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词汇 第八讲 The Olympics Games适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）60知识点名词辨析；动词辨析；形容词辨析；副词辨析；动词短语辨析；完成句子；句子翻译教学目标知识：1.快速复习掌握本单元词汇。2. 快速扩词汇量方法：1. 老师和学生一起翻译短文并从中找出自己不认识的词汇。 2. 学生将不认识的词汇整理到笔记本上，并默写出所整理的词汇的 汉语意思 能力：1.能根据老师所翻译的文章快速记住生词的汉语意思。2.能通过不断上涨的词汇量快速提高阅读能力。教学重点课文中的重点单词、短语及相关句型的掌握和运用教学难点重点单词、短语的灵活运用教学过程一、课堂导入 If you are interested in sports，you can watch TV, you can watch sports program，OK，if you are interested in Olympic Games, please follow me, get to know something about the Olympic Games.二、复习预习1）The important word ins this passage:1. survive vt._ 2.dynasty n . _3.amaze vt. ._ 4. design n vt. ._5. fancy adj. _ 6.decorate vt. _7. artist n._ 8.troop n._ 9.reception n. _10. remove vt. _11. doubt vt._12.former adj._13.rare adj. _ 14.select vt. _15.honey n._ 16.jewel n._17.painting n. _18.explode vt. _19.wooden adj._【答案】1 幸免，幸存，生还 2 朝代，王朝 3 使吃惊，惊讶 4 设计 5 奇特的，异样的6 装饰，装修 7 艺术家 8 群，组，军队 9 接待，招待会 10 移动，搬开11 怀疑，疑惑 12 以前的，从前的13 稀罕的，稀有的，珍贵的 14 选择，挑选 15 蜜，蜂蜜16 珠宝，宝石 17 绘画，画 18 爆炸 19 木制的 2）The important phrases in this passage:1. in search of _2. belong to _3.in return _4.at war _5.less than _6.take apart_7.think highly of _8.about four meters long _9.remain a mystery _10.do with _11.at the entrance of _12.look like_ 13.be worth doing _14. give away_ 15. carry out_16.an informal investigation_【答案】1 寻找 2 属于 3 作为回报 4 处于交战状态 5 少于 6 拆开 7 高度赞扬，器重 8 大约四米长9 依旧是一个神秘的事情10 处置 11 在.的入口 12 看上去像13. 值得做某事14. 泄露，分发，捐赠 15. 开展，执行 16. 一次非正式的调查二、知识讲解翻译下面由本单元词汇所编成的故事 学生将在翻译过程中不会的词汇用横线标出 （一）The passage A Fair Competition公平的比赛Swifter, Higher and Stronger stands for the spirit of the Olympics. But fairness is the basis of this motto. Only when you win fairly will you and your homeland deserve the great glory. But nowadays, unlike the ancient honest slave competitors, some hopeless athletes who cant bear the pain of training cheat when taking part in games. Medals seem to have magical power causing them to cheat, and the prize money has replaced the motto as their only goal.So, in the gymnastics event to be held in our city next month, one of the hosts responsibilities is to keep competitions fair. They advertised on posters outside the stadium to promise that every competitor is to have a regular physical examination in a gymnasium one after another. No one can bargain on this. The volunteers in charge will be very strict. It is foolish to cheat because they will not be admitted to compete and will even be fined as well.逐句翻译原文 “更快！更高！更强！”代表着奥运精神。但是公平却是这一格言的基础。只有当你公平地赢得比赛，你和你的祖国才会承受这样的光荣。但如今，不像古代那些诚实的奴隶参赛者，有些没有希望的运动员无法承受训练的痛苦，于是在参加比赛时作假。奖牌似乎有某种魔力使他们作假，奖金也已经代替了奥运格言成为了他们唯一的目标。因此，在我们市下个月即将举行的一场体操赛事中，主办方的其中一项责任就是要确保比赛的公平。他们在体育场外的海报上做广告，承诺说每个参赛者都将在体育馆一个一个地参加常规的身体检查。对此没有人可以讨价还价。负责此事的志愿者将非常严格。作假是很愚蠢的，因为他们将不被允许去竞赛，甚至还将被罚款。要求：翻译文章并标出自己不会的生词 并讲其汉语意思默写到笔记本上（二）重点知识总结与解析1）The important word ins this passage:1.swift adj._ 2.basis n . _3.motto n. ._ 4. ancient adj ._5.slave n. _ petitor n. _7.hopeless adj._ 8.athlete n._9.pain n. _10.homeland n. _11.deserve v._12.glory n._13.nowadays_ 14.medal _15.replace v._ 16.gymnastics n._17.host n. _18.responsibility n. _19.advertise v._20. poster_21. stadium_22. gymnasium_23. bargain_24. volunteer_25. foolish_26. admit_27. compete_28. fine vt._【答案】1 快的，迅速的 2 基础 3 口号 4 古代的 5 奴隶6 竞争者 7 没有希望的 8 运动员 9 痛苦，疼痛 10 祖国 11 应得 12 光荣，荣耀 13 现在14 奖牌 15 代替16 体操 17 主持人，东道主18 责任 19. 做广告 20. 海报 21体育场（露天）22. 体育馆 23. 讨价还价，便宜货.24.志愿者 25愚蠢的 26. 允许，承认 27. 竞争 28. 罚款，澄清 2）The important phrases in this passage:1.stand for _2.bear the pain _3.take part in _4.magical power _5.their only goal _6.keep competitions fair_7.a regular physical examination _8.one after another_9.be in charge _10.be strict with _11.as well_12.seem to do_ 【答案】1. 代表2. 忍受疼痛3. 参加4. 魔力5. 他们仅有的目标6. 是比赛公平7. 一次常规体检8. 一个接一个9. 负责，掌管10. 对.要求严格11. 也12. 似乎做某事，好像做某事（三）知识点讲解：重点词汇知识点1compete vi.竞争，比赛教材原句How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games. (P9)古代奥运会有多少国家参加比赛。【归纳拓展】compete for 为而比赛/竞争compete against/with 与竞争/比赛compete in 参加的比赛competition n. 竞争，角逐competitive adj. 竞争的competitor n. 竞争者【例句体会】The firm is too small to compete against large international companies. 这个公司太小，不能与跨国大公司竞争。There is now intense competition between schools to attract students. 现在学校为了招揽学生展开了激烈的竞争。【即时练习】 用适当的介词填空 He is hoping to compete the English contest.【答案】 in We cant compete them on price【答案】 with/against Yong children will usually compete their mothers attention. 【答案】 for知识点2：charge vt.&vi. 收费；控诉；充电；n. 费用，主管教材原句duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong. (P12)若情况出错时，应负责任，并会遭遇麻烦【例句体会】 Mr. Green is in charge of this factory. 格林先生管理这家工厂。 This factory is in the charge of Mr. Green. 这家工厂由格林先生负责管理。 He charged me two dollars for fixing my iPad. 她要我付两美元修理我的平板电脑。 Six days later，the police arrested him and charged him with murder. 警方六天后以将他逮捕，并指控他犯有谋杀罪。【归纳拓展】 charge sb. for sth 收费，要价 charge sb with sth./doing sth 指控/起诉/指责某人做某事 in charge of 主管；负责 in the charge of 由负责/掌管 take the charge of 主管， 负责 free of charge 免费【即时练习】 They do not their services.他们的服务概不收费。【答案】charge for I will put the children _.我会将孩子们委托你照顾。【答案】in the charge of you When he was driving home，he was stopped by the policeman and was with speeding. Acharged Bblamed Caccused Dwarned 【答案】 C【解析】句义：开车回家时，他被警察拦下，指控他超速。be charged with = be accused of知识点3：deserve vt. & vi.应受（报答或惩罚）；值得 教材原句 Do you think Hippemenes deserved to win the race？ (P15)你认为Hippemenes该赢得比赛吗？【例句体会】 1）I think we deserve a rest after all that hard work. 做了这多辛苦的工作后，我想我们该休息一下了。 2）The report deserves carefully consideration The report deserves considering carefully. The report deserves to be considered carefully. 这个报告应该给与认真考虑。【归纳拓展】 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 deserve to do 应该做 deserve doing/to be done 值得被做【当堂练习】 1）These indeed _ （应得到）our efforts and money.【答案】deserve 2）He deserved _ （被表扬）.【答案】praising/to be praised 3）The brave man was greatly honored when the organizer announced,“You a medal！” Apreserve Bexpect Cdeserve Dreserve【答案】C【解析】句义：当组织者宣布“你理所应当荣获一枚奖牌”时，这位勇士感到无上光荣。preserve “维 持，保护”；expect“期望”；deserve“值得，应该”；reserve“保留，预定”。重点词组知识点1as well 也，又，还（常放在句子末尾，做副词短语使用）教材原句 For each Olympics, a specially village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadium for competitions，and a gymnasium as well.(P10)每届奥运会都要建设一个特殊的村庄（奥运村）让参赛的人住，一个主接待楼，以及一个体育馆。 【归纳拓展】as well as “也，和”后接名词，代词，形容词，介词短语等；当后接动词时，多用动词的ing形式；连接两个并列的主语时，其谓语动词常与前面的主语保持一致as well as 可作为well的同级比较结构，表示“和一样好”may/might as well do sth 表示“最好做某事；做倒也无妨”即时背诵I feel like English as well.我也喜欢英语。You as well as Tom is to blame. 你和汤姆都应该受到惩罚。He sings as well as I.他和我唱的一样好。You may as well study hard.你不妨好好学习一下。【当堂练习】 “Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.” is a proverb，meaning that life is beautiful and full of frustrations_ Astill Bas well Ceither Din case【答案】B【解析】句意：有最好的希望，做最坏的打算。这一句谚语，意味着生活是美好的，同时也有失望的 时刻。as well“也，又，还”。 Tom as well as you （要去看电影）.【答案】are going to the cinema I want to buy a new car （也）.【答案】as well知识点2stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张教材原句What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?(P9)奥运旗上的五环代表什么？必会stand by 袖手旁观；站在一边；支持stand out 显眼；引人注目stand up 起立；站得住脚stand on ones feet 站立起来延伸go for喜欢be for 支持即时背诵How can you stand by when she needs help？I stand for you. 我支持你Can you stand on your feet? 你能站起来吗？US stands for the United States. US 代表美国。stand for having a good rest. 支持好好的休息一下【当堂练习】用stand的相关短语完成句子1）Red flowers against the white snow.【答案】stand out2）I will _ you whatever happens.【答案】stand for3）Different letters different meanings.【答案】stand for重点句型知识点1Nor+倒装语序 否定词放句首，用部分倒装教材原句 No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women！(P10)其他国家都不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！句式分析前一句是否定句，而且前后主语不一致，用nor +助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 另一主语方法规律在英语当中，否定词放句首，都要使用部分倒装语序。【当堂练习】I dont like English，nor does Tom。我不喜欢英语，汤姆也不喜欢英语。Little did I know about Tom。我对汤姆一点也不了解。The stranger isnt like a worker，nor_a salesman.Ahe is like Bhe looks likeCdoes he like Dis he like【答案】D【解析】句意：这个陌生人看起来不像一个工人也不像一个推销员。nor放在句首，句子要部分倒装，即提前系动词/情态动词/助动词。I dont feel sleepy， （他也不）。【答案】 nor does he Seldom （上课迟到）.【答案】is he late for class四、例题精析【例题1】 用advertise的适当形式填空 1）I would like to apply for the job in the paper。 2）She look through the job on the wall.【答案】1). advertised 2). advertisements 【例题2】 用适当的介词填空。 1). She replaced her husband the local teacher. 2). I replaced the old tools the new ones. 3). They took charge the shop.【答案】1). as 2). with 3). of【例题3】 Its better for you to lose weight by taking exercise every morning. I think your suggestion deserves _ AtryBtried Cto be tried Dto try【答案】C【解析】deserve“值得”，deserve to be donedeserve doing“值得被做”。五、课堂运用【基础】 根据单词变形1. _（v.）比赛，竞争 _n.竞争者/_n竞争答案：compete competitor competition 2 regular（adj.） _adv.定期地/_adj.不定期的答案： regularly irregular3. responsibility（n）_adj/_adv答案：responsible responsibly4. host（n.） _n.女主人答案：hostess5. _奴隶（n.）_ n.奴隶制答案：slave slavery【巩固】根据句意及汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。一）根据句意及汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。1. South Africa _(主办)the 2010 World Cup.【答案】will host2. They _(竞争)with us for the first place.【答案】competed3. I have _(替换) the old types with new ones.【答案】replaced4. Its my _ (责任) to take good care of you.【答案】responsibility5. He wants to be a _(志愿者) at the 2012 London Olympic Games. 【答案】volunteer 6. He was _(允许) to Peking University last year.【答案】admitted 7. The girl goes to see her parents _(每三周).【答案】every three weeks 8 I hear that the man _(过去是) a famous football player.【答案】used to be 9. _(是在非洲)she met her boyfriend.(强调句)【答案】It was in Africa that10. What does WHO _(代表)？【答案】stand for【提高】英汉互译一）英译汉1. Swifter, Higher and Stronger stands for the spirit of the Olympics. 答案：“更快！更高！更强！”代表着奥运精神。2. Only when you win fairly will you and your homeland deserve the great glory. 答案：只有当你公平地赢得比赛，你和你的祖国才会承受这样的光荣。3.Some hopeless athletes who cant bear the pain of training cheat when taking part in games.答案：有些没有希望的运动员无法承受训练的痛苦，于是在参加比赛时作假。4. Medals seem to have magical power causing them to cheat, and the prize money has replaced the motto as their only goal.答案：在审判过程中，法官必须断定哪些目击者的话可信，哪些不可信。5 One of the hosts responsibilities is to keep competitions fair. 答案：主办方的其中一项责任就是要确保比赛的公平。二）汉译英1. 点灯已经取代了蜡烛。 【答案和解析】Electric lights have replaced candles.2. 他真的擅长讨价还价。【答案和解析】He is really good at bargaining.3. 他承认偷了自行车。【答案和解析】He admitted stealing the bicycle.4. 我们的足球队决定吸收他为本队队员。【答案和解析】Our football team decided to admit him as one of the members.5. 我不像原来想象的有那么多的钱。【答案和解析】I havent got as much money as I bought.课程小结本节课主要围绕必修二第二单元的词汇进行多方位记忆，将精心挑选出的表达情感类的词汇、短语进行汇编串联，够成趣味文章。需要重点掌握的是除了本单元的词汇 还有文章中出现的其他词汇的汉语意思。尽可能多的扩大词汇量，尽可能快的记住每个生词的意思，近年高考对词汇的考查越来越重视，因此，同学在通过词汇量的增大，快速提高了阅读能力，使整个高考题的卷面分数全面提高课后作业【基础】 一）根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。1. In the first paragraph，what did some hopeless athletes if they cant bear the pain of training ？ A. They would go home B. They took part in the games C. They would cheat when taking part in games D. They deserved the great glory.【答案】C【解析】根据文章的第一段But nowadays, unlike the ancient honest slave competitors, some hopeless athletes who cant bear the pain of training cheat when taking part in games可知本题选择C. 2. In order to avoid the athlete cheating, what did the host do? A. He promised to stop competitions . B. He promised that every competitor is to have a regular physical examination in a gymnasium one after another. C. He admitted them to compete D. He promised that they can bargain on this.【答案】B【解析】根据文章的第二段的描述，可知为了使比赛公平，主办方要对运动员进行体检，所以本题选择B. 3.What can we learn from the text？ A. Keeping competitions fair is one of the most important things in the games. B. Having a regular physical examinations is one of the most important things in the games. C. When you win you and your homeland will deserve the great glory. D. When they are found cheating, they will be fined. 【答案】A【解析】本题考查了全文的综合理解，A的含义是保持比赛公平是最重要的事情。 B 进行体检是最重要的，这个说法不全面，只是公平的一部分措施。 在C选项中，不是当你赢了才能获得荣誉，而是要公平地赢得比赛。D的说法不全面，根据全文的理解，只有A项符合题意。【巩固】 语法填空 Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atlanta,_1_ when they heard of her rules they knew it was _2_(hope). So many of them _3_(sad)went home, but others stayed to run the race. There was a man_4_ (call) Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atlantas rules, “Why are these men so _5_（fool）?” he thought. “why will they let themselves _6_(kill) because they cannot run as fast _7_this princess?” _8_, when he saw Atlanta come out _9_ her house to run, Hippomenes changed his mind.” I will marry Atlanta or _(dead)”【答案】 1. but 2 hopeless 3 sadly 4 call 5 . foolish 6 be killed 7 as 8 However 9 of 10 die【拔高】 英译汉 （将下面的顺口溜译成汉语）1. On the chilly hillside, he is unwilling to write his will on the ten-shilling bill. 答案：在寒冷的山坡上，他不愿意将遗嘱写在十先令的账单上。 2. The weaver will leave for the heavy heaven. 答案：那位纺织工将要到阴沉的天国里去。 3. The handy left-hander left a handsome handkerchief on the handle of the handbag. 答案：手巧的左撇子把一方漂亮手帕留在手提包的提手上。 4. The thief chief achieved the theft of a handkerchief for mischief. 答案：贼首领完成了偷手帕的恶作剧。 5. I believe my brief words will relieve her grief. 答案：我相信我简短的话会减轻她的悲痛。
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