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Unit 1Lifestyles阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2018课标全国)Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours(7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.1.Which tour do you need to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.2.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go to a national park.C.Visit well-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.3.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safety lights.答案语篇解读本文的题材为旅游类。文章为那些自行车爱好者介绍了四个骑自行车探索美国首都华盛顿的项目。1.A细节理解题。根据第一个项目中的Reserve your spot before availability可知,第一个游玩项目需要预订,所以答案为A项。其他三个项目都没有提及需要预订。2.D细节理解题。根据第三个游玩项目中的第二句话(知识渊博的导游会给你讲关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事,让你开心。)可知,在这个游玩项目中你会享受到有趣的故事,所以答案为D项。3.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的最后一句话(所有的骑手都配备了反光背心和安全灯。)可知答案为D项。BChinese colleges have come up with an unusual way to help freshmen settle in. They turn their gyms into campsites for Moms and Dads, some of whom have traveled thousands of miles across the country, to say goodbye.For the past five years, Tianjin University in northern China has provided free accommodation for parents in what it calls “tents of love”. Other schools let parents sleep on mats in school gymnasiums.“Going to college is a life moment and my parents didnt want to miss that,” said Zhang Jinqi, a freshman at Tianjin University majoring in applied chemistry. His parents traveled with him on the 19-hour train journey from Jiangxi Province in southern China.Images of school gyms packed with parents have been widely shared on Chinese social media prompting a debate on whether Chinas only children are too coddled.Some have voiced criticisms of Tianjin University, saying that they think both the parents and the children should be more independent.Xiong Bingqi, deputy director of think-tank 21st Century Education Research Institute,thinks the problem is overstated. “It has always been a problem in China that at the start of every school year, colleges are packed with parents who come along to drop off their children and stay with them,” he said. “For some families, its their way to celebrate the first-ever family member whos able to go to college,”Xiong added. “Theres nothing wrong with sharing the happiness.”Zhangs father said the decision to escort their son was a no-brainer. He and his wife are among the many “campers” who sleep in the 550 temporary tents set up in Tianjin Universitys gym.“My child has lots of luggage and we also want to go traveling,” said his father Zhang Yonghui. “The hotels nearby are fully booked so I have to sleep in the tents.”Their son also shrugged off the criticisms although he said he was looking forward to living on his own for the first time. “Being accompanied by my parents doesnt mean Im spoiled.”4.Zhang Jinqi thought his parents accompanied him to his university mainly because.A.they wanted to help him with his luggageB.they wanted to go to travel in TianjinC.they doubted his independenceD.they wanted to witness his important life moment5.Xiong Bingqi thinks going to college in the company of parents.A.is a chance for freshmen to travel with their parentsB.is not such a serious problem as people thinkC.is a long-lasting problem to solveD.is not good for freshmen to build up their independence6.The underlined phrase “shrugged off” probably means.A.was in favor ofB.was ashamed ofC.thought nothing ofD.was concerned about7.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.“Tents of love” is widely criticized.B.Chinese only children are too spoiled.C.Chinese college education is faced with a big challenge.D.There are different opinions on “tents of love”.答案语篇解读文章介绍了中国大学开学季父母陪伴孩子上学,许多高校为家长提供免费的“爱的帐篷”,以及对此引发的不同的看法。4.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Going to college is a life moment and my parents didnt want to miss that,” said Zhang Jinqi可知,Zhang Jinqi认为父母陪他来大学报到是想见证他一生中的重要时刻,故选D项。5.B推理判断题。根据第六段中的.thinks the problem is overstated.和“For some families, its their way to celebrate the first-ever family member whos able to go to college,”Xiong added. “Theres nothing wrong with sharing the happiness.”可知Xiong Bingqi认为父母陪伴孩子上大学并不是什么大事,并不像人们想的那么严重,分享快乐没错。故选B项。6.C词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Being accompanied by my parents doesnt mean Im spoiled.”可知他认为由父母陪伴并不意味着被宠坏了。由此推断shrugged off意为“对不予理睬”,与thought nothing of同义,故选C项。7.D主旨大意题。文章介绍了大学开学季父母陪伴孩子上学,许多高校为家长提供免费的“爱的帐篷”,以及对此引发的不同的看法。故选D项。C(2018吉林实验中学考前模拟)When I was in the fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paper boy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. Shed watch me coming down her street, and by the time Id biked up to her doorstep, there would be a cold drink waiting. Id sit and drink while she talked.Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband. “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” shed say. The first time she said that, soda (汽水) went up my nose.I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe shed work it out of her system. So thats what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery (墓地).I finally quit delivering newspapers and didnt see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser(募捐活动). She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, shed offer her paper boy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.I am living in the city now, and my paper boy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how Im doing. When I dont say “fine”, she sticks around to hear my problems. Shes lived in the city for most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isnt so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask you how youre doing because they care, and not because theyre getting paid to do so. Sometimes its good to just smile, nod your head and listen.8.Why did soda go up the authors nose one time?A.Because he was talking fast.B.Because he was absent-minded.C.Because he was in a hurry.D.Because he was shocked.9.Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley according to Paragraph 3?A.Because he took the chance to rest.B.Because he wanted to be helpful.C.Because he enjoyed the drink.D.Because he tried to please his dad.10.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system”?A.Speak out about her past.B.Move out of the neighborhood.C.Turn to her old friends.D.Recover from her sadness.11.What does the author think people should do in a community?A.Care about one another.B.Depend on each other.C.Pay for others help.D.Open up to others.答案语篇解读作者通过亲身经历告诉我们应该互相关心,有时候,微笑、点头、倾听是件好事。8.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband. “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” shed say.和第三段中的Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive可知Stanley夫人说她已去世的丈夫今天上午和她去购物了,说得好像他还活着一样。作者被她说的话吓着了,所以喝的苏打水呛到了鼻子里。故选D项。9.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile和So thats what I did, and it turned out Dad was right.可知父亲告诉我Stanley夫人是因为太孤单了,我应该坐下来听她诉说并点头微笑。所以作者那样做是为了对Stanley夫人有所帮助,故选B项。10.D句意猜测题。此处指Stanley夫人太孤单了,我应该坐下来听她诉说并点头微笑。我这样做可能会帮助她从悲伤中走出来,故选D项。11.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Community isnt so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask you how youre doing because they care, and not because theyre getting paid to do so. Sometimes its good to just smile, nod your head and listen.可知作者认为社区意识是一种精神状态。人们关心你是因为他们在意你,而不是因为要报酬。有时候,微笑、点头、倾听是件好事,人们应该互相关心,故选A项。DFacing the increasing pressure to raise students scores on standardized tests, schools are urging kids to work harder by offering them obvious encouragements. Happy Meals are at the low end of the scale. With the help of business, schools are also giving away cars, iPods, seats to basketball games, andin a growing number of casescold, hard cash. The appeal of such programs is obvious, but the consequences of tying grades to goods are still uncertain. Its been a common tradition in middle-class families to reward top grades with cash as a way to teach that success in school leads to success in life. But for many disadvantaged minority children, the long-term benefits of getting an education are not so clear, according to experts.No one knows for sure how well cash and other big-ticket rewards work in education in the long run. But there are plenty of concerns that the kind of practice could have negative effects on kids. Virginia Shiller, a clinical psychologist, says that its worth experimenting with cash encouragements but that tying them to success on a test is not a worthwhile goal. “Id rather see rewards based on effort and responsibility things that will lead to success in life,” she says.Even if rewards dont lead to individual achievement on a test, they could have a meaningful effect in the school. Charles McVean, a businessman and philanthropist(慈善家), started a tutoring program which pays higher-achieving students $10 an hour to tutor struggling classmates and divides them into teams. During the course of the year, students bond(团结) and compete. The team posting the highest math scores wins the top cash prize of $100.McVean calls the combination of peer tutoring, competition, and cash encouragements a recipe for “nothing less than magic”.For its part, the Seminole County Public School System in Florida plans to continue its report card encouragement program through the rest of the school year. The local McDonalds restaurants help the poor district by paying the $1,600 cost of printing the report card. Regina Klaers, the district spokeswoman, says most parents dont seem bothered by the Happy Meals rewards. “There are many ways we try to urge students to do well, and sometimes its through the stomach, and sometimes its the probability of students winning a car,” she says. “One size doesnt fit all.”12.According to the text, it is a common practice for schools to .A.offer free meals to students with high scoresB.tie students grades to material rewardsC.educate students to form a business senseD.cooperate with business to improve teaching13.According to the text, the long-term results of giving students cash as rewards in education are. A.negativeB.optimisticC.uncertainD.disappointing14.The tutoring program run by Charles McVean.A.hires some excellent teachers to teach struggling studentsB.has a meaningful effect in inspiring students enthusiasm on studyC.is a program combining tutoring, competition and future job offersD.rewards the students with the highest scores with the top cash prize of $10015.We can learn that in Seminole County.A.there are various ways to inspire students to study hardB.many parents are not satisfied with the Happy Meals rewardsC.the local McDonalds restaurants provide the rewards for poor studentsD.people are searching for a good-for-all method to urge students to do well答案语篇解读为了激励学生努力学习并取得好成绩,学校和家长都在采取措施,其中一项措施就是物质奖励。这样做会带来什么样的结果呢?12.B细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的schools are urging kids to work harder by offering them obvious encouragements和倒数第二句Its been a common tradition in middle-class families to reward top grades with cash as a way to teach that success in school leads to success in life.可知,现在的学校普遍喜欢用物质奖励来鼓励学生好好学习,因此B项中提到的“将学生的成绩和物质奖励联系起来”符合文意。13.C推理判断题。由第二段第一句 No one knows for sure how well cash and other big-ticket rewards work in education in the long run.可知,就长期来看,人们对这种给予物质奖励以达到激励学生学习的方式对教育的影响还不能确切地了解。因此 uncertain 正确。negative 意为“消极的,负面的”,optimistic 意为“乐观的,积极的”,disappointing 意为“失望的”,均不符合文意。14.B细节理解题。由第三段倒数第三句During the course of the year, students bond(团结) and compete.可知,通过 Charles McVean 的这个指导项目,学生们联系在了一起并且相互之间竞争着学习,因此在激励学生学习热情上有重要的影响。故B项正确。15.A推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句“There are many ways we try to urge students to do well.” 可知,在 Seminole County,有很多种激励学生努力学习的方式,故A项正确。9
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