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疯狂专练二十 七选五之逻辑关系型基础题一、【2019北京卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 1 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent? 2 They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed for football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3 In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” 4 Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force. 5 An A-team may require a balancenot just A players, but a few generous B players as well.A. Its not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.易错题一、【2019年湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Helpful ways to deal with a know-it-all friendSometimes having a friend who thinks she knows everything and always offers her unsolicited(主动提供的) advice can really make one upset. But with some ways to deal with know-it-all, you can easily cope with that friend. Also a know-it-all friend often acts as if she were the best. 1 Try to understand. There may be a reason why your know-it-all friend does so. Maybe she has low self-esteem(自尊), or shes not happy in her life. 2 This tip is very important, especially if the know-it-all is your best friend.Give her a little attention. Giving a little attention is one of the best ways to deal with a know-it-all friend. Show some enthusiasm about what the know-it-all says to give her enough attention. 3 Or this can lead to her giving more unsolicited advice. 4 Often the know-it-all friend can say some not-so-nice things, and these things are usually about you. Instead of thinking that something is not okay with you, never take her comments and advice personally. If you do so, you may really begin to become unnecessarily anxious.Have a talk with her. If youre sick and tired of all those unsolicited advice, come right out with it. Speak politely and dont insult(辱骂) her. Try to find a good time to talk to her. 5 Tell your know-it-all friend how it makes you feel and maybe she will respond well.A. Feel free to ignore her all the time.B. Dont take her comments personally.C. However, make sure you dont overdo it.D. Try not to go to those places where you think shell be.E. If you have such a friend, here are a few tips on coping with her.F. Try to understand her and understand why she acts the way that she does.G. You need to know what youre going to say and be sure to use only kind words.二、【2019届山东师范大学附属中学高三最后打靶题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There have been a lot of comments recently surrounding 5G, the next generation of wireless technology. 1 How might it change our lives?5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity(容量). 2 It is expected to permit more users to do more things at a faster rate.However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different from the earlier systems. 3 It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.5G will help fuel future “smart cities” by connecting sensor networks. 5G is also expected to connect self-driving cars and support new technologies involving virtual reality(虚拟现实). Higher 5G speeds could also permit doctors to commonly perform remote medical operations. Factories and businesses could use 5G technology to increase automation and improve the collection of information. 4 The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data. In addition, the wider use of a 5G wireless network means any breakdown of the system would have more widespread and severe results. Such difficulties could affect public safety. 5 or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.A. Why is 5G so popular?B. What is this technology?C. Every coin has two sides.D. The new 5G system promises more of the same.E. It will move beyond mobile network technology.F. A breakdown of 5G networks may cause economic losses,G. A failure during a doctors remote operation could lead to death,高考题一、【2018全国卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 1 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._2 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there are really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 3 . Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 4 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 5 .A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever youre looking forC. If youre experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar withE. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways二、【2018全国卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. 1 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. 2 Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.” 3 “I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 4 ”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 5 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.”A. So why do we dance?B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D. My older students say it makes them feel young.E. I keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.模拟题一、【2019年安庆市高三二模】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Choosing a major is a very important thing in our life. However, at extremely challenging. So its necessary to learn some simple tips that much easier. 1 . And how does that choice affect your future career? We can help guide you in choosing a major.Your major is your primary field of study in your undergraduate(大学的) program. It is the subject in which you earn your bachelors degree. After completing a list of general education courses, you spend the rest of the time studying one subject of your choice. 2 .For many students, its best to try out different classes to figure out a major youll like, but you need to have a couple of solid choices. 3 , you should begin taking courses you are required to complete before graduation, so it will decrease your chances of needing to switch majors later because you already know what to expect. 4 , you should begin thinking about how your field will lead to a job as soon as possible. Consider clubs, research programs and part-time jobs related to potential career choices for your major.For more career-specific majors like nursing and engineering, the majority of your studies will include skills that can be used in a future job. 5 . The sooner you begin working in a lab, on research projects or helping as a teaching assistant for a professor, the better youll be able to figure out your career.A. You have to think of ways to choose a majorB. Be sure that you choose a major that suits your interestsC. Once you have a better idea of which major you like bestD. While your major may or may not lead directly to a careerE. Do some research to find out which majors can help you get that jobF. Roughly one-third to one-half of your courses will be related to your majorG. However, you should still consider doing activities outside of the classroom to better prepare you二、【2019江西南昌二中、临川一中高三联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When I first came to UK from China at 6, I entered the first grade. 1 . I saw children throw their leftover food into the large trash cansfrom halfeaten pizzas to untouched burgers. I watched them pour their milk into a white bucket. In China, this was a huge nono in school. We had to finish everything.One day, my first grade teacher announced that we would be having a party and everyone was told to bring something from their country. 2 . My mom stayed up after her long day of work and made many dumplings. She put them in the fridge and woke up early in the morning to steam them and fry them so they would taste extra fresh when I brought them to school. They smelled great and looked golden brown after they were cooked.I was so excited to share these with my classmates and teachers. It was placed in the corner of the table next to all the other delicious food. 3 . One or two kids bravely took a piece and knew what they were because they had it with their parents at a Chinese restaurant. At the end of the party, it was cleanup. My teacher walked up to me and asked, pointing to the dumplings, “Would you like to take these home?” I carefully replied，“No. 4 .” I thought she was going to share it with other teachers, but immediately after I said that, she threw all the dumplings into the trash and continued cleaning. I was confused: what just happened? 5 . And today I still witness this frequently in my English friends. Please eat all your food or take it to go or share it or just get enough so you dont have to throw it away. Thank you.A. In China, “no” usually means “yes”B. I got super excited and told my parentsC. It was very impolite to take your gift homeD. This was the biggest culture shock I have experiencedE. When I got home, I shared the experience with my parentsF. Many kids had the cookies and juices and were hesitant to try the dumplingsG. I didnt understand why kids were getting their lunch food and not finishing it13答案与解析基础题一、【答案】1-5 BEGDF【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅需要最好的球员，也需要一些优良的普通球员。1. 上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人才”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。2. 下文说他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。3. 上文说为了解释这一现象，研究人员研究为了取得团队的好成绩时球员们需要协作配合的程度。下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。4. 上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。5. 下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优良的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。易错题一、【答案】1-5EFCBG【解析】本文为议论文。有时，有一个朋友认为她什么都知道，总是主动提出建议，这真的会让人心烦意乱。作者给出了一些对付无所不知的人的方法。1. 根据上文“有时，有一个朋友认为她什么都知道，总是主动提出建议，这真的会让人心烦意乱。”及下文对“对付无所不知的朋友的有效方法”的论述可知，E项“如果你有这样的朋友，这里有一些对付她的方法。”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。2. 根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自卑，或者她的生活不快乐。”可知，F项“试着去理解她，理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。3. 根据上文“对无所不知的人所说的话表现出一些热情，给予她足够的关注”及下文“否则会导致她主动提出更多的建议”可知，C项“但是，确保不要过度热情。”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。4. 根据下文“不要认为你有什么问题，永远不要把她的意见和建议放在心上。”可知，B项“不要把她的话当真”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。5. 根据上文“说话要有礼貌，不要侮辱她。找个好时间和她谈谈。”可知，G项“你需要知道你要说什么，并且确保只说善意的话”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。【点拨】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所以一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第2小题，根据上文“试着去理解。也许你那位无所不知的朋友这样做是有原因的。也许她自卑，或者她的生活不快乐。”可知，F项“试着去理解她，理解她为什么这样做。”符合此处语境。其中文章中的“Try to understand”与F选项中的“Try to understand”相对应，另外文章中的“why your know-it-all friend does so”与F选项中的“why she acts the way that she does.”相对应。由此确定正确答案是F选项。二、【答案】1-5BDECG【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍5G技术及其优点和同时存在的安全风险。1. 分析文章结构可知，本文属于总分结构，文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开来写，根据第二段“5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.”可知，第一个问题是关于5G概念，故选B。2. 根据前一句“Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity(容量).”可知，每一项新的通信技术都会提升速度，扩大容量。讲述新技术的作用，D选项（而5G会带来更多的东西）中的“of the same”与前一句呼应，切题，故选D。3. 根据后一句“It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.”可知，与其他通信技术相比，5G会影响更多的设备和产业，E选项（它的影响超过移动网络技术），后一句进一步说明该句，切题，故选E。4. 根据后文“The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.”可知，本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险，故选C。5. 根据后一句“or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.”可知，网络故障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸，讲述5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利作用，G选项（远程手术的失败可能造成病人死亡），本句是对前一句的具体阐述，切题，故选G。【点拨】七选五做题技巧。做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。比如小题1，分析文章结构可知，本文属于总分结构，文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开来写，根据第二段“5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.”可知，第一个问题是关于5G概念，故选B。高考题一、【答案】1-5BADGF【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。1. 逗号“,”后面是一个简单句，可知该空是一个从句，上文提到“你需要充满活力的房间吗？职业化的？还是在寻找一处忙碌了一整天后放松的地方？”可知接下来将是对上文的总结，不论你找什么样的房间，颜色是关键。且选项B中的“looking for”和上文的“want”呼应。故选B。2. 同理，可知该空是一个从句，空格上一句提到“多年来，有许多技术帮助设计者达到这一目标。”由此可推断“这些技术都很有用”，选项A中的“them”指代的是“different techniques”。故选A。3. 上一段结尾提到三种选择：the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品，如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是“small color choices”。故选D。4. 该空下一句提到中等物品颜色的选择和小物品作比较的两个方面：一是花费，二是对空间感觉的影响。与选项G中“two major ways”相呼应。故选G。5. 该空上一句提到，大的方面的颜色选择所投入的时间、精力和相关费用都是相当多的。与选项F中的“pay”相呼应。故选F。二、【答案】1-5BDAFE【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。1. 根据后文“We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.”等可知，这里是说在美国到处有人跳舞，从佛罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，故选B。2. 根据前文可知舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的事情。再根据后句“its great to watch them”，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处，故选D。3. 根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。4. 根据前句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.” 所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。5. 根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。模拟题一、【答案】1-5AFCDG【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何选主修课程给出了一些实用性的建议。1. 根据上文的“So its necessary to learn some simple tips that will make your decision much easier.”（因此，有必要学习一些简单的技巧，让你更容易做决定）和下文的“And how does that choice affect your future career?” （这个选择对你未来的职业有什么影响?）可知，选项A“你必须想办法选择专业”与上下文的衔接最紧密，故选A。2. 根据上文的“After completing a list of general education courses, you spend the rest of the time studying one subject of your choice.”可知，完成公共课程后，你把剩下的时间花在学习你选择的一个科目上。此处是关于学习的课程，由此可推断出，选项F“大约三分之一到一半的课程与你的专业相关”与上文语境最相符。故选F。3.根据下文的“you should begin taking courses you are required to complete before graduation.” 可知，应该是先选定专业，然后开始选所需要修完的课程。由此可推断出选项C“一旦你知道了自己最喜欢的专业”与下文衔接最恰当。故选C。4.本段主要讲了你应该尽早开始思考你的专业知识会如何帮你找到一份工作，考虑与你专业相关的潜在职业和兼职工作。由此可知，作为本段的首句（主旨句），应涵盖本段的主要内容，因此选项D“而你的专业可能直接或间接塑造你的职业生涯”最合题意。故选D。5. 根据上文提到对于一些像护理或工程类这样的专业，你在校的大部分学习内容会包括在未来工作中可以使用的技能。再结合下文说：你越早开始在实验室工作，做研究项目，或协助教授助教，你就越能更好地规划自己的职业生涯。由此可知，选项G“然而，你仍然应该考虑课外活动，以更好地为自己的未来的职业规划做准备。”与上下文的衔接最合适，故选G。二、【答案】1-5GBFCD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在英国经历的文化冲击。1. 根据下文 “I saw children throw their leftover food into the large trash cansfrom halfeaten pizzas to untouched burgers.”可知，作者看到孩子们把剩下的食物扔进大垃圾桶，从吃了一半的比萨到没动过的汉堡都有。G项“我不明白为什么孩子们吃午饭却不吃完”引出下文，符合语境。故选G。2. 根据上文“One day, my first grade teacher announced that we would be having a party and everyone was told to bring something from their country.”可知，有一天，作者的一年级老师宣布要举办一个聚会，并要求每个人带些自己国家的东西。B项“我非常兴奋并告诉了我的父母”承接上文，符合语境。故选B。3. 根据下文“One or two kids bravely took a piece and knew what they were because they had it with their parents at a Chinese restaurant.”可知，一两个孩子勇敢地尝了一下，因为他们和父母在中餐馆吃过，所以知道是什么。F项“许多孩子吃了饼干、喝了果汁，不愿意吃饺子”引出下文，符合语境。故选F。4. 根据上文中的“ Would you like to take these home? I carefully replied, No. ”可知，老师问作者是否想把饺子带回家，作者拒绝了。C项“把礼物带回家是很不礼貌的”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。5. 根据下文“And today I still witness this frequently in my English friends.”可知，今天作者仍然经常在他的英国朋友身上看到这一点。D项“这是我所经历过的最大的文化冲击”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。
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