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二、语法填空考法1有提示词语篇出处：2019年全国卷语篇类型：说明文主题语境：北极熊The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88， there is evidence _1_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _2_ (poor)studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,00025,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods _3_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive _4_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _5_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _6_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _7_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are _8_ (high) than they actually are. Of _9_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _10_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 整体时态是一般现在时。1题：无提示词，there is evidence是主句，they range all the way across the Arctic应该是从句，说明名词evidence的内容。从句中不缺少任何成分，考查同位语从句。2题：提示词是形容词，考虑改为比较级或者词性转换。has been studied是谓语动词，修饰动词应该用副词形式。3题：无提示词，考虑填写介词、冠词、代词、连词等。句子的谓语是have been employed，前面Modern methods是名词作主语，后面tracking polar bear populations是非谓语动词短语，因此此处需要介词。4题：提示词是动词，考虑谓语或非谓语、词性转换。句子的谓语是are, expensive作表语，表语形容词后常用不定式作状语。5题：提示词为动词，句子主语是Inuit people，宾语是increases，应考虑此处用作谓语，时间状语是In recent years。6题：提示词为动词，作动词leading to的宾语，前面有冠词a修饰，应考虑词性转换，用名词形式。7题：提示词为动词，前面有介词by，应考虑非谓语动词。8题：提示词为形容词，且其前面有系动词are，后面有表示比较的标志词than，应考虑比较级。9题：无提示词，考虑介词、冠词、代词、连词。空格前面有of “在当中”，后面是nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，下文分别列举了three . six . one . and nine .，说明总共19种，表示特指。10题：提示词为be动词，考虑主谓一致。主语是six，文章整体时态是一般现在时。1that2.poorly3.of/for4.to perform5.have reported6.belief7.noting8.higher9.the10.are类型一提示词为动词1._ (be) careful whenever you are crossing the road.答案：Be考查祈使句。祈使句用动词原形，在句子开头第一个字母大写。2As a saying _ (go), “Practice makes perfect.” And I think it is the case.答案：goes考查动词的时态。句意：俗话说，“熟能生巧。”我认为这是对的。此处在陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用goes。3He hurried to the bookstore and _ (tell) that all the books he wanted had been sold out.答案：was told考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他匆忙赶到书店，被告知他需要的书已经卖完了。由and可知，设空处与hurried并列，用一般过去时；he与tell之间为被动关系，故用was told。4It _ (be) easy to plan a surprise party when ones birthday comes.答案：is考查主谓一致。主语是第三人称单数it，句子用的是一般现在时，故填is。5If I _ (get) the book you are interested in, I would give it to you.答案：got考查虚拟语气。由主句中的“would give”可知，从句应该用一般过去时表示对现在情况的虚拟。6I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _ (catch)答案：to catch考查非谓语动词。此处表示将要发生的动作，所以用动词不定式作后置定语。7Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案：eating考查非谓语动词。介词后用动词ing形式作宾语。8This is one of the most famous poems _ (write) by Li Bai, in which the story described friendship.答案：written考查非谓语动词。句子的谓语是前面的is，poems与write之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。9Last week, we had an unforgettable experience, which left me a deep _ (impress)答案：impression考查词性转换。在冠词a后应该用名词，形容词deep用来修饰该名词。10Soccer is a universal language that we speak with _ (differ) accents.答案：different考查词性转换。修饰名词accents用形容词形式。类型二提示词为名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词1.As we all know, the four _ (treasure) of the study are writing brush, ink, paper and ink stone, which are essential to learn Chinese calligraphy.答案：treasures考查名词。treasure是可数名词，前面有four修饰，故用其复数形式。2Chinese calligraphy is a fine art of the excellent _ (tradition) cultures in China.答案：traditional考查词性转换。设空处前面有定冠词the，空格后是名词cultures，用形容词修饰名词。3What you do is to find a nearest mobike through the APP, scan the QR code on the bike, and enjoy _ (you) trip.答案：your考查代词。修饰名词trip，用形容词性物主代词。4I made the Chinese knots _ (I) with red silk threads, cloth and other materials.答案：myself考查代词。句意：这些中国结是我亲自做的。myself用作主语I的同位语。5In his _ (twenty), he went to another city to search for a better life.答案：twenties考查数词。in ones twenties “在某人20多岁的时候”。6Ive read the six books borrowed from the library, and I find the _ (five) one is the most interesting.答案：fifth考查数词。句意：我从图书馆借了六本书，发现第五本是最有趣的。这里表示“第五”，故用序数词。7Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese characters more _ (easy)答案：easily考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。8The more they know about the importance of culture protection, the _ (strong) support we can get from the public.答案：stronger考查形容词。the more . the more . 结构，意为“越越”。9My favorite festival is the MidAutumn Festival. It _ (usual) comes in September or October.答案：usually考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。10They had thought that they would arrive there on time. _ (fortunately), they met an accident.答案：Unfortunately考查副词。句意：他们本来认为可以按时到达那里，不幸的是，他们遇到了事故。根据句意可知，应用该副词的反义词形式。- 6 -
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