but it looks as if one ten years older than . A.is;other B.was;another C.were;other D.were;the other 解析 考查虚拟语气及代词的用法。从句表述的 内容与现在的事实相反，因此，要用虚拟语气， be动词要用were;两者中的另一个应该用the other。D第63页/共77页3.I received his mothers phone call at ten.Only then did I know that he was badly in an accident the day before yesterday. A.hurt B.injured C.harmedD.wounded 解析 意外受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟， 我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前 天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。B第64页/共77页4.Lets our glasses and drink our friendship. A.rise;forB.raise;to C.rise;withD.raise;/ 解析 第一空由后面的our glasses可知要选用及 物动词raise;drink to sth.为干杯。句意为： 让我们举起杯子为我们的友谊干杯。B第65页/共77页5.It is for us to deal with. A.an enough difficult situation B.such a difficult situation C.too difficult a situation D.so difficult a situation 解析 考查too.to结构，too是副词，后接形容 词或副词。句意为：这个情况太难应付了，我们 应付不了。C第66页/共77页6.He was lucky in the accident,but his car is under repair. A.destroyedB.ruined C.damagedD.hurt 解析 damage一般指破坏后可以修复；destroy指 彻底破坏，无法修复或很难修复；ruin指毁坏， 其使用价值发生变化，与本题语境不符；hurt指 身体或精神上的伤害。故正确答案为C项。C第67页/共77页7.The boys, could not reach the shelf, went to look for something to stand on. A.the tall of whom B.the tallest of whom C.the tallest one D.the tallest of them 解析 由句子结构可知，两个逗号之间为一个非 限制性定语从句，故排除C、D，三者及三者以上 当中最高的一个要用最高级，故选B项。句意为： 这些男孩子中最高的一个都不能够到那个书架， 于是他们去寻找其他的东西来站立。B第68页/共77页8.I passed the driving test! ! A.Congratulation B.Congratulations for you C.Congratulations D.Congratulation on you 解析 得知对方成功的消息时，应向他表示祝 贺，此时可用省略形式congratulations，也可以 用congratulations on sth.。句意为：我通 过驾照考试了！恭喜恭喜！C第69页/共77页9.I was about to a match when I remembered Toms warning. A.rub B.hit C.wipe D.strike 解析 strike a match划火柴。尽管rub有“摩 擦，擦”之意，但它不能和match搭配使用。句意 为：我正要划火柴，这时我突然想起了汤姆的警 告。D第70页/共77页10.When I was in danger,a bright idea suddenly to me. A.happenedB.hit C.struckD.occurred 解析 考查动词用法辨析。sth.occur to sb.某 人突然想到某事。hit作“使突然想起”解时，相 当于strike，后面直接跟宾语sb.;sth.happen to sb.某人碰巧发生某事。句意为：在我处于危险中 时，我突然想到一个不错的主意。D第71页/共77页11. the rockets coming into being,the Space Age began, China is sure to play an important role. A.As;whenB.With;at which C.With;in whichD.As;while 解析 第一个空考查with复合结构，若填as, coming应改为came;第二个空考查非限制性定语从 句，先行词为the Space Age，从句中有词组play a role in故空格处应填in which。C第72页/共77页12.The exam was easy,wasnt it? Yes,but I dont think could pass it. A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody 解析 not.everybody为部分否定，意为 “并非每个人”，与but引导的转折关系的从 句相符。D第73页/共77页13.Did Henry paint the whole house himself? He because he doesnt like to climb a ladder. A.hadnt painted it B.had it painted C.had painted it D.painted it 解析 由句意“因为他不喜欢爬梯子”可 知“他让别人刷的房子”。have sth.done指主 语请/让别人为自己做某事。B第74页/共77页14.The new film Lady Cop & Papa Crook(大 搜查) starred by Hong Kong actress and singer Sammi Cheng (郑秀文) attracted viewers. A.many ofB.the number of C.large numbers of D.a large amount of 解析 large numbers of=a large number of大 量的，许多的，修饰可数名词复数。C第75页/共77页15.After visiting China,most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time they had spent in China. A.that B.what C.whenD.at which 解析 考查定语从句。spend为及物动词，缺少 宾语，故应选关系代词that作宾语以代指先行词 time。A返回第76页/共77页