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考法2无提示词语篇出处：2019年全国卷语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：年度人物A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _1_ (be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _2_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _3_ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene _4_ (declare) she had no plans _5_ (retire) from her 36yearold business. Irene said, “I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _6_ (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _7_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _8_ (say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was _9_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its _10_ (wonder)” 整体时态是一般过去时。无提示词时，考虑介词、冠词、代词、并列连词、从属连词、定语从句或名词性从句引导词。1分析句子结构，确定句子所缺成分。2题前面“Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield”是一个完整的句子，空格后“she opened with her late husband Les”是一个缺少宾语的从句，修饰前面的shop，因此可以判断，该空是一个引导定语从句的关系代词，因为是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，填写关系代词which。2根据句子逻辑关系和语境。7题“I work not because I have to, _7_ because I want to.”句意：我工作不是因为我不得不去做，而是因为我想去做。not . but . “不是而是”连接两个同等成分。故填写but。3根据句意和搭配。9题“When we got a call _8_ (say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was _9_ joke.”句意：当我们接到电话，说她是入选的候选人，我们认为这是个玩笑。joke是可数名词，在文中第一次提到，表示泛指，应该用不定冠词a。1being2.which3.finally4.declared5.to retire6have made7.but8.saying9.a10.wonderful1.First, _ is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students.答案：it考查代词。此处用作形式主语，真正的主语是to take a Chinese course。2Its a Chinese painting “bamboo”， _ I specially drew for you.答案：which考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作动词drew的宾语，先行词为物，故用which引导。3Cities _ we live belong to us all. Lets love them and make them greener.答案：where考查定语从句的引导词。where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。4Whats more, there was a time _ I was crazy about English, enabling me to communicate well with friends both at home and abroad.答案：when考查定语从句的引导词。when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。5I like the book _ cover is blue.答案：whose考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。6August is the time of the year for rice harvest, _ every day I work from dawn until dark.答案：so考查连词。句意：八月是每年稻谷收割的时节，因此，每天我从早干到晚。7Go along the street, _ youll find the shop.答案：and考查连词。“祈使句and简单句”，and连接两个并列分句，简单句中往往用一般将来时。8He wants to buy not a skirt _ a dress.答案：but考查连词。not . but . “不是而是”。9_ it was a little cold, we felt a lump of warmth in our hearts, because from that day on we became adults.答案：Although/Though/While考查状语从句的连接词。句意：尽管天气寒冷，但是我们心中荡漾着一股暖流，因为从那天起我们成人了。10He rushed out of the classroom _ I could stop him. 答案：before考查状语从句的连接词。句意：我还没有来得及阻拦他，他就冲出了教室。11_ tea set is made up of a teapot and some teacups, which are both made of china.答案：A考查冠词。set是可数名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词，在句首用大写字母。12Tai Chi is not only _ ancient martial art, but has also been widely acknowledged as an effective health exercise.答案：an考查冠词。句中art是抽象名词具体化，指代“一种艺术形式”，ancient发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。13_ protection of national and folk culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity.答案：The考查冠词。名词protection后面有of短语修饰，所以表示特指，用定冠词。14He was tired _ the city life and hoped to move to the country.答案：of考查介词。be tired of “厌倦”。15The West Lake is famous _ its beautiful scenery.答案：for考查介词。be famous for “以而著称”。(2019全国卷)语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：旅游经历On our way to the house, it was raining _1_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _2_ (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _3_ dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _4_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _5_ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _6_ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _7_ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were _8_ (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our weeklong stay, we _9_ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, _10_ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次旅行经历。1so考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so . that . 结构，意为“如此以至于”，so修饰副词hard。2to get考查非谓语动词。此处是it takes some time to do sth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。3of考查介词。a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群”。4who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词their masters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。5recommended考查动词的时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6competition考查词性转换。根据空格前的形容词interesting可知，此处应填动词compete的名词形式competition。7traditional考查词性转换。所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。8hugely考查词性转换。所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。be hugely popular with “非常受欢迎”。9were invited考查动词的时态和语态。事情发生在过去，且主语we与动词invite之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。10listening考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。专题强化训练(一)(1)(2019安徽押题卷)In a world where the climate is changing at a rate, _1_ has not exceeded in the geological record, the Arctic is on the front lines, _2_ (experience) the most rapid warming of any region on the planet. Once it _3_ (consider) remote and disconnected, but now we know that the _4_ (change) within the Arctic can have a direct impact _5_ the rest of the world, affecting physical and biological systems near and far at regional and global scales. Such changes range from how much solar radiation in the region _6_ (reflect) back into space to the structure of the ecological communities in Arctic waters; meanwhile, melting permafrost (多年冻土) is driving the transformation of frozen tundra (苔原) into wetlands, and grassy plains are shifting into lusher landscapes of bushes and trees. _7_ (understand) the scope and details of these changes, scientists _8_ (strengthen) their efforts across all areas of Arctic research in the past few years. This collection highlights some of their most important and _9_ (interest) findings, as published in the pages of Science as well as in other journals, offering _10_ overview of the direction of the field.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了快速的气候变化对北极地区及其他地区的影响，以及科学家为此所作的努力。1which考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词rate，在从句中作主语，故填which。2experiencing考查非谓语动词。空格处与它的逻辑主语the Arctic为主动关系，且句子“the Arctic is on the front line”已有自己完整的结构，判断此空为非谓语动词，故填experiencing。3was considered考查动词的时态与语态。此处的once为“曾经”之意，句子应用一般过去时；结合语境，consider与it为动宾关系，故填was considered。4changes考查名词。因空格前有定冠词the，判断此空为名词，结合语境和下句中的such changes，判断此处应用名词的复数形式，故填changes。5on考查介词。固定搭配have a direct impact on “对有直接影响”，故填on。6is reflected考查动词的语态和主谓一致。在宾语从句“how much solar radiation in the region _6_ (reflect)”中，“solar radiation”是主语，为第三人称单数形式，且与谓语动词reflect为被动关系，故填is reflected。7To understand考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式表目的，故填To understand。8have strengthened考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in the past few years，判断应用现在完成时，主语为scientists，故填have strengthened。9interesting考查词性转换。and前有形容词important且结合空格后的名词findings，判断此空需填形容词且用来形容物，故填interesting。10an考查冠词。空格后有可数名词overview，并且是以元音音素开头的单词，表示“提供该领域发展方向的一个概述”，故填不定冠词an。(2)(原创题)Eileen Gu, a 15yearold US skier, on June 6, announced on Weibo that she is now _1_ (official) a Chinese citizen. She has an American father and a Chinese mother and she is the first naturalized skiing athlete in China. “Hello, my name is Eileen Gu and I am _2_ Chinese freestyle skiing athlete，” wrote Gu on Weibo.Born September 3, 2003, in the US, Gu had her first encounter with skiing _3_ she was three years old. _4_ the age of nine, Gu won the championship of the girls group in the US National Skiing Tournament. She _5_ (begin) to attend international competitions on behalf of the US from the 20172018 season.In February 2018, Gu participated in the FIS Slopestyle event for the first time, _6_ (rank) No.4 in the end. As she kept improving her skills and gaining more experience, Gu was doing _7_ (good) in the 20182019 season. In the three World Cup stops she attended, Gu pocketed one gold and one silver medal.Though she was born in the US, Gu loves Chinese culture and is able to recite Chinese ancient _8_ (poem). When she introduced herself to others, she preferred _9_ (call) herself a Chinese girl. In her _10_ (day) life, Gu can speak Chinese with authentic Beijing accent.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。美国出生、美国长大的滑雪天才谷爱凌却选择加入中国国籍，这是为什么呢？1officially考查词性转换。设空处修饰系动词is，应使用副词，在句中作状语。故填officially。2a考查冠词。此处a表示泛指“一个”，即她成为了一个中国自由式滑雪运动员。故填a。3when考查连词。根据句子含义可知，此处表示“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。4At考查介词。at the age of “在岁”，为固定搭配。故填At。5began考查动词的时态。分析句子中的时间状语“from the 20172018 season”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填began。6ranking考查非谓语动词。此处rank与其逻辑主语Gu之间为主动关系，故用动词的现在分词作状语，表示她排名第四。故填 ranking。7better考查形容词的比较级。 根据上半句中的“kept improving her skills and gaining more experience”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填better。8poems考查名词。poem是可数名词，其前无冠词，所以应使用其复数形式。故填poems。9to call考查非谓语动词。prefer to do表示在一定场合下宁愿做什么；prefer doing表示一般性倾向，即对某种行为的偏爱。根据语境可知应用prefer to do。故填to call。10daily考查词性转换。修饰后面的名词life，应使用形容词。故填 daily。(3)(2019长沙模考)When we read a poem, we often imagine what the poets _1_ (think) when they wrote or what they were doing at the time. These thoughts let us connect with the words better, as if wed created the poem _2_ (we). Will a poem still mean as much if a computer writes it? By _3_ (use) algorithms (算法), computers can now create all kinds of text, including research papers, books, news, stories and even poems. Computergenerated poems might be correct in both grammar and style, _4_ some say they still lack _5_ (create) and true meaning.Australian researcher Oscar Schwartz created a website _6_ (call) “bot or not”. On his site, you can read poems and guess whether they _7_ (write) by a human or a computer. Schwartz recently gave a speech at TedX Sydney, in _8_ he stated that some of the websites poems were able to _9_ (foolish) 65 percent of human readers. He said that on his website, he hoped people would question the difference between humans and machinesand be able to identify what it is _10_ makes us human.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现在电脑能写诗的相关信息。1were thinking考查动词的时态。从句用的是过去时态wrote，此处表示伴随该动词发生的动作，故用过去进行时。2ourselves考查代词。主语是we，此处与主语呼应，故用反身代词ourselves。3using考查非谓语动词。介词by后面要用动词ing形式。4but/yet考查连词。本句是一个并列复合句，前后句之间构成转折关系。5creativity/creative考查词性转换。此处可以看作lack的宾语，用名词形式；也可以看作是名词meaning的修饰语，用形容词形式。6called考查非谓语动词。此句谓语动词是created，此处应该用非谓语动词，与其所修饰的名词website构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式作后置定语。7were written考查动词的时态和语态。由下文“by a human or a computer”可知，此处用被动语态，同时根据本段时态可知，应填were written。8which考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的名词speech，故填which。9fool考查词性转换。be able to do sth.，故填fool。10that考查强调句型。强调what，what在句中引导宾语从句，作identify的宾语。(4)(2019江西南昌模考)Herbal medicine (草药) which has been used for medical purposes, is the use of plants to treat disease. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in _1_ form of everything from teas to tablets. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for different diseases, such as allergies, asthma and arthritis among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because _2_ (compare) with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has _3_ (it) own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are _4_ (effective) than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine prescribed by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. _5_， many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Also, cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people _6_ (suppose) to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine _7_ (contain) kinds of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees _8_ the ingredients and that it is not allergic.When used correctly, herbs can help treat a _9_ (vary) of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often mislabeled and may contain additives (添加剂) and contaminants (杂质) _10_ are not listed on the label.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了草药的好处。1the考查冠词。in the form of “以的形式”。2compared考查非谓语动词。compare with “与相比”，与其逻辑主语herbal medicine构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。3its考查代词。此处作定语，修饰名词advantage，故用形容词性物主代词its。4more effective考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的than可知，此处应用比较级，故填more effective。5However考查副词。上文提到“have certain negative side effects”，下文提到“do not have negative side effects”前后是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，故填However。6are supposed考查动词的语态和主谓一致。be supposed to “理应，应该”，且主语为people，故填are supposed。7contains考查动词的时态和主谓一致。与本句并列的下文“people have to be sure”用的是一般现在时，主语herbal medicine是第三人称单数形式，故填contains。8with考查介词。agree with “适应，适合”。9variety考查词性转换。在冠词a后面、介词of前面应该用名词形式，a variety of “种种；各种各样的”。10that/which考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，修饰先行词additives and contaminants，故填that/which。(5)(2019山东青岛模考)There are many reasons _1_ college and university students often fail _2_ (get) full nights of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total _3_ (free) in how they plan their days and nights. Parties, late night study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with friendsthese are all things that cut into college students sleep habits. A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching _4_ science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cognition Laboratory. He says his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class _5_ (center) round why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems _6_ (cause) by a lack of sleep. This includes difficulty focusing on studies or _7_ (control) ones emotions, and increased risk of many diseases.The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours of sleep a night to stay _8_ (health). Scullin found students who slept more performed _9_ (well) in two different classes, _10_ he published his findings in two academic publications last November.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国大学生缺少睡眠的现状及其原因，以及学校和有关部门对相关问题的研究。1why考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语，故填why。2to get考查非谓语动词。fail to do sth. “没有做成某事”。3freedom考查词性转换。空格前面有形容词，后面有介词，故该空应该用名词。4the考查冠词。此处是特指“睡眠科学(the science of sleep)”，故用定冠词the。5centered考查动词的时态。此处用作谓语动词，描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。6caused考查非谓语动词。该句谓语动词是centered，此处用非谓语形式，与其所修饰的名词problems构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。7controlling考查非谓语动词。此处与前面的focusing构成并列关系，故用动词ing形式。8healthy考查词性转换。stay是系动词，后面跟形容词，stay healthy (保持健康)。9better考查副词的比较级。由前面“who slept more”可知，睡眠多的学生考得更好些，故用比较级better。10and考查连词。连接两个并列句Scullin found . 和he published .。(6)(2019湖南师大附中模考)Cutting carbohydrates (碳水化合物食物) might also cut our lifespan by up to four years, according to a new medical study. The peerreviewed research _1_ (publish) in a journal The Lancet Public Health suggests low and highcarb diets could _2_ (short) life, and diets including some carbs could promote a healthy lifespan.The study analyzed selfreported data from more than 15,400 middleaged _3_ (American). The dietary patterns researchers found were compared against _4_ (addition) studies that included 432,000 people in more than 20 countries.Researchers concluded that people who ate a moderate amount of carbohydrates lived four years longer than those with lowcarbohydrate _5_ (consume) and one year longer than those who ate a lot of carbohydrates. Lowcarb diets were defined as less than 40 percent of calories from carbohydrates and highcarb diets were more than 70 percent of calories.“Our data suggests that animalbased lowcarbohydrate diets, _6_ are popular in North America and Europe, might be associated with a shorter overall lifespan and should _7_ (discourage)” Researchers observed that people who replaced carbohydrates with protein and fat from animals had _8_ higher risk of early death compared to those who replaced carbohydrates with plantbased foods.Selfreported data can be imperfect, _9_ it relies on the subjects memory. Another limitation of the study: Diets were measured only _10_ (two) during the 25year study period, at the start of the study and again six years later.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了减少碳水化合物食物有可能会使寿命缩短。1published考查非谓语动词。该句谓语是suggests，空格处应该用非谓语动词，与其所修饰的词research构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。2shorten考查词性转换。情态动词后面应该用动词原形，后面的名词life作该动词的宾语，故用动词形式。3Americans考查名词。前面有修饰词“more than 15,400”，所以此处用复数。4additional考查词性转换。修饰名词studies应该用形容词形式。5consumption考查词性转换。在介词with后用名词形式，其中lowcarbohydrate是形容词，用来修饰该名词。6which考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animalbased lowcarbohydrate diets，且在从句中作主语，故用which引导。7be discouraged考查动词的语态。该句的主语是animalbased lowcarbohydrate diets，与动词discourage构成被动关系，故用被动语态。8a考查冠词。have a higher risk of “有更大的风险”，risk前面通常带有冠词。9because/for/as考查连词。句意：自我报告的数据可能是不完美的，因为它依赖于受试者的记忆。10twice考查词性转换。根据后面的“at the start of the study”和“again six years later”可知，此处表示在25年的研究过程中，饮食只被检测了两次，故用副词形式twice。专题强化训练(二)(1)(2019重庆模考)Everyone knows that fish is good for health. The fats in fish _1_ (think) to help prevent heart disease, _2_ it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. In fact, we eat twice as much fish in restaurants _3_ at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. It just requires a little knowledge. This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.When _4_ (buy) fish, you should first smell it. Fresh fish should smell sweet; you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means _5_ fish isnt fresh. Do not buy it. When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it _6_ (immediate), but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. _7_ (freeze) fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. The _8_ (easy) is to steam it. First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if its _9_ (weigh) is about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, _10_ is ready to serve.1_
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