考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考前自测提分卷95(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题It is regrettable that students do not （ ）their student loans and thereby make it more problematic for future generations of students to obtain them.问题1选项A.reimburseB.refurbishC.relinquishD.recount【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。reimburse 偿还，归还； refurbish 再磨光，刷新； relinquish 放弃，弃绝； recount 详述，重新计算。 句意：令人遗憾的是，学生没有偿还他们的助学贷款，以致于后来的学生在助学贷款的申请上面临更大的问题。根据thereby make it more problematic for future generations of students to obtain them.可知A项最符合题意。2.单选题In the midst of so many evasive comments, this forthright statement, whatever its intrinsic merit, plainly stands out as （ ）.问题1选项A.an anomalyB.a profundityC.a paradigmD.a misnomer【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：在这些闪烁其词的评论当中，这个直率的言论，不管它本身的价值如何，都非常明确的表现为一个反常的评论。anomaly 异常，反常事物；profundity深刻，深度；paradigm 范例；misnomer用词不当，误称。 句中提到的this forthright statement是众多言论中的一个，单独针对这个直率的言论，且不作任何评价，但也说明这个有与众不同的地方。故答案为A。3.单选题The two paintings by the great artist embody the （ ）style of the times and the impulses that would transform Chinese contemporary art.问题1选项A.iconoclasticB.heterodoxyC.recluseD.phantasmal【答案】A【解析】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。iconoclastic 打破旧习的；偶像破坏的； heterodoxy 异端，异端邪说；recluse 隐居的；phantasmal 幻影的；幽灵的；空想的。句意：这位伟大的艺术家所作的这两幅画体现了这个时代（ ）风格和将彻底改变中国当代艺术的冲动。由the impulses that would transform Chinese contemporary art.这句中的transform Chinese contemporary art“彻底改变中国当代艺术”可知空格处所填单词应具有打破旧习的意思，故答案为A。4.单选题Nowadays more and more people are interested in arranging time for exercises and （ ）to release the stress caused by the fast pace and pressure of their lives.问题1选项A.registrationB.illuminationC.mediationD.meditation【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。registration 登记；挂号；illumination 照明；阐明；mediation 调解；调停；meditation 冥想；沉思。句意：如今越来越多的人对安排时间锻炼和冥想感兴趣，为了释放生活的快节奏所带来的精神压力。只有D项符合题意。5.单选题The new biological psychiatry does not deny the contributing role of psychological factors in mental illnesses, but posits that these factors may act as a catalyst on existing physiological conditions and （ ）such illnesses.问题1选项A.disguiseB.impedeC.consummateD.precipitate【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项disguise“掩饰；假装”；B选项impede“阻碍；妨碍；阻止”；C选项consummate“完成；作成”；D选项precipitate“使（坏事）突然发生”；猛地落下”。句意：新的生物精神病学并没有否认心理因素在精神疾病中的作用，而是假设这些因素可能作为现有生理条件的催化剂而起作用，并 这类疾病。在本句中，“因素”与“疾病之间”是引起与被引起的关系。因此D选项符合题意。6.单选题There seems to be no （ ）the reading publics thirst for books about the 1960s；indeed, the normal level of interest has increased recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.问题1选项A.slakingB.referenceC.decorationD.soporific【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。slaking消散，消化； reference 参考，提及；decoration装饰；soporific催眠剂。句意：阅读群众对20世纪60年代的书籍的渴望并没有减少；事实上，由于受一连串的通俗电视纪录片的影响，普遍的兴趣还增加了。根据句意及前后关系可知A项正确。7.单选题Whenever I worried that our connection might be fading, I opened the drawer and felt his energy （ ）around me like a freed canary.问题1选项A.flutter upB.adhere toC.flash backD.queue up【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。flutter up “扑闪起来”；adhere to “坚持；粘附”；flash back“；反射”；queue up“排队等候”。句意：每当我担心我们之间的联系会逐渐淡去时，我就打开抽屉，感受他的活力就像一只放飞自由的金丝雀围绕着我。由 like a freed canary可知A项符合语境，答案A8.单选题In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been （ ）.问题1选项A.exaggeratedB.ignoredC.scrutinizedD.increased【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。exaggerate “夸大；夸张”；ignore “驳回诉讼；忽视”； scrutinize“详细检查；细看”；increase“增加，增大”。 句意：在驳斥环境灾难即将来临的断言时，她的书没有嘲笑所有关于灾难的预测，相反却声称损害的风险在很多情况下被夸大了。由but rather claims可知此处表转折，意思应与前句相反。只有A项符合题意。9.单选题By creating value, a powerful message, you can get people to come to you, instead of trying to （ ）them with your message and brand.问题1选项A.substantiateB.authenticateC.satiateD.smother【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。substantiate“证实”；authenticate“鉴定”；satiate “充分满足”；smother“使窒息，抑制”。句意：通过创造价值和强有力的信息，你就能让大家来到身边，而不要尝试用自己的信息和品牌让来让他们感到窒息。instead of表转折，而不要尝试通过 可知空格处所填单词应为贬义词，故答案为D。10.单选题Several hundred million years ago, plants similar to modem ferns covered vast stretches of the land. Some were as large as trees, with giant fronds bunched at the top of trunks as straight as pillars. Others were the size of bushes and formed thickets of me undergrowth. Still others lived in the shade of giant club mosses and horsetails along the edges of swampy lagoons where giant amphibians swam.A great number of these plants were true ferns, reproducing themselves without fruits or seeds. Others had only the appearance of ferns. Their leaves had organs of sexual reproduction and produced seeds. Although their “flowers” did not have corollas these false ferns (today completely extinct) ushered in the era of flowering plants. Traces of these flora of the earliest times have been preserved in the form of fossils. Such traces are most commonly found in shale and sandstone rocks wedged between coal beds.Today only tropical forests bear living proof of the ancient greatness of ferns. The species that grow there are no longer those of the Carboniferous period, but their variety and vast numbers, and the great size of some, remind us of the time when ferns ruled the plant kingdom.1.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of the plants described in the passage?2.What does the passage mainly discuss?问题1选项A.They once spread over large areas of land.B.They varied greatly in sizeC.They coexisted with amphibians, mosses, and horsetailsD.They clung to tree trunks and bushes for support问题2选项A.Plant reproduction.B.How to locate fossils.C.An ancient form of plant life.D.Tropical plant life.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段“Several hundred million years ago, plants similar to modem ferns covered vast stretches of the land. Some were as large as trees, with giant fronds bunched at the top of trunks as straight as pillars. Others were the size of bushes and formed thickets of me undergrowth. Still others lived in the shade of giant club mosses and horsetails along the edges of swampy lagoons where giant amphibians swam.几亿年前，类似于现代蕨类植物的植物覆盖了大片土地。有些和树一样大，树干顶端的大叶子像柱子一样直。有的像灌木丛那么大，形成了灌木丛。还有一些生活在巨大的俱乐部苔藓和马尾草的阴影下，沿着巨大的两栖动物游泳的沼泽泻湖的边缘。”可知A项“它们曾经遍布大片土地”；B项“它们的大小差别很大”；C项“它们与两栖动物、苔藓和马尾草共存”都有提及。故D项符合题意。2.主旨大意题。第一段提到的是这类植物的生存环境，和植物体特征；第二段说到繁殖情况，第三段说的是到现在只能通过热带的化石才能寻找到它们以前的生长足迹。因此，文章通篇讲的是这类植物的发展形态。故C项符合题意。