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Unit 1 A land of diversity.阅读理解AA new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the countrys teenage girls has become worse.The survey, which included 30,000 14yearold students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent.The reports authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive (认知的) and emotional development，”Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post.“Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent (有能力的)adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and selfcontrol. Since teenage brains have not completely developed, teens dont have the cognitive awareness and impulse (冲动)control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance, Ramsden said. These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.语篇解读一项新研究发现，英国少女的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国少女心理压力加大的主要因素。1The statistics in the second paragraph show that .Amore and more children in Britain have mental health problemsBfew girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005Cmore boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure nowDmore British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国少女有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国少年有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国少女有心理压力的数量比少年多，故D项正确。答案：D2Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media .Ahelps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and selfcontrolBhas many negative effects on girls characteristic developmentCmakes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate contentDteaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standards解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句“Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.”和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls insecurities about their appearance”可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国少女的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。答案：B3The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “ ”AarrivalBendCdisappearanceDinvention解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国少女心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词义为“到来”，故A项正确。答案：ABA teacher from Relax Kids in Tamworth, the UK, used two apples to show her students the damaging and often unseen consequences of bullying. And her post about the powerful lesson has gone viral.Rosie Dutton explained that during one of her classes she introduced two red apples to the children. What the kids didnt know was that prior to the lesson, Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor. And yet, on the outside at least, both apples looked perfect.“I picked up the apple Id dropped on the floor and started to tell the children how I disliked this apple, and that I thought it was disgusting, it was a horrible colour and the stem was just too short，”Dutton wrote.She then encouraged the students to do the same. Some of the children looked at her like she was “crazy”， but the students passed the apple around the circle, calling it names.Continuing the exercise, the teacher then passed the second apple around the circle. This apple, however, was showered with comments like “Your skin is beautiful！” and “What a beautiful colour you are！”Dutton then showed the students and both apples once again，highlighting that “there was no change, and both apples still looked the same.”That is, until she cut them open. “The apple wed said unkind words to was bruised and all mushy inside，” she said. There was，she said, an immediate “light bulb” moment for her students. “They really got it. What we saw inside that apple is what is happening inside everyone of us when someone mistreats us with their words or actions.”Dutton explained how important it is to teach children to stand up for one another, and to stop any form of bullying.“Lets create a generation of kind caring children，” the teacher wrote. “The tongue has no bones, but is strong enough to break a heart. So be careful with your words.”语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一位老师用两个苹果给学生上了一节生动的有关倚强凌弱危害性的课。4What had the teacher done to the first apple before the lesson?AShe had introduced it to the kids.BShe had damaged it purposely.CShe had made it look perfect.DShe had coloured it brightly.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“What the kids didnt know was that prior to the lesson，Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor.”可知答案为B项。答案：B5What does the underlined part “calling it names” in Paragraph 3 mean?ASaying rude things. BMaking fun of it.CCheering for it.DShouting at it.解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第三段第二句中的“said unkind words to”可知答案为A项(辱骂)。答案：A6What did the teacher instruct the kids to do with the second apple?ADrop it. BPraise it.CIgnore it.DObserve it.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your skin is beautiful！”and“What a beautiful colour you are！”可知那位老师让那些孩子赞美第二个苹果，故答案为B项。答案：B7Whats the purpose of the teachers using two apples in class?ATo draw the kids attention.BTo explain her personal preferences.CTo make a comparison between them.DTo help the kids understand the results of bullying.解析：推理判断题。由全文可知老师在班上用两个苹果的目的是帮助孩子们懂得倚强凌弱的危害，故答案为D项。答案：D.阅读七选五You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time to share your living space with someone else.1 However, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from the beginning.Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning. Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 2 Its not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.3This may seem simple, but its probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Dont you think hell mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line. Dont borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first.Be open to change.You should expect to learn, grow and change during your time at school.4 As the term progresses, you should realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment.Follow the golden rule.5 No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.ARespect your roommates things.BLet your roommate know about your preferences.CTreat your roommate like youd like to be treated.DLiving with a roommate is really a wonderful thing.EHaving a roommate surely has its challenges.FYou should correct your bad habits first.GAnd the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well.语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在上学时和室友交往应该注意的事项。1解析：根据设空处后的However可知，前后两句为转折关系，由此可知答案为E项。答案：E2解析：根据设空处后的“Its not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.”可知，指望他们能立即察觉出你的喜好是不公平的。告知他们你的需要是在问题出现前就把问题解决掉的最佳方法之一，故设空处应选B项。答案：B3解析：本段作者告诫读者在没有得到室友允许的情况下，不能使用对方的东西。由此可见本段的主题是：要尊重室友的东西，故答案为A项。答案：A4解析：设空处前的意思为：在校期间你应该期望学习、成长和变化。设空处后的意思为：你应该意识到，随着这一学期逐渐过去，事情会随你们变化。由此可推出答案为G项。答案：G5解析：根据主题句中的“the golden rule”，再根据设空处后的内容可知答案为C项。答案：C.语法填空When Dad told me I was going to take a scuba diver training course, I was really excited. I thought Id be like those people on TV，1. (play) with fish.In the pool, Rob, my instructor, demanded that we do what he did. One of the drills 2. (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end，replace them，3. clear them of water. I wasnt doing that because I couldnt open my eyes underwater or keep water out of my nose. I 4. (terrify) and made excuse after excuse about 5. I couldnt do it. Rob walked over and said, “Alaya, you dont have to do this if you dont want to. Nobody is forcing you.”Though I said I wasnt going to do it, my 6. (foot) carried me toward the pool.With my eyes tightly 7. (close), I dived in and made my way to 8. other end. The water felt unnatural against my face. I 9. (quick) threw on my mask and started clearing it of water. Rob gave me thumbs up. I learned a big lesson: there is nothing to fear but fear 10. (it)语篇解读本文主要讲述了作者初次学潜水的经历及感悟。1解析：考查非谓语动词。play和句子谓语thought之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。play和句子主语I构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。答案：playing2解析：考查动词时态。与上文的demanded和本文的整体时态呼应，此处用一般过去时。答案：was3解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，take off，replace和clear是三个连续的动作，故用连词and。答案：and4解析：be terrified表示“感到害怕”，再结合下文的made可知，应填was terrified。答案：was terrified5解析：考查连接词。根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，故用why引导宾语从句，在从句中作原因状语。答案：why6解析：考查名词复数。foot是可数名词，且没有被冠词修饰，故用复数形式。答案：feet7解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，即：with名词/代词非谓语动词，在句子中作状语。close和其逻辑主语my eyes构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。答案：closed8解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“另一端”，故用定冠词the。答案：the9解析：考查副词。应用副词quickly修饰动词。答案：quickly10解析：考查代词。此处应填代词itself作第二个fear的同位语，表示强调。答案：itself7
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