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Unit 5Music李仕才【短文语法填空】With the development of modern society and high technology, children wear more and more beautiful and fashionable clothes. More children 1 (allow) to choose their favorite clothes, which is 2 relatively new trend. Many years ago, children had to suffer the whims(突发奇想)of adults as far as clothes were concerned. Like 3 (adult) clothes, childrens clothes followed fashions as well. About 120 years 4 , boys in Europe and America wore white ankle-length dresses, just like their sisters, until they 5 (reach) the age of five. Older boys from wealthy 6 (family) were then dressed in pretty velvet(丝绒) suits 7 lace collars. Their hair was grown to shoulder length 8 longer. For many unlucky boys, these carefully planned and organized costumes were nor reserved for special occasions; they had to wear the same 9 (restrict)and uncomfortable outfits for everyday play. Clean and proper clothes say that the person has both self-respect and respect for other people. Clothing can tell quite a lot about the person, sometimes more than we would like to reveal. So we should pay more attention to 10 (wear) proper clothes in different occasions. 【文章大意】文章讲述了在西方，孩子们服装的发展，同时说明了着装的注意事项。1.are allowed【解析】考查时态和语态。文章讲述的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时；句子的主语More children与allow构成被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are allowed。2.a【解析】考查冠词。此处指“一种比较新的趋势”，relatively是辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。3.adults【解析】考查名词。句意：如同成年人的衣服，孩子们的服装也紧跟时尚。此处用名词作定语。故填adults。4.ago【解析】考查副词。“time+ago”指“多长时间之前”。故填ago。5.reached【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语“About 120 years ago”可知，谓语用一般过去时态。故填reached。6.families【解析】考查名词。此处指“来自富有家庭的大一点的男孩子”，根据事实逻辑，应该用复数。故填families。7.with8.or【解析】考查连词。此处指“他们的头发到达肩部或者更长一些”。故填or。9.restrictive【解析】考查形容词。与uncomfortable相并列，此处用形容词来修饰名词outfits。故填restrictive。10.wearing【解析】考查非谓语。短语pay attention to中，to是介词，后面跟名词或动名词。故填wearing。pretend vt.& vi.假装；扮演pretend(教材原句)Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan?你唱卡拉OK时会假装你是宋祖英或刘欢那样的著名歌星吗？She pretended she didnt know me when we met in the street.She pretended not_to_know (not know)me when we met in the street.我在街上见到她时，她装作不认识我。Jacy pretended to_have_known (know) everything about it and said nothing.杰西假装已了解了一切，一句话也没说。语境填词As Tom wasnt interested in his lessons，whenever there was an exam，he would pretend to_be (be) ill.Last week，he pretended (pretend) a headache when the teacher was going to give a quiz.He pretended to_be_suffering (suffer) great pain during the quiz.An hour later，when the quiz was finished，he pretended to_have_recovered (recover)What a guy!attach vt.附上；系上；贴上；使依恋(1)attach.to.把固定/附在上attach importance/significance/value/weight/.to sth.认为有重要性/意义/价值/分量attach to (使)与有联系/关联(2)attached adj.依恋；附属于be attached to 附属于；依恋(教材原句)To be honest，a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。China will not attach itself to any big power.中国不依附任何大国The hospital is_attached (attach) to the medical college.这家医院附属于这所医学院。form n形状，外形；表格vt.(使)组成；构成；排列(1)form the habit of doing sth.get into/fall into the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯form/set up a club 成立俱乐部(2)in the form of 以的形式be in/out of form 处于良好的/不良的状态take the form of 采取的形式；表现为的状态in any form 以任何形式fill in/out the form 填表格(教材原句)But just how do people form a band?但是人们是怎样组成一个乐队的呢？He was about to give up when a good idea began to_form (form) in his mind.他正要放弃，这时一个好主意在脑海中形成。语境填词Two years ago Andy filled in a form and became a member on his city basketball team where he could receive formal (form) training.He practised hard and was in form，so he did win the respect of others.But last year he ate too much fat in the form of chocolate and ice cream and he became fatter and out of form.Therefore he was fired when the team decided to reform (form)，which made his former (form)fans quite disappointed.perform vt.& vi.表演；履行；执行(1)perform the role of 扮演的角色perform an operation/a play 进行手术/演一场戏perform ones duty/promise 尽某人的责任/履行某人的承诺(2)performance n执行；表演；履行put on/give a performance 表演(3)performer n执行者；表演者(教材原句)His most exciting invitation was to perform on a TV programme called“Top of the Pops”最令他感动的是受邀请参加做“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目。(2016江苏卷)Su Hua likes his cousin very much，but he finds other singers perform (performance) even better.苏华很喜欢他的表弟，但是他发现其他的歌手表演得更好。The performer (perform) promised that he would perform his duty and would perform the experiment well according to the plan.As a result，he performed (perform) his promise.这位执行者许诺说他将尽责按计划做好实验。结果他履行了自己的诺言。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)I watched as the ASL Club _performed (perform) their translation of a song. 【七选五】As warming continues，scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced，with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer，it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surfaceeither from the atmosphere，or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.Thats because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers，icebergs，and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead，more of the oxygen will remain near the surface，where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms.A lowoxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall，until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans，but even 100，000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 AIts not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.BScientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.CFresh waters inpouring will make the water at the oceans surface lighter.DThe oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.EGlobal warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.FThe light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.GIf they are right，we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了海水中氧气含量主要原因及其可能对海洋生物带来的长期的影响。1B从文章篇章结构分析，本空为段落主旨句。本段介绍了全球变暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One”“The other reason”与B项中的“two reasons”相呼应，故选B。2D根据段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知，此处是通过说明海洋中氧气的来源与循环来解释海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D项“然后，随着表层海水的慢慢下沉，氧气扩散至海洋深处”符合语境。3C根据空前的内容和常识可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都属于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入会使海洋表面的水变得更轻。故C项符合语境。C项中的“make the water.lighter”与下文中的“make it lighter”的对应关系亦是提示。4F根据空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead，more of the oxygen will remain.”可知，F项与空前的句子的句式相同，且与空后的句子的内容存在语意上的转折关系，故F项符合语境。5GG项中的“they”与上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼应，且上文讲到即使我们把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很长时间才能恢复，其对海洋生物造成的影响将是长期的，故G项“如果他们是对的，那么我们完全有理由对它对海洋生物的重大影响感到担忧”符合语境。 rely on 依靠；依赖；指望rely on/upon sb./sth.指望某人/某事rely on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事rely on ones doing sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人会做某事rely on it that.相信，指望(教材原句)As some of these actors could not sing well enough，they had to rely on other musicians to help them.由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的乐手来帮助他们。The success of this project relies on everyone making (make)an effort.本项目的成功有赖于诸位一起努力。You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.你放心好了，他会来接见你的。单句语法填空(2017天津卷)As long as one doesnt come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.break up 打碎；分裂；解体；分手；放假break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into 强行闯入；突然起来break out (战争，火灾等)爆发，发生break away from 脱离；挣脱break through 突围；突破，冲垮，克服break off 突然停止；断开；折断break ones promise/word 食言(教材原句)The band broke up about 1970，but happily they reunited in the mid1980s.乐队在1970年左右解体了，但令人高兴的是，他们在20世纪80年代中期又重组起来了。She broke (break) down and wept at the sad news.她控制不住感情，为此噩耗而哭泣。After a fire broke_out in the lab，a lot of equipment was damaged.实验室发生火灾，很多设备被毁。above all 最重要；首先after all 毕竟，终究all in all 总的说来；总而言之in total/all 总共；全部；合计(not)at all 一点也(不)；完全(不)first of all首先(教材原句)Above all，just have fun!最重要的是一定要开心！(牛津)Above_all，make sure you keep in touch as often as possible.最重要的是，你们一定要经常保持联系。All_in_all，the governments policy which intended to contain the high housing price seems to work.总的说来，政府旨在抑制高房价的政策似乎起效果了。First_of_all，you should not have scolded the boy at_all;_he is a child after_all.Above_all，he made only two mistakes in_all.首先，你根本不该责备那个小男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子。更为重要的是，他总共只犯了两处错误。 【短文改错】There are many people think that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I had read a story about Howard Joyce.He was an European billionaire who got everything he wanted.Therefore，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a miserably life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have million of dollars but you are at poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with which you do.Health is more important.【答案】There are many people / that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I read a story about Howard Joyce.He was European billionaire who got everything he wanted.，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have of dollars but you are poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with you do.Health is more important.第一处：think前面加who或think改为thinking。考查定语从句或现在分词。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为many people，故用who引导该定语从句；因many people和think为主动关系，故也可以用现在分词thinking作many people的后置定语。第二处：删除had。考查时态。根据该句中的“used to”和“until one day”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。第三处：ana。考查冠词。European的读音以辅音音素开头，故用a。第四处：ThereforeHowever。考查副词。上文说他是一位欧洲亿万富翁，得到了他想要的一切，该句说在他生命里的最后二十年，他的健康状况变得越来越糟。上下文为转折关系，故用However。第五处：miserablymiserable。考查形容词。life为名词，故应用形容词miserable修饰。第六处：called前面加were。考查主谓一致、时态和语态。主语the best doctors为复数且和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；这里讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用were。第七处：millionmillions。考查固定搭配。millions of为固定搭配，表示“许多”。第八处：atin。考查介词。in poor health为固定搭配，意为“身体不好”。第九处：tryingtry。考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式表目的，故to后应用动词原形try。第十处：whichwhat。考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，with后接宾语从句，连接词在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most_of_which was based loosely on the Beatles.音乐家们组成乐队演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。most of which是“代词介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句。此类结构常见的有：(1)some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most.of which/whom(2)then.of which(2015重庆卷)He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction of_which had taken more than three years.她带领参观者参观了博物馆，它的建设已经花了三年多的时间。For many cities in the world，there is no room to spread out further，of_which New York is an example.世界上有很多城市都没有进一步拓展的空间了，纽约就是其中的一个例子。单句语法填空(2017全国卷)What is wellknown to us all is that China is a country with a long history and is also distinguished for many a traditional art, one of which is papercutting, dating from two thousand years ago. (1)then.ofwhich结构一般可以与whosen.互换。(2)“名词介词关系代词”可与“介词关系代词名词”换用。Freddy and his band could_not go out anywhere without_being_followed.弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。(1)not/never.without.意为“没有就不能”。这是一种双重否定句式，表示肯定意义。其中否定词也可以是no，never或加否定前缀构成的否定意义的词。(2)常见的双重否定结构还有：no(never).without.没有不；除不nothing.not/no/含否定意义的前缀的词没有不(3)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有：cannot.too.越越；无论怎样也不为过cannot/couldnt/can/couldno/never.without.一做就；做无不cannot wait to do sth.急于做某事cannot help doing sth.禁不住/忍不住做某事cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth.不得不做某事；只得/唯有做某事I couldnt have made so much progress without your help.如果没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得如此大的进步。Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible in the world.动脑筋你会发现世上无难事。We never passed at night without seeing (see) the girl at work.每当我们在晚上走过时，总是看到那姑娘在干活。You cant be too careful while driving the car.你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。【阅读理解】Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer psychological first aid and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadnt really done anything yet.I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friends mother passed away unexpectedly. I had received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didnt want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, Just go. Just be there. I did, and I will never regret it.Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It is not only something we give to others but also changes me for the better.1.Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?A. He built shelters for them.B. He gave immediate first aid to them.C. He came to stay with them.D. He brought mental health professionals.2.What did the author do when his friends mother passed away?A. He hesitated over whether to go.B. He went to his friends at once.C. He knew what to do instantly.D. He decided not to disturb.3.What does the underlined word solemn in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Heavy but warm. B. A little sad but cosy.C. Relaxing and delightful. D. Very serious and unhappy.4.What has the author learned from his experience?A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.B. Being present can make a big difference.C. The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.D. Being a volunteer can make ones life more significant.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。经过几次出现在诸如灾难现场、失去亲人的朋友家里等，作者体会到出现产生的巨大力量，因为这不仅帮助了别人，也提高了自己。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段末we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激)from the first person we met.I hadnt really done anything yet.可知，我们只是和他们见面，还没有做什么，故选C。3.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句中His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.可知，当时气氛并不严肃，故选D。4.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第 4 段中In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence.可知，每次的出现都会产生很大的影响，故选B。 12
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