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2019年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题03非谓语动词和交际用语一、2019年高考真题1.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 30._ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.A. To enjoyB. EnjoyingC. To have enjoyedD. Enjoy【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故选A。2.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 35.Lets take a coffee break. _ We ve been working for hours.A. Why bother?B. What for?C. You got me there.D. You said it.【答案】D【解析】考查情景对话。句意：我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。 why bother没有必要；what for为什么；You got me there你把我搞糊涂了；You said it你算说对了，故选D。3.【2019天津卷单项填空】4._ to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.A. LearnB. LearnedC. LearningD. Having learned【答案】C【解析】考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语，故选C。4.【2019江苏卷单项填空】 32.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries_ its role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A。5.【2019天津卷单项填空】1.I guess you want to go play tennis._. Thats exactly what I was thinking too.A. I didnt get itB. Its up to youC. You never knowD. You read my mind【答案】D【解析】考查情景交际。句意：-我猜你想去打网球。-你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想着的事情。从回答的后半句可知，听话人同意说话人的意思。而A（不明白，不认同某人的说法）、B（决于你）和C（很难说，不可预知）都不符合语境。“you read my mind”意为你知我心，符合语境，故选D。6.【2019天津卷单项填空】6.My son got a full scholarship to his dream university!Wow, _! Whats he going to study?A. good for himB. go for itC. what a coincidenceD. all the best【答案】A【解析】本题考查情景对话。句意：我的儿子得了他梦想大学的全额奖学金。噢，对他有好处!他打算学习什么呢? good for him“对他有好处” ；go for it“努力争取”； what a coincidence“多么巧合”； all the best“祝一切顺利（祝酒告别时说）”。故选A。6.【2019天津卷单项填空】12.The professor warned tie students that on no account _ use mobile phones in his class.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做should do,敢于做dare do，根据句意表示”应该“，故选A。9.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】Modem methods _of_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area.【答案】to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。10.【2019新课标I卷语法填空】Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,【答案】noting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。11.【2019新课标II卷短文改错】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.【答案】All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, that I had a talent for football.【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。12【2019新课标II卷语法填空】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.【答案】 being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。13.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _declared_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“的计划”，故填to retire。14.【2019新课标II卷语法填空】When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _a_ joke.【答案】saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。15.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining _so_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there.【答案】to retire【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。16.【2019新课标III卷语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we _were invited_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】考查现在分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。16.【2019浙江卷语法填空】When the children are walking or _59_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings,【答案】cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。16.【2019浙江卷语法填空】But some students didnt want _63_ (wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这里是动词不定式作to的宾语。故填to wear。16.【2019北京卷语法填空】Nervously _2_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _myself_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】facing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。二、2019届模拟题1.【江苏省盐城中学2019届高三年级质量检测】The man _ the fake news that 18 firefighters lost their lives in the explosion was arrested.A. having circulatingB. to circulateC. circulatingD. to have circulated【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：传播18名火警在爆炸中丧生了的这条假消息的人被逮捕了。传播假消息与the man 是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语， 故选C。【点睛】区分非谓语动词时，主要是要区分谓语动词与非谓语动词动作发生的先后顺序。如果同时发生或者非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间，一般使用现在分词形式；如果非谓语动作发生在位于动作之后，使用不定式如果非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前，使用过去分词。本题考查的就是非谓语动作从过去持续到谓语动作那个时间的情形。2. 【天津市南开中学2019届高三年级模拟考试】_me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.A. CallingB. CallC. To callD. Having called【答案】B【解析】考查动词的正确形式。句意：明天给我打电话，我会告诉你实验的结果。此句是祈使句，故用动词原形。选B。3. 【江苏省南京市 2019 届高三年级三模考试】With the number of homecoming overseas students up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded.A. shotB. being shotC. shootingD. to shoot【答案】C【解析】考查固定用法。句意：近年来，由于归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐减弱。本句为with的复合结构，shoot与overseas students构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，故选C。4. 【2019年天津市十二所重点中学高三毕业班联考】The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not whether to believe what he had said.A. to knowB. knowingC. knownD. having known【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯着这个陌生人，不知道自己是否该相信他说的话。little boy与know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故B项正确。5. 【江苏省2019届苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查】Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China, the time people spend standing in lines at entries or security check.A. to reduceB. reducedC. having reducedD. reducing【答案】D【解析】考查现在分词做结果状语。句意：人脸识别技术在中国各地的旅游景点运行良好，减少了人们在入口处或安检处排队的时间。此处是现在分词最自然的结果状语，故答案为D。5. 【江苏省2019届苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查】Actors should be good observers, watching peoples body language and speaking style, and this into their own abilities to progress in acting.A. transferringB. transformingC. transportingD. transmitting【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词做伴随状语。句意：演员应该是很好的观察者，观察人们的肢体语言和说话风格，并将其转化为自己的能力，从而在表演上取得进步。此处句子主语Actors和transform之间是主动关系，是现在分词做伴随状语，与watching并列，故答案为D。6. 【天津市北辰区2019届高考模拟试卷】We had better put off interviewing the athlete, for he Is busy preparing for an international contest _ in Shanghai next month.A. heldB. to holdC. being heldD. to be held【答案】D【解析】考查动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语。句意：我们最好推迟采访这位运动员，因为他正忙于准备下个月在上海举行的国际比赛。此处contest和hold之间是一种被动关系，这里是动词不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语，故选D。7
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