2022高考英语一轮达标 Unit 1 A land of diversity练题（含解析）新人教版选修8

2022高考英语一轮达标 Unit 1 A land of diversity练题（含解析）新人教版选修8一、阅读理解。As my husband，Doug，stood on the busy New York city street trying to stop a cab, I angled the stroller(婴儿车)away from the cold December wind and rain.I knelt down and kissed my daughter on her cheek where veins crept up(静脉突出)the side of her tiny face.Frustrated and wet，my husband gave up his attempt to flag down a cab.I knew the feeling.Just after her first birthday，our daughter Katie was diagnosed with a rare brain disorder.Since that moment，Doug and I felt like runners in a marathon race where the finish line kept disappearing.We knew Katie was running out of time.It had taken months before we finally had a name for the disorder，vein of Galen malformation，but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries.Now，as we finally found a brilliant doctor to save our girl，we were trapped in a strange city in the cold rain.Just at the moment，a middleaged woman pulled over and said，“Pardon me？May I offer you a ride？”Before we could say anything，she continued，“Its really no trouble for me.Just get on.”It was then that I noticed her thick Irish tongue，an accent that warmed me like hot soup.We could simply say，“Thanks！Roosevelt Hospital，please，” and settled in her car for the ride.I dont know how she knew，maybe she noticed the veins and asked，“Are you going for the baby？”I nodded my head，choking back a tiny sob.At the hospital we thanked her a dozen times for the ride.The woman hugged me and I noticed her face was wet with tears in worry.She promised to pray for us before she left.After three more visits to New York and two more brain surgeries，Katie is cured.But the voice of the Irish Angel still rang as a constant reminder of a tiny ray of light that appeared on our darkest days.1What were the family doing on the street?AWatching a marathon race.BProtecting their daughter from cold.CTrying to ride a taxi.DPlaying with their daughter.2What was the trouble with Katies illness?AIt was a terrible brain cancer.BIt was impossible to be cured.CIt was hard to name the disease.DIts surgeries were hard to perform.3Why was the woman driver in tears when leaving?ABecause she knew the girl had run out of time.BBecause she had sympathy for the familys misfortune.CBecause the family promised to pray for her.DBecause there were veins on the little girls face.4Whats the best title for this passage?AAn Irish Angel in New YorkBAn Adventure in New YorkCAn Angel of Roosevelt HospitalDAn Unforgettable Cab Ride【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿患了一种罕见的脑紊乱，可世上能做这种精准手术的医生屈指可数。作者一家来到纽约求医，却在雨天打不到出租车。后来在一名素不相识的带有爱尔兰口音的好心人的帮助下赶到了医院。最终经过几次手术女儿康复了。长难句分析：It had taken months before we finally had a name for the disorder, vein of Galen malformation，but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries.(第二段倒数第二句)译文：过了几个月我们才最终得知这个病的名字是Galen静脉畸形，但是世上能够具备做这种精准手术资历的医生屈指可数。词汇积累：frustrated adj.沮丧的，绝望的precise adj.精准的 a handful of一小部分，少量的1C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“trying to stop a cab”及第二段第一句“Frustrated and wet，my husband gave up his attempt to flag down a cab.”可知，他们在街头努力打一辆出租车。故选C。2D细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句中的“but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries”可知，治疗Katie的病的手术很难做。故选D。3B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句“The woman hugged me and I noticed her face was wet with tears in worry.She promised to pray for us before she left.”可推知，这位女司机了解了孩子的病情后，对这一家人的不幸遭遇表示同情。故选B。4A标题概括题。纵观全文，从开头描写在纽约街头作者一家拦车无果到最后孩子的得救，中间的一个核心人物就是素不相识的爱尔兰女人。在作者夫妇眼中，这个女人就是他们的天使。故“纽约的爱尔兰天使”符合题意。故选A。二、单句语法填空1They are likely _ (fire) by the pany just because of their fault.答案：to be firedSb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。主语they与fire之间为被动关系，故应填不定式的被动形式。2The majority of the interviewees _ (prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema.答案：preferthe majority of . 作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。由interviewees可知谓语动词应用复数形式。3It suddenly occurred _ him that he should adopt the homeless child.答案：toIt (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that . “某人突然想起某事”。4Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive _ (punish)答案：punishment句中动词receive后缺宾语，故应填名词punishment作宾语。5We should not have _ (race) discrimination.答案：racial句中缺少一形容词来修饰名词discrimination, 故填racial “种族的”。6She became the first black woman _ (elect) to the Senate.答案：to be elected当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，则常用动词不定式来充当其后置定语，且elect与black woman之间为被动关系，故填to be elected。7He couldnt express himself correctly _ means of words.答案：byby means of . “借助于；用；通过方法”。8She _ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake.答案：slipped句意：她趁别人还没醒，溜出了房子。分析句子结构可知该空为句子的谓语动词，由从句中动词时态were可知，应用一般过去时。9_ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current driving license.答案：To hire句意：若想租车，你需要出示护照及当前驾照。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。10By the time she knew the news, John _ (fly) to America.答案：had flown由By the time引导的从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句应用过去完成时，故应填had flown。三、完形填空。Ten years ago，a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed.I was totally _1_ and felt I was suddenly placed under _2_ of death with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)After careful thought，I _3_ my affairs；then I went home and got into bed.But 2 years later，I left my bed and _4_ the long climb back.It was another year _5_ I made it.I speak of this experience because these past years have _6_ me what to value and what to believe.I _7_ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蛎)to be opened but my _8_ to be grasped.Ive also learned that its necessary to _9_ those little，allimportant things I never thought I would _10_ before：the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree，the _11_ of sunlight on running water.I seem now，with some of the _12_ freshness of childhood，to hear and see.How well，_13_，I recall the touch of the earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed.It was like _14_ ones citizenship in a world one had nearly lost.Frequently，I _15_ myself that I need make notes of this _16_.Im living in now，because in it Im well，_17_，doing what I like best.It wont always be like this，_18_ Ill make the most of it and be grateful.I _19_ all this to that long time spent in bed.Wiser people e to this _20_ without having to acquire it the hard way.But I wasnt wise enough.Im wiser now，a little，and happier.1A.confusedBshockedCdetermined Dannoyed2A.trial BpressureCsentence Dcontrol3A.made up Bset upCtook up Dcleared up4A.recalled BbeganCavoided Daccepted5A.when BafterCsince Dbefore6A.assigned BtaughtCtreated Dassured7A.admit BdemandCexpect Drealize8A.knowledge BopportunityCattention Dpoint9A.dismiss BlistCdefine Dappreciate10A.notice BrecordCremember Dtrack11A.shadow BshakeCplay Dfeeling12A.damaged BrecoveredCfaded Dchanged13A.in contrast Bin returnCfor instance Dby chance14A.maintaining BregainingCdiscovering Dforgetting15A.remind BpromiseCadvise Dconvince16A.country BmomentCmemory Dinspiration17A.pleased BcourageousCconfident Dstrong18A.meanwhile BotherwiseChowever Dtherefore19A.apply BoweCcontribute Dadapt20A.awareness BagreementCment Dpromise【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。1B根据上文中的“Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，当被告知自己的肺部出了问题且不得不立即放弃工作卧床休息时作者感到非常震惊(shocked)。confused“困惑的”； annoyed“恼怒的”。2C作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的“with an indefinite reprieve(缓刑)”可知，此处应选sentence“宣判，判刑”。under sentence of death“被判处死刑”。3D仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的“I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，clear up“解决，清理”符合语境。make up“组成，编造”；set up“设立”；take up“开始从事，占据”。4B两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的“攀登”。recall“回忆起”；avoid“避免”；accept“接受”。5D过了一年，作者就做到了。It was/is一段时间before.是固定句型，意为“过了才/就”。6B作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。assign“分配，分派”；treat“招待”；assure“使确信”。7D现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会。admit“承认”；expect“期待，期望”。8B参见上题解析。grasp the opportunity“抓住机会”，是固定搭配。knowledge“知识”；attention“注意力”；point“观点”。9D作者也学会了欣赏(appreciate)那些不起眼的但却很重要的东西，而作者之前从未想过自己会去注意这些东西。dismiss“不予理会，不予考虑”；list“列举”； define“给下定义，解释”。10. A参见上题解析。notice“注意到”；record“记录”；remember“记得”；track“跟踪”。11C根据上文中的“the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree”和下文中的“I seem nowto hear and see”可知，此处指的应是作者以前不会注意到的东西。play“轻快变幻的动作，闪烁”，the play of sunlight on water“阳光在水面上的闪烁”。12B作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered“重新获得的，重新找到的”，符合语境。13C比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。for instance“比如，例如”，符合语境。in contrast“相反”；in return“作为回报”；by chance“偶然地”。14B这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain“重新得到”和下文的“lost”相对应。maintain“维持”；discover“发现”；forget“忘记”。15A作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。remind“提醒”，符合语境。promise“许诺，允诺”；convince“使相信”。16B参见上题解析。moment“时刻”；inspiration“灵感”。17A参见第15题解析。pleased“快乐的，高兴的”；courageous“勇敢的”；confident“自信的”；strong“坚强的”。下文中的“Im wiser now，a little，and happier”亦是提示。18D它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。meanwhile“与此同时”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。19B作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe.to.“把归功于”，是固定用法。20A更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness“意识，明白”符合语境。promise“妥协”。四、单句改错1This is believed that hard work can lead to success._答案：ThisIt It is believed that . “人们相信”，其中it为形式主语。2An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park._答案：occurred后加tosth. occurs/occurred to sb. “某人突然想起某事”。3A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet._答案：去掉第一个ofa great/good many直接修饰可数名词复数，只有当名词前有限定词the/these/those/ones等时，才用a great/good many of短语。4We regret to inform you that our pany has hired on another girl for the job of secretary._答案：去掉onhire “雇用；租用”，为及物动词，后面不需加介词。5They will carry out the plan in this means._答案：inbyby this means “用这种方法”。五、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Your phone is running low on power while you are waiting to fly out of an airport.Then you discover a public USB charging area close by. _1_ Then you take a deep breath and sit back, happy to get the power for free.What could go wrong? Plenty.In addition to providing an electrical current, phone charging cords can send and receive data. That free USB charging hub at an airport, hotel or any other public place may not only charge your phone. _2_ The USB charging hub could be connecting to your phone and copying your contact list, email and text messages, voice mail, photographs and videos. It can also copy passwords, banking information and any other information stored on your phone.If you want to charge your phone while traveling, you have other choices that do not increase your risks.Connect your phone only to electrical outlets so data transfer is not possible. _3_ It is better to use a distant wall outlet than a nearby USB charging hub.Carry an extra, fullycharged battery. Having one means you can charge your phone without having to worry about carrying a special cord or finding a power outlet. _4_If you must use a public USB charging center, be sure to turn off your phone pletely._5_ But it will reduce the chances of it happening, depending on what phone you have.ARemember to fully charge your phone before you leave home or work.BIt also could be transferring information to and from the device.CThe public USB charging hub may even download programs to your phone.DThis may or may not prevent data transfer.EYou can charge your phone with the extra battery wherever you are.FAn available outlet may not be as near as a USB charging hub, but the few extra steps may keep your information safe.GYou quickly reach for a charge cord and connect your phone to the charging hub.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在飞机场候机时，给处于低电状态的手机安全充电的方法。1G上文说你会发现附近有一个公共的USB充电区域，空处下文提到你深吸一口气，舒服地坐好，为免费充电而高兴。所以空处应表示你把手机连接到充电口进行充电，故选G项“你很快拿到一根充电线，并把你的手机连接到充电中心”。2B上文说机场、酒店或其他公共场所的免费USB充电中心，不仅可以给你的手机充电，再结合空后一句可知，空处应表示USB充电中心的其他作用。B项提到它还可以把信息传入或输出设备，前后语义衔接，故选B。且B项中的also与空前一句中的not only相呼应。3F根据空处所在段的内容可知，本段推荐使用距离稍远的墙上的电源插座，而不用邻近的USB充电中心，这样可以保证手机信息的安全。F项说一个可用的墙上的电源插座可能不像USB充电中心那么近，但是多走几步可以保证你的信息安全，前后逻辑关系紧密，故选F。4E本段的主旨是携带一个额外的，充满电的电池，而E项说无论你在哪里，你都可以用这个额外的电池给手机充电，为具体描述，故选E。5D上文提到如果必须使用USB充电中心充电，确保将手机彻底关机。下文说但这将减少发生这种情况的机会。故D项“这可能会阻止数据传输，也可能不会”符合语境。D项中的This指代关机这个行为，故选D。