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三、完形填空考情分析题型一记叙文高考完形填空体裁以记叙文为主，从题材上看，内容生活化，有明显的教育意义，体现了“立德树人”的导向。语篇出处：2019年河南模考语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：洞中救援It was a desperate situation. On June 23, it was reported that the 12 members of the “Wild Boar” soccer team, ages 1117, and their _1_ had not returned after a visit to the Tham Luang _2_ in Chiang Rai, Thailand. The coach had _3_ the team on a trip after soccer practice. But as the group went _4_ into the cave, heavy rain started. The rain quickly _5_ the narrow passageways.The team _6_ a dry area more than two miles from the _7_. They stood in total darkness, with no food and a(n) _8_ supply of oxygen.More than 1,000 volunteers from more than a dozen _9_， including the United States, helped in the _10_ to find them. Ten days later, two British cave divers _11_ the boys and their coach alive and in _12_ good health.It took several more days to get all of the boys and their coach through the caves narrow, flooded _13_. Diver Saman Kunan died after _14_ air supplies to the team. Kunan had been a former Navy SEAL (Seal, Air, and Land) officer in Thailand. His death _15_ the other divers to reach the boys more quickly. “Kunan was a true _16_，” said Somboon Padung vitayakorn of Bangkok. “He played a big role in the _17_.”At a press conference, one boy _18_ that during the ordeal (严酷的考验), they tried to keep each others spirits up. “I told them, Dont lose _19_.”The boys and their coach are _20_ for the heroes who rescued them, and for the outpouring of support from people around the world.1A.classmateBparentCcoach Dfriend 2A.cave BmountainCreservoir Dforest 3A.forced BbroughtCguaranteed Dacknowledged 4A.higher BwiderCdeeper Dlower 5A.washed BcoveredCfilled Dflooded6A.landed BfoundCsettled Dcleared7A.entrance Bedge Ctop Dfoot8A.available BconsiderableCabundant Dlimited 9A.areas BarmiesCcountries Dprovinces 10A.effort BattemptCfavor Dassistance11A.detected BtransportedCsaved Dspotted 12A.naturally Bspecially Csurprisingly Dextremely 13.A.paths BoceansCrivers Dpassages 14A.pausing Bdelivering Cexchanging Dquitting15A.pushed BdelayedCpersuaded Dstopped 16A.diver BheroCmember Dvolunteer 17A.adventure BexplorationCrescue Dinvestigation 18A.repeated Brecalled Creminded Dinformed19A.hope Bheart Cface Dchance20A.cautious BembarrassedCsorry Dgrateful 由首句可知，本文要介绍一次危急的情形。结合与“a desperate situation”和“the 12 members of the Wild Boar soccer team”相关的语境，下文中几个空都是围绕紧急救援这一语境选择答案。如题3、题6、题14、题17、题18等。题2与下文 “into the cave”是复现信息；题9与下文“including the United States”是复现信息；题13与上文“the narrow passageways”是复现信息。题12：人们本以为他们身体可能垮了，结果却出乎意料。题10：利用固定搭配“in the effort to do (努力做某事)”迅速答题。题5可以利用熟词生义解题：flood “洪水”“泛滥，淹没”；题11：spot “斑点，地点”“看见”；题15：push “推”“促使”。可以根据生活常识或者自己已有的知识解题。如题4、题7、题8、题19等。题16：用自己的生命去救他人应该是个英雄(hero)；题20：被救之后应该感恩(grateful)。篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个泰国足球教练带领球员外出探险时遇到大雨，被困在洞中，世界各地向他们发起救援的感人故事。1C由下文“It took several more days to get all of the boys and their coach through the caves narrow”可知， “野猪”足球队的12名队员，和他们的教练(coach)在参观了泰国清迈的塔姆朗洞穴后，还没有回来。2A由下文提到的“into the cave”可知，他们进了洞穴。3B教练在足球训练结束后带(bring)球队去旅行。4C但随着队伍深入(deeper)洞穴，开始下大雨了。5D雨很快地淹没了(flood)狭窄的通道。6B队员们在离入口两英里远的地方发现了(find)一块干地。7A队员和教练是从洞口往深处走的，所以此处是离入口(entrance)两英里远的地方。8D他们站在完全黑暗的环境中，没有食物，氧气供应有限(limited)。9C由下文“including the United States”可知，此处指代国家。10A来自包括美国在内的十多个国家的1,000多名志愿者帮助寻找他们。in the effort to do sth. “努力做某事”。11D10天后，两名英国洞穴潜水员发现(spot)这些男孩和他们的教练还活着，身体出奇地健康。12C此处表示人们本以为他们身体状况不好，结果出乎意料(surprisingly)。13.D用了几天的时间，才把所有的男孩和他们的教练带离了洞里狭窄的、被洪水淹没的通道(passage)。即上文提到的“the narrow passageways”。14B潜水员Saman Kunan在运送(deliver)空气补给后死亡。15A他的死促使(push)其他潜水员更快地找到了男孩。16B“Kunan是一个真正的英雄(hero)，”曼谷的Somboon Padungvitayakorn说。17C他在营救(rescue)中扮演了重要角色。18B在一次记者招待会上，一个男孩回忆道(recall)，在这一磨难中，他们试图让彼此振作起来。19A“我”告诉他们，“不要失去希望(hope)。”20D孩子们和他们的教练很感激(grateful)那些拯救他们的英雄们，也很感激世界各地的人们给予的大力支持。技巧1研读首句，明大意典例片段(2018全国卷)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.1命题特点：首句无设空。2文章背景：免费课程Thinking Chess。3预测内容：本文描述Thinking Chess的好处，作者一定会参加。技巧2具体语境，细识别,典例片段(2018全国卷)The instructors called for an ambulance. _1_， after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner. 1A.Fortunately BFranklyCSadly DSuddenly1前面提到叫救护车。2下文送进医院，身体康复，家庭聚餐。3此处是表示“幸运的是”，故选A。技巧3逻辑关系，助推理典例片段(2019湖南师大附中模考) . As the lady left I did something that surprised even me. I turned off my indicator and drove straight past. I let the man occupy the spot. The man behind me was at a loss, unsure what to do. _1_， I lowered my window and gave him a sign to take it, calling out at the same time “Its yours.” . 1A.However BThereforeCInstead DStill1上文提到“我后面的人不确定要做什么”。2下文提到“我摇下窗户，同时大声喊 这是你的”。3判断两个句子之间存在因果关系。选B。语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：撒谎的教训When I was sixteen years old, we lived in South Africa about eighteen miles outside the city.One Saturday, my father went to attend a _1_ and he asked me if I would _2_ him into town and bring him back in the evening. My parents also gave me many small _3_ to do in town, like getting the car _4_ and the oil changed.When I _5_ my father at the conference venue, he said, “At five oclock in the evening, come here and _6_ me up, and well go home together.”I said, “Fine.”I did all my chores as quickly as possible, left the car in the garage and went straight to the nearest _7_. I got so excited that I didnt realize the _8_ of time. The movie ended at 5：30, I came out and ran to the garage and rushed to where my dad was _9_ for me. It was almost six oclock when I reached there.The _10_ question he asked me was, “Why are you late？”Instead of telling him the truth, I lied, “I had to wait for the car.” Not _11_ that he had already called the garage.When he _12_ me in the lie, he said, “Theres something wrong in the _13_ I brought you up that didnt give you the _14_ to tell me the truth. Ill walk home as _15_.”There was _16_ nothing I could do to make him change his mind. For five and a half hours I _17_ along behind father, watching him _18_ all this pain for a stupid lie.I decided then that I was never going to lie again.Its almost 50 years since the event, and every time I think about it I _19_ get goose bumps. That is the power of nonviolent _20_. Its a lasting thing. Its a change we bring through love, not fear.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者撒谎后他父亲决定步行5个半小时回家作为自己教育不当的惩罚。作者深感惭愧，决定再也不撒谎了。有时，爱的力量更能使人改变，而且更持久。1A.training BcommitteeCwedding Dconference 答案：D由下文“at the conference venue”可知，此处表示去开会。2A.drive Bdeliver Cconvey Dtransport答案：A由文中多次提到的car可知，此处表示开车送父亲。3A.collisions BshoppingCawards Dchores 答案：D父母还给“我”分派了一些琐事(chores)，让“我”去市里办理。下文的“I did all my chores”是暗示。4A.clarified BservicedCfilled Drepaired 答案：B由下文提到的“left the car in the garage”可知，应该是把车保养(serviced)一下，再更换机油。5A.confirmed BconsultedCleft Dconvinced答案：C当“我”让父亲在会议大厅下车时，他说，晚上五点接他。leave “把留下，离开”。6A.ring Bpick Cpull Dcorrespond答案：B晚上五点来这里接“我”，我们一起回家。pick up “(开车)接人”。7A.garage BstadiumCgym Dtheatre答案：D由下文“The movie ended at 5：30”可知，去了影院。句意：我尽快完成了交给我办理的事情，把车停在修理站，然后直接奔向最近的电影院。8A.passage Bservice Cwaste Dwarning答案：A“我”太兴奋了，没有注意到时间的流逝。the passage of time “时间的消逝”。9A.calling Bexpecting Cwaiting Dstruggling 答案：C“我”出了电影院，跑到修理站，迅速朝父亲等(wait)“我”的地方赶去。10A.direct BimmediateCpossible Dpotential 答案：Bimmediate “立即的，迫切的”，符合语境。11A.confirming BacknowledgingCmentioning Drealizing答案：D没有意识到(realize)父亲已经给修理站打过电话了。12A.prevented BrejectedCcaught Dsubmitted 答案：C当父亲抓住(catch)“我”说谎的时候，他说自己的教育方法有误。13A.way BcircumstanceCprocedure Dmotivation 答案：A“我”的教育方法(way)有误，“我”没有给你足够的信心让你说实话。14A.standard BconfidenceCprivilege Dsubstitute答案：B说实话需要信心(confidence)和勇气。15A.evidence BpunishmentCwitness Dabsence 答案：B由句意可知，作为惩罚(punishment)，父亲决定步行回家。16A.ridiculously Btheoretically Cabsolutely Dtechnically 答案：C“我”完全(absolutely)没有办法使他改变主意。17A.crawled BspedChowled Dtwisted答案：A五个半小时，“我”慢慢地开车(crawl)跟在父亲后面。crawl “爬行，缓慢行进”。18A.get over Bwalk through Cgo over Dgo through答案：D眼看着他忍受着痛苦，这都是“我”愚蠢的谎言惹的祸。get over “克服”；walk through “走过”；go over “复习”；go through “忍受，经历”。19A.also BalwaysCstill Deven答案：C那次事件已经过去50年了。每每想起，“我”仍然(still)感觉会起鸡皮疙瘩。20A.action Bexpression Caccident Dachievement 答案：A由下文提到的“Its a change we bring through love”可知，此处指的是非暴力行为(action)的力量。venue n. 集合地；会场，场所bring up 抚养，养大goose bumps 鸡皮疙瘩第八段第一句：When he caught me in the lie, he said, “Theres something wrong in the way I brought you up that didnt give you the confidence to tell me the truth.”译文：当他发现我在撒谎时，他说，“我把你带大的方式有问题，没有给你信心告诉我真相。”分析：这是一个主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。I brought you up是省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词way。that引导定语从句，修饰something。专题强化训练(一) (1)(2019吉林长春模考)There was a businessman who was deep in debt and could see no way out.He sat on the park bench, head in hands, _1_ if anything could save his company from bankruptcy (破产). Suddenly an old man appeared before him. “I can see that something is _2_ you，” he said.After listening to the businessmans troubles, the old man said, “I believe I can help you.”He asked the man his name, wrote out a _3_， and pushed it into his hand saying, “Take this money. Meet me here exactly one year from today, and you can pay me back at that time.”Then he turned and disappeared as _4_ as he had come.The businessman saw in his hand a check for $500,000, _5_ by John DRockefeller, then one of the richest men in the world!“I can _6_ my money worries in an instant！” he realized. But _7_， he decided to put the uncashed check in his safe. Just knowing it was there might give him the _8_ to work out a way to save his business, he thought.With renewed _9_， he negotiated better deals. Within a few months, he was out of debt and making money once again.Exactly one year later, he returned to the _10_ with the uncashed check. At the _11_ time, the old man appeared. But just as the businessman was about to _12_ the check and share his success story, a _13_ came running up and grabbed the old man.“Im so delighted I _14_ him！” she cried. “I hope he hasnt been bothering you. Hes _15_ escaping from the rest home and telling people hes John DRockefeller.”And she led the old man away _16_ the arm.The businessman just stood there, _17_. All year long hed been buying and selling, _18_ he had half a million dollars behind him.Suddenly, he realized that it wasnt the money, real or _19_， that had turned his life around. It was his _20_ selfconfidence that gave him the power to achieve anything he went after.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个破产的商人遇到了一个假冒富翁的传奇故事。1A.wondering BsuspectingCestimating Dhesitating答案：A他坐在公园的长椅上，双手抱着头，想着(wonder)是否有什么可以使他的公司免于破产。2A.attacking BdisturbingCinterrupting Damusing答案：B突然一个老人出现在他面前。“我看得出来有什么事情使你感到焦虑(disturbing)，”他说。3A.number BnoteCletter Dcheck答案：D根据下文中的“a check for $500,000”可知此处应选check。4A.calmly BquietlyCquickly Dproudly答案：C根据上文中的“Suddenly an old man appeared”可知，此处意为：然后他转过身来，消失得和他来的时候一样快(quickly)。5A.signed BhandedCdrawn Ddeposited答案：A根据上文中的“wrote out a _3_”可知，此处表示由当时世界上最富有的人之一约翰洛克菲勒签字(signed)的$500,000支票！6A.lose BremoveCface Dignore答案：B有了钱就可以消除(remove)关于破产的烦恼。7A.instead BthereforeCrather Dmeanwhile答案：A但是相反(instead)，他决定把那张未兑现的支票放在他的保险箱里。8A.weakness BbeliefCurge Dstrength答案：D他想，只要知道它的存在，他就有力量(strength)想出挽救生意的办法。9A.creativity BpermissionCoptimism Dcuriosity答案：C根据上文可知，商人因公司破产的事情而十分沮丧，所以这里应是以重燃的乐观态度(optimism)。10A.hospital BcompanyCstreet Dpark答案：D根据上文“He sat on the park bench”可知，两人是在公园遇见的，一年后商人又回到公园。11A.advanced BappointedCannounced Ddelayed答案：B上文“Meet me here exactly one year from today”可知，这里表示在约定的(appointed)时间，老人出现了。12A.hand back Bgive outCput out Dturn over答案：A根据语境可知，但就在商人正要把支票还给(hand back)他时。13A.policeman BbankerCnurse Dguard答案：C根据下文“escaping from the rest home(从疗养院跑出来)”可知，此处应该是照顾他的护理人员(nurse)。14A.beat BcheatedCpushed Dcaught答案：D“我”很高兴“我”抓住了(caught)他！15A.never BseldomCalways Doccasionally答案：C根据老人一年前和今天的行为可知，他总是(always)从疗养院跑出来。16A.on BinCby Dat答案：Clead sb. by the arm “牵着某人的胳膊”。17A.exhausted BastonishedCdisappointed Dexcited答案：B根据语境可知，那个商人只是站在那里，十分惊讶(astonished)。18A.convinced BinformedCreminded Dwarned答案：A他一整年都在一直做买卖，确信(convinced)自己有五十万美元。19A.created BimaginedCdiscovered Ddonated答案：B突然，他意识到并不是金钱，真实的或想象的(imagined)，改变了他的生活。imagined对应real。20A.longlost BnonexistentCeverlasting Dnewlyfound答案：D正是他重新找到的(newlyfound)自信赋予了他实现目标的力量，此处对应上文中的“With renewed _9_”。check n支票in an instant 马上uncashed adj. 未兑现的最后一段第一句：Suddenly, he realized that it wasnt the money, real or imagined,_that had turned his life around.译文：突然，他意识到并不是金钱，真实的或想象的，改变了他的生活。分析：这是一个主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句，作动词realize的宾语。第二个that构成强调句型“it was . that .”，强调作主语的名词the money。(2)In the summer of 1960, the final exams were held. Greenberg _1_ writing at 9 am. By 10：30, he couldnt _2_ a thing. He lurched (蹒跚) to the front and handed his paper to the teacher.“I cant see, sir，” he said _3_.The teacher laughed. “Ive heard some terrific _4_，” he said, “but thats the best.”That winter, doctors _5_ on Greenbergs eyes. The surgery didnt work. Greenberg was so _6_ that he refused to see anyone from college.But Garfunkel persuaded Greenberg to go back to Columbia and offered to be his _7_.In September 1961, Greenberg _8_ to campus. Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him, taking time out from their own studies, and Greenberg ended up _9_ straight As. Still, he _10_ his friends to help him.Then, one afternoon, Greenberg and Garfunkel went to Midtown Manhattan. When it was _11_ for Greenberg to go back to campus, Garfunkel said he had an appointment and couldnt accompany him. Greenberg _12_. They argued, and Garfunkel walked off, _13_ Greenberg alone in Grand Central Terminal. Greenberg, at a _14_， stumbled through the rushhour crowd. Four miles later, he got off at the Columbia University stop. At the university gate, someone _15_ into him.“Oops, excuse me, sir.”Greenberg recognized the _16_. It was Garfunkels. Greenbergs first reaction was _17_， but in the next second, he _18_ Garfunkel had been with him the whole way.After graduation, Greenberg got his MBA from Columbia and a PhD from Harvard. He went on to become a _19_ inventor and businessman.“You are talking，” he says gratefully to Garfunkel, “to the _20_ man in the world.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是Greenberg失明之后，他的朋友们为他读所学的内容，帮助他完成学业，并取得成功的感人故事。1A.considered BavoidedCstarted Dmissed答案：C在考场上，9点钟的时候Greenberg开始(started)答题。2A.see BunderstandCdescribe Danalyze 答案：A由下文提到的“I cant see, sir”以及“on Greenbergs eyes”可知，此处表示眼睛出了问题，不能看到(see)东西了。3A.shyly BweaklyCgently Dsoftly答案：B此处表示说话时心中感到难过，所以，应该是有气无力地(weakly)。4A.remarks BdecisionsCexcuses Dcomments答案：C由上文提到的“The teacher laughed.”可以推知，老师并不相信Greenberg说的话，认为Greenberg在找借口(excuses)不想继续考试。5A.worked BfocusedCwaited Doperated答案：D由下文提到的“The surgery didnt work.(手术不成功。)”可知，此处是给他的眼睛做手术(operated)。6A.disappointed BdepressedCembarrassed Dconfused答案：B由于手术不成功，所以Greenberg 一定感到很沮丧(depressed)，不想见大学里的任何人。7A.reader BpartnerCtutor Dguide答案：A由下文提到的“Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him”可以推知，此处表示为Greenberg读出所学内容，帮助他学习。也就是说，担任为Greenberg读书的人(reader)。8A.limited BstuckCadapted Dreturned答案：D由下文朋友们为他读书可知，此处应该是Greenberg又回到了(returned)大学校园。9A.passing BfailingCscoring Dwitnessing答案：C朋友们抽出学习时间为他朗读，结果是Greenberg的成绩都得了(scoring)“A”。10A.relied on Bturned downCappealed to Dcalled for答案：A但是，他仍然需要依赖于(relied on)朋友来帮助他。11A.chance BdutyCturn Dtime 答案：D当Greenberg该回学校的时候，Garfunkel说他有个约会，不能陪伴他回校了。it is/was time for sb. to do sth. 意为“该到某人做的时候了”。12A.reacted BworriedCpanicked Dnodded答案：C由上文“relied on his friends”和下文提到的“They argued”可以推测出，此处表示Greenberg感到惊慌失措(panicked)。13A.abandoning BwavingCwatching Dleaving答案：D他们争吵之后，Garfunkel走开了，留下(leaving)Greenberg一个人在车站。14A.distance BlossCcaution Dchallenge 答案：B此处表示Greenberg一个人独自外出时的状态，茫然不知所措(at a loss)。15A.knocked BburstCbroke Ddug答案：A在大学门口，有人撞(knocked)到了他。由下文“Oops, excuse me, sir.”可以推测出来。16A.conversation BvoiceCpath Dcondition答案：B由上文提到的“Oops, excuse me, sir.”以及下文的“It was Garfunkels.”可以推知，此处指的是Garfunkel说话的声音(voice)。17A.comfortable BrelievedCangry Dcontent答案：C由语境可知，朋友把自己一个人留在车站，自己跌跌撞撞地独自回到学校，听到朋友的声音时，应该很生气(angry)。18A.confirmed BrealizedCrecognized Devaluated答案：B但是，转念一想，他意识(realized)到原来Garfunkel一直陪伴在他身旁。19A.successful BdependentChonorable Dmagic答案：A由语境以及上文提到的“graduation”和“MBA”“PhD”可知，毕业后，又获得了硕士和博士学位，然后在事业中又获得了成功(successful)。20A.blindest BstrongestCbest Dluckiest 答案：D此处表达了Greenberg对Garfunkel的感谢，认为自己有Garfunkel这样的朋友，是世界上最幸运的人。surgery n. 外科手术accompany vt. 陪伴stumble vi. 跌跌撞撞地走；蹒跚而行第六段第二句：Garfunkel, Speyer, and a third friend read textbooks to him, taking time out from their own studies, and Greenberg ended up scoring straight As.译文：Garfunkel, Speyer和他的另外一个朋友从自己的学习中抽出时间，给他读课本，Greenberg最终获得了全优的成绩。分析：这是两个简单句。第二个and连接这两个简单句。taking是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。end up doing意为“以而结束/告终”。(3)(原创题)A homeless man found a ratty picture of Bambi, the Disney character, in a trash bin and brought it to antique (古董) dealer Alexander Archbold to get 20 dollars.The men had made some _1_ before, and Archbold, the dealer, found this one was different. At first, Archbold thought he had _2_ a copy from the 1980s or 1990s. He thought if he _3_ the broken frame and _4_ it up, the picture might fetch $80 to $100.But when he took it out of the frame, Archbold discovered something _5_： It had a copyright date of 1937. Bambi hit theaters in 1942. Suddenly Archbold _6_ he had an original Disney handdrawn image with much more _7_ than he had firstly thought. “When I knew it was worth a lot of money, I knew it wasnt _8_ to take it all.” Archbold said. He promised to give Gillian, the homeless man, half of whatever he got from the _9_.Archbold _10_ the piece for $3,700. But then came the hard part: Finding a man with no fixed _11_. The store owner drove the streets of Edmonton, and _12_ wherever he saw homeless people. He _13_ came across someone who knew Gillian.That man told the news to Gillian, who then _14_ by the store. Archbold _15_ him the $1,600. He also gave him a(n) _16_ $100 and bought him lunch. Besides, Archbold _17_ a GoFundMe page to help Gillian get off the streets and into a hotel for the winter. The _18_ quickly went beyond its $10,000 goal in a short time.Then members of Gillians _19_ saw the report and reached out to Archbold. The antique dealer was _20_ to put Gillian back in contact with his family and helped him make plans to return home. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。一位古董商发现自己便宜收购的画作居然是原作时，他四处寻找当初卖画作的流浪汉，把所得的利润均分，并继续帮助他。1A.deals BquarrelsCtalks Dfights答案：A由上文可
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