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考点十一特殊句式限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1It was last Saturday _ we visited the History Museum答案：that此句为强调句型，其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。2When _ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street答案：returning句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与return之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词形式。when returning home是when I was returning home的省略。3Only in this way _ I learn English well答案：can句意：只有用这种方法，我才能学好英语。当only用在句首强调状语时，句子要用部分倒装，强调主语时，句子不倒装。4I wont go to the party tonight even if _(invite)答案：invited此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与invite之间存在被动关系，因此应用invited。5Not only _ I interested in the photography, but I took a course at university答案：am句意：我不仅对摄影感兴趣，在大学里我还上过摄影课。not only位于句首时，所在分句用部分倒装，且此处描述现在的情况，故填am。6Jim is a student; _ is Tom答案：so句意：吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。指前者情况也适用于后者，意为“某人也”，表肯定意义，用so助动词主语。7I cant swim well; _ can Jim答案：neither/nor句意：我不擅长游泳，吉姆也不擅长。指前者情况也适用于后者，并且指否定意义时，用neither/nor助动词主语。8_ (knock) at the door before you enter my room, please答案：Knock句意：进我的房间前请你先敲门。本句为祈使句，故用动词原形。9I have no idea why it is _ he will go there with her答案：that句意：我不知道他为什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引导的同位语从句，为强调句型。10Though _(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome答案：surprised此句是连词后省略了“主语be”。此句中though后省略了the professor was，因此应填形容词surprised。11I drove _ slowly as possible in the heavy traffic答案：as本句中含有as as possible的省略结构，意为“尽可能”。12Only _ he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again答案：when/if句意：只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再次跟他说话。“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。根据句意可填when/if。13The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, _ will he even give it a thought答案：nor/neither句意：校长不会允许课程变化，他甚至也不会去考虑。“nor/neither助动词主语”是部分倒装结构，意为“也不”。14At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River _ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China答案：lies介词短语“At the meeting place of ”放在句首作地点状语时，句子要用完全倒装语序。句子的主语为Chongqing，且叙述客观事实，故填lies。15The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _ (not)答案：not to句意：这个司机想把车停在路边，但被警察告知不要这么做。此处是省略，空格处补全为not to park his car near the roadside。16One talk with Tom, I believe, _ you will find he is outgoing答案：and句意：和汤姆谈一谈，我相信你会发现他是外向的。本题是“名词短语and陈述句”的结构，and表示顺承关系，故填and。 17_ (devote) to finding ways to make music accessible to all children is Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians答案：Devoted此句为倒装句。还原为“Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians is devoted to finding ways to make music accessible to all children”18Up till now, there has been no scientific evidence about _ it was that caused the death of dinosaurs答案：what句意：到目前为止，还没有科学证据证明是什么导致了恐龙的死亡。这里强调了恐龙灭绝的原因，即what，因此这是强调句型的特殊疑问句式。19I finally got the job I dreamed about Never in my life _ I feel so happy答案：did句意：我最终得到了我梦想的工作。我一生中从来没有这么高兴过。never放在句首，句子用部分倒装，结合前面的got可知，填did。20I went to the classroom as usual But there, next to my desk, _ (sit) a girl I had never seen before答案：sat句意：我像平常一样去了教室。但是，在我桌子旁边坐着一个我以前从没见过的女孩。表示地点方位的状语位于句子开头，主语如果是名词，则句子用全部倒装。 21He said he _ see a woman in black walking out of the office building just now 答案：did句意：他说他的确看到了一个黑衣女子从办公大楼走出来了。分析句子可知，此处是对谓语动词see的强调，根据时间状语“just now”可知，应该用did表示强调。22Hardly _ (have) she sat down when she heard someone knocking the door 答案：had句意：她刚刚坐下，就听到有人敲门。hardly when 表示“一就”，hardly放在句首，用部分倒装。从句使用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填had。23Are you free tonight? If _， Id like you to meet Tom, my new friend from the States 答案：so句意：今晚你有空吗？如果有空的话，我想让你见见我的美国新朋友汤姆。if so “如果这样的话”，so替代上文的全部内容，避免重复。 24_ Tom shared his idea with us, we would have made more progress 答案：Had句意：如果汤姆和我们分享他的想法，我们会取得更大的进步。此处是if引导的非真实条件状语从句，使用虚拟语气，省略了if，并将had提前的用法。故填Had。25At the top of the hill _ (stand) an ancient tower, which dates back to the Song Dynasty 答案：stands句意：在山顶上有一座古塔，它可追溯到宋朝。表示地点的介词短语放在句首，句子用全部倒装。句子的主语是an ancient tower, 故填stands。26Child _ he was, he was able to stand on his own feet 答案：as/though句意：尽管他是个孩子，但是他已经能够自立了。分析前面的“Child _ he was”可知，是一个由as/though引导的让步状语从句，故填as/though。 27She dare not say what she thinks, _ she? 答案：dare主从复合句的反意疑问句部分中的主语和动词需要根据主句确定，当陈述部分的dare是情态动词，反意疑问句部分也用dare，此复合句中主句是否定句，故此处只填dare。28If _ (accept) for the job, you will be informed soon答案：accepted逗号前是“If you are accepted for the job”的省略形式。当主从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，故填accepted。29At last we found a house, in front of which _ (stand) a tall tree答案：stood介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词是stand时，句子要用全部倒装结构。由found的提示可知，此空应填stand的过去式stood。30Fishing in this river, as far as I know, _ (be) prohibited答案：is本句中含有插入包含副词的分句，这也是特殊句式的一种，被插入的部分不影响句意和句子的成分。动名词作主语，且描述一般事实，谓语动词应用is。二、单句改错1At home, there has a CD player in my room, and the music is on all the time_答案：hasis句意：在家里我的房间里有一台CD播放器，一直放着音乐。前一分句为there be句型。主语为单数名词a CD player, 故将has改为is。2Only do I know the news here_答案：去掉do句意：这儿，只有我知道这个消息。当only用在句首强调主语时，句子不倒装，强调状语时，句子才倒装。3Well, I do think the horse is a useful animalSo it does_答案：doesis句意：嗯，我的确认为马是很有用的动物。 的确是。分析句意可知，第二句是表示肯定、赞同前面说过的话，意为“确实如此，确实是这样”，对应the horse is，故将does改为is。4Between each of the morning classes are an interval, when the students can have a short break_答案：areis介词短语置于句首时，应用全部倒装，句子的主语是an interval，故将are改为is。5It was in the village where he spent much of his childhood_答案：wherethat分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，故将where改为that。6Im sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your testHow can that be? I did it as tell in class!_答案：第二个telltold答语中后一个句子的状语从句为省略“主语be动词”的形式。tell的逻辑主语为I，两者之间为被动关系，还原后为as I was told。7A bit more effort, I think, so you will settle the problem_答案：soand先把插入语I think去掉，则不难看出此句为“(表示条件的)名词短语and陈述句”结构，陈述句表示顺承的结果。8Not until my son had entered the college he realize the importance of time_答案：he前加didnot until位于句首时主句应用部分倒装；由从句的时态可知，主句应用一般过去时，因此在he前加助动词did。9Scarcely I arrived at my second job when a server immediately handed me my first order _答案：Scarcely后加had此处是“scarcely when ”结构，Scarcely用于句首，主句部分倒装。本结构中从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故在Scarcely后加had。10There appears to have little enthusiasm for your idea_答案：havebe此处表示“人们好像对你的想法没什么热情”。此处为There be句型，其中be可以用appears to be代替，故将have改为be。11Standing on one foot with your eyes closed, and you will soon lose your balance_答案：StandingStand句意：闭着眼睛用一只脚站立，你很快就会失去平衡。固定句式：祈使句and/or表示某事经常发生或惯常行为的陈述句。 12Though he isnt a driver, he used to_答案：to后加be句意：虽然他现在不是一个司机，但是过去他是。在used to后面如果是系动词be，不能省略。13Only by studying hard and making good preparations for exams we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams_答案：we前加can以“Only介词短语”放在句首的句子，使用部分倒装，结合句意，在we前加can。14Not only I care for my own family, but also I will contribute to building a harmonious society _答案：only后加will“not only but also ”结构放在句首，前面的分句用部分倒装，故在only后加will。15Although Im not a teacher of that famous school, I want to _答案：to后加be在省略句中，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，则不能省略，通常保留这些词，故此处在to后加be。特殊句式(一)一、强调句强调句型由“Itis/was被强调部分that/who其他部分”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who或that均可，其他情况一律用that。判断方法：将It is/was和that/who去掉，若剩下的部分仍能表达完整的句意，则为强调句型；若不能，则不是。1强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？Was it in the park that Tom lost his watch?2强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他？Who_was_it_that broke the window?3not until 结构的强调句型其强调句式为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他。He didnt go to bed until ten oclockIt_was_not_until ten oclock that he went to bed注意：强调句型不能用来强调谓语，若要强调句子谓语动词，可将助动词do/does/did置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。He does like itI did tell you the news yesterday二、倒装句1完全倒装(1)表示方位、地点的副词或介词短语，如：there, here, up, down, now, then, away, in, out, off等置于句首，且主语是名词时，用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。Here_comes the first busOut_rushed a boy!On_the_top_of_the_mountain_stands a temple(2)主系表结构中作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such等置于句首时用完全倒装。Present_at_the_meeting_were Professor Zhang and many other guestsSeated_on_the_ground_are a group of young people2部分倒装(1)“only状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)”置于句首时，整个句子或后面的主句用部分倒装；当“only主语”置于句首时，句子不倒装。Only_in_this_way_can you succeedOnly I am here today(2)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时用部分倒装。常见的这类词或短语有not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time, not only, not until等。Seldom_in_my_life_have I met so determined a personAt_no_time_should you touch it or get it hurt(3)so, neither, nor置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时用部分倒装。但是当前面的情况是两种或两种以上时要用It is the same with 或者So it is with 结构。Tom likes English So_do_II have never seen the film Neither_has_heI like playing basketball and I live in America for many years So_it_is_with_my_little_brother(4)在so/such that 句型中，当so/such连同其直接修饰的成分置于句首时，主句部分倒装。So moved was she that she couldnt say a word(5)在if虚拟条件句中，当省略if时，应将were/had/should置于主语之前，形成部分倒装。Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home(6)as/though意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时用倒装结构。Tired as he was, he still went on with his workStrange though it seems, it is true限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1(2018北京高考)In any unsafe situation, simply _ (press) the button and a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need答案：press句意：在任何危险的情况下，仅仅摁一下按钮，那么一个高度训练的代理人将使你获得你需要的帮助。分析句子的结构可知，此处是“祈使句and一般将来时”的固定结构。2(2019邢台市高三上学期第一次月考)It was through her study of caterpillars _ she discovered the truth about their life cycles答案：that句意：正是通过她对于毛毛虫的研究，她才发现了它们生命轮回的真相。本句是强调句型“It is/was that ”，被强调部分是through her study of caterpillars，故填that。 3(2018全国卷)Diets have changed in Chinaand so too _ its top crop答案：has该句是一个倒装句。当前面的句子是肯定句时，用“so助动词主语”表示“某人也”。助动词的选用根据前面句子的谓语动词来判断。4(2018惠州市高三第二次调研考试)It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university _ attracts the publics attention答案：that此处是强调句型。去掉It is和设空处后，句意仍完整，强调主语，故用that。5(2018天津高考)Im moving in a few days and I wonder if you could helpYou bet Just let me know when, _ Ill be there答案：and该句式是“祈使句and简单句”，祈使句相当于条件，简单句相当于主句。6(2019山东省德州市武城二中高三月考)Not until he retired from teaching two years ago _ he consider having a holiday abroad答案：did句意：直到他两年前从教育战线上退休，他才考虑去国外度假。not until结构位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装语序，同时后面是实义动词，根据two years ago判断句子用一般过去时，答案为did。7(2019河南周口中英文学校高三月考)_ I wish my work could be settled within a day! 答案：How句意：我多么希望我的工作可以一天里解决！根据语境可知，本题是一个感叹句，how修饰整个句子，因此填How。8(2019河北省衡水中学高三上学期二调考试)She opened it and let out a deep breath Inside it _ (be) two sharp knives答案：were句意：她打开它，深深地吸了一口气。里面是两把锋利的刀。介词Inside在句首，句子应用倒装语序，主语是two sharp knives，是复数形式，与之一致谓语也用复数，结合上句的opened，可知填were。9(2018重庆市巴蜀中学高三适应性月考)You are supposed to keep your room as tidy _ possible答案：as句意：你应该尽可能使屋子保持整洁。本句中含有as as possible结构，意为“尽可能”。10(2018湖南师大附中高考模拟)There is no doubt that eating organic food will make you healthier, is _？ 答案：there句意：毫无疑问，食用有机食物会使你更健康，是吗？考查反意疑问句。根据语境来确定反意疑问部分用there。11(2018河北省重点中学联考)_ fun it is to take a rest after a long period of swimming!答案：What句意：长时间游泳之后好好休息一下真的很快乐！考查感叹句。what后加名词。12(2018唐山市高三三模)Between the two generations, it is often not their age, but their education _ causes misunderstanding答案：that句意：在这两代人之间，引起误会的常常不是年龄而是教育。此处为强调句型“It is/was that”。被强调部分为not their age, but their education，故答案为that。13(2018福建省高三毕业班质量检测)Only then _ the workers realize how serious the situation had been答案：did句意：只有在那时工人们才意识到形势有多严峻。考查倒装。“Only副词”放在句首，要使用部分倒装且时间状语为then，故填did。14(2018河南省中原名校高三第六次质量检测)Never before _ I seen such a wonderful park, where Id like to pay a visit again答案：have句意： 我从没见过这么美丽的公园，我想再来参观一次。否定副词短语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装形式；never before常与现在完成时连用。15(2018重庆巴蜀中学高三适应性月考)Not only _ you make yourself understood, but you also keep the listeners engaged答案：do句意：你不仅要使他人明白你的话，而且也要让听众融入到谈话中。not only放在句首，该分句用倒装语序，故填do。16(2018湖南省邵阳市高三模拟)For a moment nothing happened; then _ (come) cheers from the excited audience答案：came句意：片刻间什么也没发生，然后从兴奋的观众那里传来了欢呼声。考查then位于句首的完全倒装。根据语境，设空处填所给动词的过去式。17(2018哈尔滨六中高三第二次模拟)Wheat is growing very nicely here; _ is rice答案：so句意：这里的小麦长得很好，水稻也是。“so助动词主语”，表示前一分句描述的情形也适合后一分句的人或物。18(2018湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量检测)_ you make a mistake, you werent supposed to feel embarrassed You know, people make mistakes 答案：Should句意：如果你犯了错误，你不应该感到尴尬。毕竟，人都会犯错误。此处是表示对将来情形的假设，从句中省略了if，将should提前，故填Should。 19(2018广东省佛山市高三质量检测)He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat, but _ seemed to be no end to it 答案：there后一分句含有there be句型，there seemed to be “似乎有”，故填there。20(2018天津和平区一模)Im sorry _ it not been for my illness, I would have come and lent you a helping hand答案：Had句意：对不起。要不是因为我生病，我就会过来帮你了。此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，即条件从句应为：If it hadnt been for my illness将if省去，需把had提到句首，变为倒装句式，故设空处填had，且had的首字母要大写。21(2016江苏高考)Not until recently _ they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas答案：did句意：直到近期，他们才开始鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游有关的活动。not until位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装。此处指过去所发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故答案为did。22(2018四川四校联考)The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle _ dangerous a scene it was!答案：How句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车沿着机动车道全速而来。多危险的一幕啊！此处为感叹句式“How形容词a/an名词单数主语谓语！”故填How。23(2016全国卷)It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about答案：make句意：它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情，但是，无论它是什么，务必保证它是让你释放每天的压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。24(2018安徽模拟)John has not yet passed the driving test, and neither _ Henry答案：has句意：约翰还没有通过驾照考试，亨利也没有通过。否定副词neither置于句首，后面的主谓语应用部分倒装。根据上一分句中的谓语动词“has passed(现在完成时)”和该分句的主语Henry可推知，设空处答案为has。25(2018陕西渭南模拟)On the top of the hill _ (stand) a temple where the old man once lived答案：stands句意：山顶上有座庙，这位老人曾经在那里住过。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，该句的主谓部分应完全倒装。本句的主语为a temple(第三人称单数)，故设空处为stands。26(2018广西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while _ (train) him答案：training句意：弗雷迪在培训他期间给他提供工作和住房，并借给他零花钱。根据宾语him判断，train在此是动词，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，均为Freddy，且Freddy与train之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词。while training him相当于while he was training him。27(2018安徽六校联考)_is it that he is not so friendly as he used to be?答案：How/Why句意：他怎么/为什么不如过去友好了呢？本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，即“特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他？”。本句改为普通句型后为“_ is he not so friendly as he used to be？”28(2018重庆模拟)Absurd _ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa答案：as/though句意：虽然那听起来很荒诞，但是在场的每个人都被他在非洲的历险故事逗笑了。as, though和although均可引导让步状语从句，as, though引导让步状语从句时应用倒装语序，although不倒装，本句中表语提前，故用as/though。29(2018重庆模拟)I like this dress better than that one_ do I; but it costs almost twice as much答案：So句意：与那条连衣裙相比，我更喜欢这条。我也是，但这条连衣裙的价格几乎是那条的两倍。此处为部分倒装。“so助动词主语”表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。30(2019浙江杭州一次质检)A child, if actively _ (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things答案：engaged句意：如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动，他能学会许多东西。本句为省略句。将本句补全后为：If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things把相同的主语a child和be动词省去，故填engaged。二、单句改错1(2018山西孝义高三一模)The drivers dont agree to the deal, so do the passengers _答案：soneither/nor前面是dont，后面也应该使用否定词neither或者nor，而so用于肯定句中。2(2018广东仲元中学模拟)Only by focusing her attention on her work the woman forget her worries_答案：the前加can/could以only介词短语放在句首的句子，使用部分倒装，结合句意，在the前加can/could。3(2018江西新余高三模拟)Looking on the bright side of things, and you will live happily_答案：LookingLook句意：如果看事情的光明面，你就可以活得很快乐。根据句中and可知此处是并列句，所以and前面应该是一个祈使句，表条件。4(2019惠州市高三第一次调研)None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we knew how to use gardening tools_答案：knewknow句意：我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。nor放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，所以助动词did在前，此处谓语动词用原形。5(2019湖南长郡中学高三月考)It was not until his third match in 1790 when he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England_答案：whenthat句意：正是直到1790年第三次比赛时，他才最后打败Humphries，而成为英国的冠军。本题是一个强调句型，强调“not until ”部分，而不是when引导的定语从句，故改为that。6(2018山东省枣庄一模)Seldom I go out alone in the evening_答案：Seldom后加do表示否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子应用部分倒装；本句描述惯常行为，故用一般现在时。7(2018河北衡水模拟)Though urging to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons _答案：urgingurged句意：尽管被催促了很多次，这个小男孩充耳不闻，继续看卡通片。Though urging to go to bed many times部分是一个省略句，urge和主句的主语之间存在动宾关系，故改为urged。8(2018四川联考)In front of the stadium stand a long queue waiting for the stars arrival_答案：standstands介词短语置于句首时，句子应用全部倒装，句子的主语是a long queue，因此谓语动词应用单数形式。9(2018江苏溧阳竹篑中学模拟)Much although I have traveled, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John_答案：althoughas/though当as/though表示“虽然，尽管”来引导让步状语从句时，从句应用倒装语序，但是although不能倒装。10(2019山西太原检测)There have a time when we young people believe that our parents should stop offering their advice_答案：haveis句意：有这么一段时间，我们年轻人认为我们的父母应该停止提出建议。此处为“there be”句型。There is a time when “有一段时间”。11(2018湖南调研)Thats all Thank you Some questions?_答案：SomeAny由语境可知本句为省略句，且为一般疑问句，故将Some改为Any。some作“一些”讲时，常用在肯定句中，而any常用在疑问句中。12(2018陕西全真模拟)In a word, success is important, and so does failure, because its the mother of success_答案：doesis句意：总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为失败乃成功之母。因为“success is important”的谓语动词是系动词is，故将does改为is。13(2018南昌三校联考)When was it he made up his mind to take this lesson?_答案：it后加that本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，结构为“特殊疑问词was/isitthat/who其他？”。14(2018河北联考)It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times_答案：himhe本句为强调句型。被强调的部分为句子主语，故将him改为he。15(2018河北质检)I asked Charles to see the movie, but he didnt want_答案：want后加to此处为不定式的省略。不定式在省略时，可以省略动词但
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