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aesthetic美观alveolar牙槽骨resistancetounwantedtoothmovementcausedbythereactivecomponentofananchorageorthodonticforce;refersalsototheintra-andextraoralstructuresthatsupplytheresistanceAnglesclassificationofadefinitionofmalocclusionbasedontherelationshipsofthefirstpermanentocclusionmolarsangulationthetiltofthelongaxisofatoothinamesialordistaldirection;seeinclinationAnkylosedPrimaryTeeth乳牙粘连anteriorcrossbiteoneormoreteethinthemaxillaryanteriorsegmentislingualtooneormoreoftheopposingteethinthemandibularanteriorsegmentinmaximumintercuspationanteriorsegmentallofthecanineandincisorteethinagivendentalarchthedistancefromthemesialcontactofonefirstpermanentmolartoitsantimereasarchcircumferenceormeasuredthroughthecontactpointsorbuccalcusptipsofalloftheinterveningarchperimeterteeth,ignoringthoseteeththataremalpositionedorblockedoutsothatthemeasurementrepresentsanidealarchform;seearchlengtharchdepththeperpendiculardistancefromapointbetweenthecentralincisorstoalineconnectingthemesialcontactsofthefirstpermanentmolars;seearchlengtharchlengthsameasarchdepth;butnotethatarchlengthisoftenusedasasynonymforarchcircumferenceorarchperimeterarchwireawireappliedtotwoormoreteeththroughfixedattachmentstocauseorguideorthodontictoothmovementattachedlingualfrenum舌系带过短bandacircularmetalstripthatisadaptedtofitcloselyaroundatooth;variouscomponentsofanorthodonticappliancemaybeweldedorsolderedtoitbase,bracketthepartofabracketthatisattachedeithertoametalbandorbondingpadBeggapplianceBegg矫治器bimaxillaryboththeupperandlowerjawblockedoutatooththatispositionedawayfromitsproperpositioninthedentalarchduetoinsufficientspacebodilymovement整体移动BoltonanalysisbondedlingualretainerbondingpadBolton指数分析舌侧粘结式保持theretentiveportionofafixedorthodonticattachmentwhichlocksitmechanicallytothebondingmaterial;thepadusuallyhasafinemeshsurfaceashortskull,withacranialindexof80ormore;seecranialindexThisterm,orabrachycephalicvariantbrachyfacial,issometimesusedtodescribeashort,wideface,properlyreferredtoaseuryprosopic.bracketametal,plastic,orceramicfixedattachmentwhichholdsanarchwirebuccalsegmentallofthepremolarandmolarteethinagivenquadrantafixedattachmentwhichisopenonlyateachend.Tubesmayberoundorrectangularincrosssection;roundtubesareusually.045inchesindiametertobuccaltubereceiveauxiliariessuchasafaceboworlipbumper,rectangulartubesareeither.018x.025or.022x.028inchesinordertoreceivearchwiresandgenerallyareplacedonthemostdistalmolartoothintheappliance.Ccamouflagedorthodontic掩饰性正畸治疗treatmentCastAnalysismodel模型分析analysiscenterofresistance阻抗中心centerofrotation旋转中心CephalometricsX线头影测量cervicalheadgear颈牵引chiefcomplaint主诉chin-cup颏兜Cleftjawandface颌、面裂Cleftlipandpalate唇、腭裂ClinicalExamination临床检查combinationheadgear联合（水平）牵引condylar髁突Continuousforce持续力correctiveorthodontics一般性矫治craniofacialgrowthand颅面生长发育developmentcrowdingorspacing拥挤和间隙curveofSpeeSpee曲线EdDelayedIncisorEruption切牙迟萌dentalage牙龄dentalhistory牙科病史dentofacialorthopedic牙合面矫形Diagnosisandtreatment诊断和治疗计划planningdifferentialtooth差动牙移动movementEEctopicEruption异位萌岀edgewiseappliance方丝弓矫治器Enameldemineralization釉质脱矿extraoralorthodonticforce口外正畸力extraoralorthopedicforce口外矫形力extrusion伸长鹘Ffixedappliance固定矫治器fixedretainingappliance固定保持器%Gingivitis牙龈炎Handwristx-ray手腕骨X片harmony平衡HawleyretainerHawley保持器Headcap头帽Heredityandenvironment遗传和环境high-pullheadgear高位牵引Idealnormalocclusion理想正常合IdiopathicRootresorption特发性吸收implantanchorage种植支抗impressiontaking取模Individualnormal个别正常合occlusionInterceptiveorthodontics阻断性矫治intermaxillaryanchorage颌间支抗Intermittentforce间歇力intramaxillaryanchorage颌内支抗intrusion压低Invisalign无托槽隐形矫治器KJjobmodel工作模型叽Leewayspace替牙间隙Mmalocclusion错合畸形MandibularDeficiency上颌发育不足MaxillaryExcess下颌发育过度MaxillaryMidline上中切牙间隙Diastemamechanicalretention机械保持medicalhistory医学病史MinimalRootresorption微小性吸收minortooth小范围牙移动movement(MTM)MixedDentition混合牙列，替牙合molarrelationship磨牙关系氏Nnatureretetion自然保持obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征OSAHSopenbite开合optimalorthodonticforce最适矫治力oralexamination口腔检查Oralhealtheducation口腔健康教育oralhygieneintroduction口腔卫生指导orthodonticforce正畸力Orthodontics口腔正畸学OrthognathicSurgery正颌手术orthopedicforce矫形力overcorrection过度矫正PalatalExpansion腭开展Patternofgrowth生长型Periodontitis牙周炎PermanentDentition恒牙合permanenttooth恒牙Plaque菌斑positioner正位器Post-operative术后正畸orthodonticsPreoperativeorthodontics术前正畸Preventiveorthodontics预防性矫治PrimaryDentition乳牙合primarytooth乳牙Primatespace灵长间隙ProgressiveRoot进行性吸收resorptionRrelapse复发Remodelingand改建和位移translationremovableretaining活动保持器applianceRetetion保持rotation旋转sself-ligationbracket自锁托槽serialextraction序列拔牙Sixkeystonormal正常合六项标准occlusionskeletalage骨龄skeletalmalocclusion骨性错合畸形Spaceanalysis间隙分析spaceavailable可用间隙spacerequired必需间隙stable稳定straightwireappliance直丝弓矫治器studymodel记存模型、研究模型SupernumeraryTeeth多生牙暂时性错合颞下颌关节错合畸形的患病率颅面三维结构复合体三维数字化重建吮指习惯萌岀时间和顺序轴倾角倾斜移动转矩角上颌横向狭窄FTTemporarymalocclusioninmixeddentitionTemporomandibularjointstheincidenceofmalocclusionthree-dimensionalcomplexofcraniofacialstructurethree-dimensionaldigitalreconstructionthumbsuckingTimeandsequenceoferuptiontiptippingmovementtorqueTransverseMaxillaryConstriction斤WWireBending弓丝弯制
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