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第2节说明文题组训练一1话题：新型公路难度：建议用时：7分钟Ofalltheplasticproducedsincethe1950s，lessthan10%hasbeenrecycled.Thevastmajorityendsupbeingthrown，mostofitinlandfill.Someislefttolitterthenaturalenvironment，whereitcangetintoriversandthesea.Recycledplasticisalreadyusedtomakesomeproducts，suchasgutteringandsewagepipes.Nowattentionisturningtoroads.OnSeptember11thinZwolle，acityintheNetherlands，a30-metrebicycletrackwith70%madefromrecycledplasticandtherestfrompolypropylenewasopened.ItwillbeusedtotestaproductcalledPlasticRoad，whichisbeingdevelopedbytwoDutchfirmsKWSInfra，aroadbuilder，andWavin，afirmthatmakesplasticpipinginpartnershipwithTotal，aFrenchoilandgasfirm.PlasticRoadisprefabricated(预制的) inafactoryasmodularsections.Thesectionsarethentransportedtothesiteandlaidendtoendonasuitablefoundation，suchassand.Becausethesesectionsareemptyinside，internalchannelscanbeinstalledintothemfordrainage(排水)，alongwithpipesforservicessuchasgasandelectricity.FortheZwolleproject，sectionsthatare2.4metreslongand3metreswidewereused.Thesewerefittedwithsensorstomeasurethingssuchastemperature，flexibilityandtheflowofwaterthroughthedrainagechannels.Ifallgoeswell，theinventorshopetodeveloptheideaandmakethesectionsentirelyfromrecycledplastic.Paths，carparksandrailwayplatformscouldfollow.Eventually，sectionsforuseasactualroadsareplanned.Thesecouldcontainsensorsfortrafficmonitoring.Intime，thecircuitsintheplasticroadsmightextendtoassistingautonomousvehiclesandrechargingelectriccarswirelessly.Prefabricatedplasticroadsshouldlasttwotothreetimeslongerthanconventionalroadsandcostless，thecompaniesclaim，mainlybecauseconstructiontimewouldbereducedbyalmosttwo-thirds.Anti-slipsurfacescouldbeused，too，includingcrushedstoneswhicharetraditionallyusedtodressroadsurfaces.Thesections，whenreplaced，canalsoberecycled.Butengineerswillbewatchingtoseehowthetrackstandsuptowearandtearandifthehollowstructurecausesresonance(共振)，whichwouldmakesucharoadextremelynoisy.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出现在荷兰的新型公路PlasticRoad。1.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.ThebenefitsofPlasticRoad.B.TheprocessofmakingPlasticRoad.C.TheinspirationbehindPlasticRoad.D.ThefuturedevelopmentofPlasticRoad.答案D解析段落大意题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“hopetodeveloptheidea.Paths，carparksandrailwayplatformscouldfollow”“sectionsforuseasactualroadsareplanned”“Intime，thecircuitsintheplasticroadsmightextendto.wirelessly”可知，本段主要涉及塑料公路未来的发展。故选D。2.Howaretheplasticroadsdifferentfromthetraditionalones?A.Theycanstayingoodconditionforalongertime.B.Theirweight-bearingcapacityisrelativelyweaker.C.Theyareentirelymadefromrecycledplasticatpresent.D.Theirconstructionismorecomplexandtime-consuming.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Prefabricatedplasticroadsshouldlasttwotothreetimeslongerthanconventionalroads”可知，这种塑料公路使用寿命比传统公路长两到三倍。也就是说，相较于传统公路，塑料公路更耐用。故选A。3.Whatstheauthorspurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toshowdifferentwaystorecycleplastic.B.Toexplainthesignificanceofrecyclingplastic.C.Toinformreadersofanewproducttobuildroads.D.Tostresstheurgencyofprotectingtheenvironment.答案C解析写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型公路塑料公路。故C项最能概括作者写作本文的主要目的。2话题：广告难度：建议用时：8分钟Imagineafuturewhereourstreetsarefilledwithads200mtall，wherebillboardschangebeforeoureyestogiveuspersonalizedmessages，andwherecompaniestrackoureverymoveaswewalkthroughacity，pinging(发送) specialofferstoourphonesasweneartheirshops.Infact，alloftheseformsofadvertisingarealreadybeingtested.Letstakethefirstoftheseideas.Backin1982，sciencefictionmovieBladeRunnerpredictedafuturisticcityscapewheregiantadvertsstretchedthefullheightofskyscrapers.AndUKcompanyLightvertarenowdoingsomethingverysimilar，withonecrucialdifference.Insteadofmakingimmensephysicaladverts，theircommercialsaresentstraightintoconsumerseyes.Theydothisbyattachingastripofreflectivematerialontoabuildingandprojectinganimageontoit.Thisimagethen“bounces”outintotheworld.Whenyoupassdirectlyinfrontoftheimage，youseeit.Itappearstobehugeandhunginmid-air，butotherscantseeit.Lightvertclaimsthisformofadvertisingdoesnotstandoutandcan“unlock”largeamountsof“high-valueadvertisingrealestate”.Butnoteveryoneissoldontheideaoflivinginaworldofendlessads.InMoscow，forexample，anewformofadvertisingtargetingmotoristshassplitopinion.DriversapproachingaparticulardigitalbillboardinthecityareshownadvertsforanewkindofJaguarcar，butonlyiftheyaredrivingadifferentmakeofvehicle.Sensorsinthebillboarddetectwhatkindofcaryouaredriving，andsendyouanadbasedonthatinformation.Whilethismayseeminvasive(侵入的)，itsactuallythesafetyaspectthathasconcernedsomeobservers.ResearchersinSwedenhaveshownthatdigitalbillboardsattractoureyesforlongerthanotherkinds.Infact，theytakeourattentionawayforovertwoseconds，alengthoftimewhichhasprovedtobedangerousontheroads.Finally，wehave“proximitymarketing(邻近营销)”，whereshopsdetectwhereyouareonthehighstreetandsendtailoredadvertstoyourphone.DevicescapeisonecompanytriallingtheuseofWi-Fiasameansoftrackingcustomers.Theirtechnologycouldworkanywhere，whetherin“asupermarket，aconcerthall，orabus”，saysOwenGeddesfromtheirmarketingteam.Whatwouldcustomerssee？“Itcouldbeadiscountoffertouseintheshopthepersonisvisiting，orapieceofcontentsuchasamovietrailer，”saysMrGeddes.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。现代社会中，广告信息随处可见，这一产业的未来会是怎样的呢？我们是否会迎来这样的一天：人们走在城市的街道上，一抬头就能看到高达200米的广告？4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLightvert?A.Theyaremakinghugephysicalcommercials.B.Theyattachanimagetotheirhugecommercials.C.Theircommercialsaretargetedatalargeraudience.D.Theircommercialsareonlyvisiblefromonelocation.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whenyoupassdirectlyinfrontoftheimage，youseeit.Itappearstobehugeandhunginmid-air，butotherscantseeit.”可知，你从图像前径直走过时，就能看到它。它看起来很大而且悬浮在半空中，不过别人看不到。由此可推知，Lightvert公司的商业广告只能从某个特定的位置看到。故选D。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphimply?A.Somepeoplecantlivewithsomanyads.B.Someadsdontachievethedesiredresults.C.Somepeoplefeelconfusedaboutendlessads.D.Somepeoplearemoreusedtotraditionalads.答案A解析句意理解题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“InMoscow，forexample，anewformofadvertisingtargetingmotoristshassplitopinion.”可知，莫斯科民众对一款面向汽车司机的新广告褒贬不一，也就是说，人们对这类广告在意见上有分歧。由此可知，画线句应是指有人无法忍受这样一个被各种广告充斥的世界。故选A。6.Whatistheproblemwithdigitalbillboardsaccordingtosomeobservers?A.Theyfailtoremindpeopleofdangerontheroads.B.Theymakepeoplelessconcentratedondriving.C.Theyhaveatendencytoviolatepeoplesprivacy.D.Theyareattractivebutkindofharmfultooureyes.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“itsactuallythesafetyaspectthathasconcernedsomeobservers”“attractoureyes”“theytakeourattentionawayforovertwoseconds，alengthoftimewhichhasprovedtobedangerousontheroads”可知，一些观察员真正担心的是安全问题，因为数码广告牌会分散驾驶员的注意力，从而导致危险。故选B。7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.TheFutureofAdvertisingB.HighTechnologyinAdvertisingC.AWorldFloodedwithAdvertisingD.DifferentOpinionsonAdvertising答案A解析标题归纳题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段中的“Imagineafuturewhere.ads”可知，本文主要讲述了未来广告形式的相关内容，故A项作本文标题最佳。3话题：环境保护难度：建议用时：7分钟Theworldisliterallyagreenerplacethanitwas20yearsago，anddatafromNASAsatelliteshasrevealedasourceformuchofthisnewgreeningphenomenon：ChinaandIndia.Thisnewinsightwasmadepossiblebyanearly20-year-longdatarecordfromaNASAinstrumentorbitingtheEarthontwosatellites.Takenalltogether，thegreeningoftheplanetoverthelasttwodecadesrepresentsanincreaseinleafareaonplantsandtreesequaltotheareacoveredbyalltheAmazonrainforests.Therearenowmorethantwomillionsquaremilesofextragreenleafareaperyear，comparedtotheearly2000sa5%increase.“ChinaandIndiaaccountforone-thirdofthegreening，butcontainonly9%oftheplanetslandareacoveredinvegetation(植被)asurprisingfinding，consideringthecommonphenomenonoflanddegradation(恶化) inpopulouscountriesfromoveruse，”saidChiChen，leadauthorofthestudy.“Thislong-termdataletsusdigdeeper，”saidRamaNemani，aco-authorofthenewwork.“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstobserved，wethoughtitwasduetoawarmer，wetterclimateandfertilizationfromtheaddedcarbondioxide(CO2) intheatmosphere，leadingtomoreleafgrowthinnorthernforests.Now，withthedatathatletsusunderstandthephenomenonatreallysmallscales，weseethathumansarealsocontributing.”Chinasoutsizedcontributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcomesinlargepart(42%) fromprogramstoconserveandexpandforests.Theseweredevelopedinanefforttoreducetheeffectsofsoilerosion，airpollutionandclimatechange.Another32%there82%ofthegreeningseeninIndiacomesfromintensive(集约的) growingoffoodcrops.Howthegreeningtrendmaychangeinthefuturedependsonnumerousfactors，bothonaglobalscaleandthelocalhumanlevel.Forexample，increasedfoodproductioninIndiaispromotedbygroundwaterirrigation.Ifthegroundwaterisrunningout，thistrendmaychange.TheresearcherspointoutthatthegainingreennessseenaroundtheworldandledbyIndiaandChinadoesnotoffsetthedamagefromlossofnaturalvegetationintropicalregions，suchasBrazilandIndonesia.Theconsequencesforsustainabilityandbiodiversityinthoseecosystemsremain.Nemaniisprettyexcitedaboutthefindings，andnotjustbecausethegreener，thebetter.“Oncepeoplerealizetheresaproblem，theytendtofixit，”hesaid.“Inthe70sand80sinIndiaandChina，thesituationaroundvegetationlosswasntgood；inthe90s，peoplerealizedit；andtodaythingshaveimproved.Humansareincrediblyadaptable.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。NASA的卫星资料显示，中国和印度的行动主导了地球变绿。8.TheEarthisgettinggreenermainlybecauseof.A.theexpandingofleafareaintropicalcountriesB.thedeterminedeffortstopreserveAmazonrainforestsC.thetree-plantingprogramsandintensiveagricultureD.afavorableclimateandincreasedCO2intheatmosphere答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theworldisliterallyagreenerplacethanitwas20yearsago，anddatafromNASAsatelliteshasrevealedasourceformuchofthisnewgreeningphenomenon：ChinaandIndia”和第五段中的“Chinasoutsizedcontributiontotheglobalgreeningtrendcomesinlargepart(42%) fromprogramstoconserveandexpandforests.Indiacomesfromintensive(集约的) growingoffoodcrops.”可知，中国和印度正引领着地球绿化的增加，而这主要源于中国的植树计划和两国的集约化农业。故选C。9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheresearchersagreewith?A.ThegreeningtrendinIndiawillcontinuetogoupwards.B.More“greening”meansbettercontrolofclimatechange.C.LandoverusethreatensthesuccessinthegreeningontheEarth.D.Thesustainabilityinglobalecosystemswillbegreatlyimproved.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，中国和印度的绿化面积占全球绿化面积的三分之一，但仅有全球9%的植被覆盖面积，考虑到人口稠密的国家普遍存在过度开发导致土地退化的现象，这是一个令人惊讶的发现。由此可推知，人们对土地的过度使用威胁着地球绿化的成功。故选C。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”inthelastbutoneparagraphprobablymean?A.Prevent.B.Survive.C.Interrupt.D.Balance.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，巴西和印度尼西亚等热带地区的生态系统的可持续性和生物多样性所受的负面影响仍然存在。再结合第三段的内容可知，画线词所在句的含义应是：研究人员指出，印度和中国主导的全球绿化的增加并不能抵消巴西和印度尼西亚等热带地区自然植被减少所带来的损失。offset是“抵消，弥补”之意，与balance“相抵，抵消”的含义相近。故选D。11.HowdoesNemanifeelaboutthefindings?A.Theyareapositiveindicatorofoverallhumannature.B.Theiraccuracyandreliabilityneedtobefurtherproved.C.Theyundervaluehumanscontributiontotheenvironment.D.Theirsignificanceforfutureresearchcannotbeoveremphasized.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Oncepeoplerealizetheresaproblem，theytendtofixit.”“.inthe90s，peoplerealizedit；andtodaythingshaveimproved.Humansareincrediblyadaptable.”可知，当人们意识到问题时，他们会想办法来解决。人类具有出乎意料的适应能力。由此可知，研究结果表明了人性积极的一面。故选A。题组训练二1话题：文字的重要性难度：建议用时：7分钟2019江西省名校(临川一中、南昌二中)联考Astheinternationaldemandfornarrative(叙事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others，the two questions then come：will the coming generations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/TVreducetheimportanceofreading?Growingexamplesofthistrendincludethediminishment(减少) offictioninthecommoncore(核心的) curriculum，theever-risingcultureofcomputergames，thewaveofstreamingservicesofwideinternationalreach，andmoviesfilledwithspecialeffectsmadeforchildrenandteenagers.Normustweignoretheeconomicdangersthatlieaheadforthewrittenword.Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使相形见绌) thepublishingindustry.Theotherunderlyingquestion，ofcourse，is“doesitreallymatterifthewrittenwordbowstotheworldofnarrativefilm/TV？”Frommypointofview，anydiminishmentoffictiondeliveredbywordsisalossformankind.Thereisnogreaterhumanfeaturethantheimagination.Itliesattheverysoulofthehumanspecies.Itisthebrainsmostpowerfulengine.Itistheessentialmuscleoflifeandlikeallmusclesitmustbeexercisedandstrengthened.Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.Anythingthatdiminishesthatpoweristheenemyofmankind.ItshouldbeknownthatIamnotopposedtonewmediaandtechnologicaladvances.Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.Infact，anumberofmynovelsareinvariousstagesofdevelopmentforfilm，TV，andlivestageproductions.Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(补充) byitsvisualcounterparts(对应物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.Ofcourse，therearethosewhowillpresentargumentsforthesuperiorityofthemovingimageoverthewrittenword.Eachhasitsplace.Myargumentisforfindingtherightbalancebetweenitandthemovingimage.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了叙事电影行业的发展让文字变得相形见绌。作者认为文字是激发和增强我们想象力的重要工具，同时表达了对阅读的命运的担心。1.Inwhatwaydoesnarrativefilm/TVembarrassthewrittenword?A.Economicbenefits.B.Internationalreach.C.Culturalinfluence.D.Educationalimportance.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Thenarrativefilmindustryisamoneymakerthatdwarfs(使相形见绌) thepublishingindustry.”可知，叙事电影行业是一个令出版行业相形见绌的赚钱行业，由此可知，叙事电影行业在经济利益方面使文字变得尴尬。故选A。2.Whydoestheauthorvaluetheroleofthewrittenword?A.Itstrengthensourmuscles.B.Ithelpssharpenourimagination.C.Itdistinguishesmanfromeachother.D.Itpavesthewayfornarrativefilm/TV.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Writingandreadingaretheprincipaltoolsthatinspire，createandempowerourimagination.”可知，写作和阅读是激发、创造和增强我们想象力的主要工具，由此可知，作者重视文字的作用是因为它能提高我们的想象力。故选B。3.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardstechnology?A.Cautious.B.Skeptical.C.Positive.D.Critical.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Instead，Ihavealwaysfeltitnecessarytoadapttoadvancingtechnology.”可知，作者觉得有必要适应先进的技术，由此可推知，作者对技术持积极的态度。故选C项。4.Whatstheauthorconcernedabout?A.Thefateofreading.B.Theextinctionoffiction.C.Theimpactofthewrittenword.D.Thefutureofthemovingimage.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Myhopeisthatthewrittenwordwillonlystandtobecomplemented(补充) byitsvisualcounterparts(对应物)，notpushedtotheedgeofextinction.”可知，作者希望书面文字会得到视觉文字的补充，而不是被推到灭绝的边缘，由此可知，作者担心的是阅读的命运。故选A。2话题：养宠物难度：建议用时：7分钟Owningalovable，cuddlypetcanunquestionablymakeoneshomelifebetterandapparently，itcanaffectpetownersprofessionallivesaswell.Infact，accordingtoanewsurvey，peoplewhohaveownedpetsmaybemoreprofessionallysuccessful.ThesurveywasconductedbyKeltonGlobalResearchforBanfieldPetHospital.Theresearcherssurveyed857adultsintheUnitedStateswithavarietyofcareers.AmongtheC-suiteexecutives(高管) surveyed,93percentgrewwithapetintheirhome，with78percentclaimingthatgrowingupwithapethelpedcausetheircareersuccessasanadult.Interestingly,83percentofC-suiteexecutiveswhoparticipatedsaidtheygrewupwithadog,59percentofthemsaidtheygrewupwithacat，and37percentofthemsaidtheygrewupwithanotherkindofpet.So，howexactlydoespetownershipcausecareersuccess？Well，accordingtoBanfieldsresearch，executivesreportedthattheirpethelpedteachthemlessonslikeresponsibility，creativity，sympathy，discipline，andorganization，whichhaveallbeeninvaluableinthebusinessworld.“AtBanfieldPetHospital，wevelongrecognizedthespecialbondbetweenpeopleandtheirpets，aswellasthepositiveimpactpetshaveonoursociety，”BrianGarish，presidentofBanfieldPetHospitalsaid.“Fromthepetownershiplessonswelearnedaschildren，tothewaysourfour-leggedfriendscurrentlyhelpusevolve，connectwithothers，andstaygrounded，ourlatestresearchsupportsthebeliefwevehadallalongthattheremaybealinkbetweenpetsandtheirabilitytohelpshapeusaspeople.”Butwhataboutpeoplewhogrewuppet-less，buthaveadoptedpetsasadults?Accordingtotheresearch,86percentofcurrentpetparentssurveyedsaidowningpetshelpsthemsticktoaroutine，bettermanagetheirtime，andmoreefficientlymultitask.Butevenifyoudontthinkyourpethasdirectlyhelpedyou，yourcoworkersknowledgethatyouhaveapetmayactuallybebeneficialforyourcareer.Infact,80percentofpeoplesurveyedsaidthey“feelmoreconnectedwithcolleagueswhoarepetowners”and79percentofthosesurveyedbelievedthatfellowco-workerswhohavepetsare“hardworkers”.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。养一只可爱的宠物无疑会让家庭生活更美好，而且这似乎还能影响到宠物主人的职业生涯。一项最新调查显示，养宠物的人在职业上会更加成功。5.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheresearch?A.Theparticipantswererandomlyselected.B.ThemajorityofAmericansliketoraisepets.C.Keepingdogsismorerewardingthankeepingcats.D.Manyparticipantsgrewupwithmultiplekindsofpets.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，受调查的高管中，83%的人说和宠物狗一起长大，59%的人说和宠物猫一起长大，37%的人说和其他种类的宠物一起长大。这些比例的总和超过100%，由此可推知，很多受调查者家里不止一种宠物。故选D。6.Accordingtotheresearch，acolleaguewhoownsapetisbelievedto.A.havemorepatienceB.bemoreaccessibleC.possessahigherIQD.takeworkmoreseriously答案B解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Infact,80percentofpeoplesurveyedsaidtheyfeelmoreconnectedwithcolleagueswhoarepetowners”可知，80%的受调查者说，他们和养宠物的同事感觉更亲近，故饲养宠物的人更容易接近。故选B。7.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Owningpetsensuresyouasuccessfullife.B.Raisingpetsteachesyoumanygoodvalues.C.Havingpetshelpsindividualssucceedincareers.D.Raisingpetsispopularamongsuccessfulpeople.答案C解析主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“peoplewhohaveownedpetsmaybemoreprofessionallysuccessful”可知，本文的主题是“养宠物的人在职业上可能会更加成功”，故C项最能概括文章的主要内容。3话题：蔬菜种植新方式难度：建议用时：7分钟MostofBangladeshisatorbelowsealevel.Risingseawaterslinkedtoclimatechangehasseverelyaffectedthecountry.Highwaterfromstormsincoastalareasalsoaddssalttosoil.Thelandisbecomingsalty.Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingunfitforfarming.Thesearebigproblemsforthesmallcountry.Morethan155millionpeopleliveinBangladesh.GrowingcropsisthemostcommonwayBangladeshissupportthemselves.Tofindawayout，farmersinthecountryarelearningtogrowvegetablesinso-called“verticalgardens”.Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremovedmuchofthesalt.Averticalgardeniseasytomake.Villagersfillcontainerswithgoodsoilandnaturalfertilizers.Theyputthecontainersonbrickssotheyareofftheground.Theyaddpiecesofthebrickstothesoiltohelpwaterflowanddrain(排水).Thefarmerscutsmallholesintothesidesofthecontainers.Thispermitsvegetableswithshortrootsaplacetogrow.Vegetableswithlongrootsgrowontopofthecontainer.Onebagofsoilcanproduceuptoeightkilogramsofvegetablesinoneseason.Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.This“verticaltower”measuresmorethanameterwide.Eachofthesetowerscanproducemorethan100kilogramsofvegetables.Itcostsabout$12$13tobuild.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。“农作物产量减少”是孟加拉国的一个大问题。为了找到出路，这个国家的农民正在学习在所谓的“垂直花园”里种植蔬菜。8.WhatismentionedasabigproblemforBangladesh?A.Severeclimateconditions.B.Toomanypeopletosupport.C.Lackofenoughfreshwater.D.Reducedcropproductivity.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Cropsarelessproductiveandmanyareasofcroplandinthecountryarebecomingunfitforfarming.Thesearebigproblemsforthesmallcountry.”可知，“农作物产量减少”是孟加拉国的一个大问题。故选D。9.Whichmainlymakesvegetablegrowinginverticalgardenssuccessful?A.Placesinthesoilforroots.B.Heavyrainskeptinthesoil.C.Thegoodsoilwithlittlesalt.D.Brickpiecesaddedtothesoil.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Thesoilinthesegardensisbetterbecauseheavyrainshaveremovedmuchofthesalt.”可知，少盐的好土让垂直花园的蔬菜种植成功。故选C。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto?A.Bricks.B.Fertilizers.C.Villagers.D.Containers.答案D解析代词指代题。根据第三段可知，垂直花园很容易建造。村民们用好土和天然肥料装满容器。他们把容器放在砖上，这样它们就离地了。他们在土壤中加入砖块来帮助水流和排水。由此推知画线词they指代的是“容器”。故选D。11.Whatcanweinferabouttheverticaltower?A.Itisofftheground.B.Itdrainsveryimproperly.C.Itusesbambooforcontainers.D.Itisunfitforgrowingvegetables.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“Thefarmersalsogrowvegetablesincontainersmadefromlarge，thinpiecesofplasticsupportedbybamboo.Thisverticaltowermeasuresmorethanameterwide.”可知，农民们也在由竹子支撑的大而薄的塑料片制成的容器里种植蔬菜。这个“verticaltower”有一米多宽。故选A。题组训练三1话题：科技发明难度：建议用时：8分钟EvenwhentheruggedexpansesoftheGreatSmokyMountainswereburstingwiththeirfamousfallcolors，theyalwayslookeddullblackandyellowishtoVanLewfromthe3,590-foot-highperchofMountHarrison.For20-year-oldVanLew，whohasbeencolor-blindhiswholelife，somecolorshavejustbeenlefttotheimagination.Helovespainting，buthiswifeMollyhastohelphimpickandmixcolors.Lastweek，however，whenVanLewvisitedthescen
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