2022年高考英语二轮总复习 第25讲 短文改错学案

2022年高考英语二轮总复习 第25讲 短文改错学案 1. 树语篇概念为第一要务短文改错不同于单句改错，它每一句的语义表达、结构选择都受上下文制约。如动词时态的选择、代词的指代功能等都要依照上下文的线索进行判断。解答短文改错分3个步骤：(1) 从语篇角度入手，读懂中心：考生要从整体上把握全文，明确文章的题材，理解作者的意图及语境。(2) 从句法行文入手，理清脉络：通读全文，了解文章大意、写作方式之后，应把注意力集中于句子层次上，判断句子的表达是否符合行文逻辑。从历年高考来看短文改错绝大多数题目属于句子层次问题，所以，对句子结构正确与否、前后文是否互相关联的审查是关键的一步。(3) 从语法结构入手，改正错误：除去句法问题、行文逻辑问题之外，大约还有一半错误属于语法错误。根据语法规则改正错误。2. 寻命题规律，知解题技巧在读懂整篇内容的基础上，逐句寻查错误，可集中于以下4点： (1) 看上下文的逻辑是否合理； (2) 看句子结构是否完整； (3) 看各种词类是否正确：主谓是否一致，时态语态是否正确，冠词、代词、连词、关系代词和关系副词、名词的数与格、介词、形容词、副词使用是否得当； (4) 看文中的习惯用法、固定搭配是否准确。(xx浙江卷) 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线， 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处， 多者 ( 从第11处起 ) 不计分。 It was very nice to get your invitation to spend the weekend with you. Luckily I was_am pletely free then, so Ill to say “yes”， Ill arrive in Bristol at around 8：00 pm. inon Friday evening.I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular Id always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced mycousin again; I would always know Id done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.【答案】I was playing at my cousincousins house. Since his family was richricher than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one onin particular Id always wanted. I put it/that into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy toplaying with the toy or facedface my cousin again; I would always know Id done something wrong. LateLater on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slowslowly and gave it back. She knowsknew what had happened, but she thanked me and evernever mentioned it again.此篇短文改错的文章内容是一则关于作者孩时自我教育的小故事，试题难度适中，要求修改的10处错误均为学生写作中的常见错误，设题考查的内容是学生应该掌握的基础知识，以考查其发现问题和解决问题的能力。【解析】1“在我堂兄弟的家”，考查名词所有格的用法，cousin后加s表示“的”。2有比较级的标志词than却没有形容词比较级，rich的比较级为规则变化richer。3考查习语搭配in particular，意为“尤其，特别”。4. putinto，考查动词用法和代词，这里漏填了指代那个玩具的单词it。5. enjoy后面应接doing，所以去掉多余的to。6. 句中有连词or，表示后面省略的部分跟前面一致，为I would never be able toor I would never be able to，因此要用动词原形face。7later on是固定习语，意为“后来”，而late作副词时意为“迟的；最近的”。8这里的“慢”应该是说明作者掏兜的动作，即修饰动词pull要用副词slowly。9动词时态考点，通篇文章因为是叙述过去发生的一件事，所以时态基本都为过去时，这里不可能出现knows这样明显的表示习惯的一般现在时。10ever表示肯定含义，而这句作者想表达的是自己的阿姨知道这件事(偷玩具)但再也没有提过，应该是否定含义，故ever换成否定副词never才对。