资源描述
Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇在不认识的词汇前划thinker nprinciple n.resign vi. adviser n.justice n. bark n.leather n. category n.fuel n.核心词汇写其形1kindness n 善良2order n. 秩序3position n. 职位 4stress vt. 强调5soft adj. 柔软的6condition n. 状况；条件；环境.拓展词汇通其变1equal adj.平等的equality n平等equally adv.平等地2important adj.重要的importance n重要；重要性3influence n影响influential adj.有影响的 4honest adj.诚实的honesty n诚实 5contribute v贡献；捐献contribution n贡献 6invent vt.发明inventor n发明家invention n发明7argue v争论，议论argument n争论；辩论；议论 8free adj.自由的freedom n自由1.名词后缀ness大观园kindness善良blindness 盲目darkness 黑暗weakness 虚弱loneliness 寂寞2.y结尾名词一览honesty诚实difficulty 困难modesty 谦虚discovery 发现delivery 投递；交付3.各种“争论”argument争论；辩论discussion 讨论debate 争论；辩论quarrel 争吵dispute 争论；争端(二)重点短语记牢用活1be_at_war_with与交战2bring_up 养育；抚养3become_interested_in 对感兴趣4be_proud_of 为自豪5in_conclusion 总之6for_the_first_time 第一次1.“atn.”短语荟萃at war交战at peace 处于和平状态at hand 在手边at work 在工作at rest 在休息at table 在吃饭2.sense相关短语多棱镜a sense of direction/humor方向感/幽默感in a sense 从某种意义上说in no sense/way 决不make sense 讲得通；有道理make sense of 理解；弄懂 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：the way定语从句 Treat others in_the_way_you_want_to_be_treated.己所不欲，勿施于人。 句型2：the reason why . is that .的原因是 Mencius believed that the_reason_why_man_is_different_from_animals_is_that man is good. 孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。句型3：“do/does/did动词原形”表示强调 However, we do_know that in 1092 AD he invented the first real clock.然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了第一块真正的钟表。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式A根据汉语提示写出下列单词1He ordered(命令) us to leave at once, but nobody followed it.2Last week he resigned(辞职) and gave up the position(职位) as a manager because of poor health.3Edison kept trying out some new ideas until he invented(发明) what he wanted.4Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels(燃料) like coal, gas and oil.5Despite the variety of injuries, several principles(原则) of first aid can apply to all emergencies.B根据所给单词写出适当形式6What the professor stressed(stress) in the meeting yesterday is that health is very important for everyone.7It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others kindness(kind) and rudeness.8If you want to succeed, I think that setting a goal for yourself is of great importance(important)9Were trying to make our newspaper become more and more influential(influence) in our country.10Such people as have made great contributions(contribute) to the world should be greatly respected.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019天津卷)With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.原理2. (2019江苏卷)After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 平等的3(2019浙江卷6月) Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 紧张；短缺4(2019天津卷) What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1，500 words to meet the category requirement？种类；类别.选词成篇agree with; become interested in; for the first time; more than; be similar toLi Hua 1.became_interested_in English when he began to learn it 2.for_the_first_time. Now he has learned 3.more_than 3，000 English words, and once got the first prize in an English competition. I 4.agree_with his opinion that interest is the best motivation.be at war with; bring up; a sense of responsibility; be proud of; in conclusionHe used to 5.be_proud_of his hometown, a beautiful village where he was born and 6.brought_up. Now his country 7.is_at_war_with its neighboring country, so he has to leave his hometown for a living. Although he is a man with 8.a_sense_of_responsibility,_he is at a loss what to do for his hometown.完成语段Honestly speaking, 1.the_way_you_learn_English(你学习英语的方法) is neither scientific nor effective. Besides, 2.the_reason_why_you_have_failed_in_the_exam_is_that(你考试失败的原因是) you havent made good use of your time to learn. Therefore, you 3.do_need(确实需要) some scientific learning methods. equalv等于，与相等；比得上adj.平等的；胜任的n. 同等的人或物基础练习单句语法填空He is equal to accomplishing(accomplish) the task, for no one equals him in the area. In other words, he is without equal.a.We Chinese people have persistently urged the equality(equal) of nations, big or small.b(福建卷)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally(equal) respected.能力提升一句多译尽管他和他们的身高相同，但在打篮球方面无人能与他匹敌。They are of_the_same_height,_but no one can be_equal_to_him_in playing basketball.Though he is_equal_to_them_in_height,_no one can equal_him_in playing basketball. (1)equal sb./sth.(in.)(在方面) 比得上，与匹敌；与相等be equal to sth./doing sth.(in.) (在方面)与相等；能胜任(2)without (an) equal 无人可比的(3)equally adv. 同样地；相等地equality n. 相等；平等 名师点津 表示“胜任”的其他常见表达：be up tobe fit forbe qualified for词块助记enjoy equal rights享有平等的权利be equal in height 同等高度be equal to anything 无所不能 ordern顺序；秩序；整齐；命令；订购vt.命令；订购；安排基础练习单句语法填空a.(北京卷)To catch the early flight, we ordered(order) a taxi in advance and got up very early.b(北京卷)Ordered(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.a.The head teacher was strict. He ordered that boy students(should)_wear(wear) short hair.bHe had to obey the order that he(should)finish(finish) the secret task ahead of time. 能力提升完成句子把你必须要做的事情列一个清单，然后按照重要性把它们进行排序。Make a list of what you have to do, and put them in_order_of importance.我给他打了两次电话，可是没接通。电话线可能是出故障了。I telephoned him twice but I couldnt get through. The line might have been out_of_order (1)order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事order that.(should)do 命令(2)in order 井然有序；适宜的out of order 紊乱的；出故障的in order of 以的顺序(3)place an order for sth.(with sb.) (和某人) 订购某物 佳句背诵 All the things in the room were out of order, but she quickly put them in order.房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井井有条了。名师点津 order作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用(should)do形式。作名词用，表示“命令”时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。词块助记in the right/correct order按照正确的顺序obey orders 服从命令 stressn压力，重压；强调vt.重音；着重；强调；重读基础练习单句语法填空a.(全国卷)If you feel stressed(stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of greater and less importance.b(江苏卷) It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful(stress) society.(上海卷)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under,_the better your performance will be.能力提升一句多译老师经常强调勤奋在通往成功之路上的重要性。Teachers often stress_the_importance_of diligence in the approach to success. (stress v)Teachers often lay/put/place_stress_on diligence in the approach to success. (stress n) (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.把重点放在某事上；强调某事under stress 在压力之下under the stress of 为所迫(2)stress the importance of. 强调的重要性 (3)stressed adj.焦虑不安的，感到有压力的stressful adj. 压力重的；紧张的佳句背诵 Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness.研究表明微笑可以降低血压、舒缓压力、增进快乐。词块助记relieve stress缓解压力ease stress 减轻压力 conditionn状况；条件；环境基础练习单句语法填空a.(安徽卷)What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.bOn no condition can we give up our dreams. Only if we stick to our dreams will we be able to get over all kinds of challenges.(安徽卷)In fact, it is many young peoples ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions(condition)能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)You can borrow my book if you return it before Friday. (高级表达)You can borrow my book on_condition_that you return it before Friday. (1)be in good/bad/poor condition 状态良好/不佳out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳(2)on condition that 如果；在条件下；倘若on no condition 决不(3)under.conditions 在条件下 名师点津 (1)condition表示“(工作或生活)环境”时，通常要用复数形式；表示“状况”时，为不可数名词，表示“条件”时，则为可数名词。(2)on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。 bring up养育；抚养；提出(话题)；呕吐；教育一词多义写出下列句中bring up的含义He brought up a practical plan in the meeting, but got rejected.提出(福建卷) Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育They have very definite ideas on how to bring up children.养育能力提升完成句子(江西卷)Some people fear that air pollution may bring_about_changes(引起变化) in the weather around the world.(江西卷)The government plans to bring_in_new_laws(推行新法) forcing parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.bring about引起，导致bring back 归还；带回；(事物)使记起；恢复bring down 使倒下；降低bring in 吸引；引进；赚得 佳句背诵 Being brought up in the countryside made Mr. Wilson more hardworking than others. 在乡村被抚养长大使得威尔逊先生比他人更努力。 the way定语从句(教材原句)Treat others in the way you want to be treated.己所不欲，勿施于人。基础练习单句语法填空a.The way that/which was put forward by him to do the experiment was similar to the way that you carried it out.bI will tell the way in which you can learn English well, because I know the way that/which you have accepted is not the best.(2019北京卷) Most people believe the best way to_build(build) a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 能力提升完成句子(湖北卷)使我吃惊的不是他说的什么而是他说话的方式。What surprised me was not_what_he_said_but_the_way_(that/in_which)_he_said_it (1)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语；(2)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略；(3)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.形式。 佳句背诵 The way people do things highlights many of the differences between cultures.人们做事的方式突显了许多文化差异。Is this the way you can imagine of reducing air pollution？这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？ the reason why.is that.的原因是(教材原句)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。基础练习单句语法填空a.The reason why he failed the English exam was that he didnt learn it well.bIs this the reason_that/which he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(全国卷)The reason for which I cannot accompany you to the bookstore is that I have to attend an important class meeting.a.Sorry, we are late. Thats because we were held up in the traffic jam.bWe were held up in the traffic jam and thats why we are late.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)People carry umbrellas in hot summer days because the hot sun may be harmful to the exposed skin.(高级表达)The_reason_why_people_carry_umbrellas_in_hot_summer_days_is_that_the_hot_sun_may_be_harmful_to_the_exposed_skin.(why引导的定语从句) (1)the reason why .is that .，表示“的原因是”， 其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。(2)reason常见的句式：the reason for sth./doing sth. is/was that .the reason why/for which.is/was that .the reason that/which定语从句 is/was that .(3)That/This is because.表示“这是因为”，because引导的表语从句表示原因；That/This is why. 表示“这就是的原因”，why引导的表语从句表示结果。 名师点津 the reason后接定语从句的引导词用why/for which还是用that/which，取决于其在定语从句中所承担的句子成分。缺少主语、宾语、表语用that或which；缺少状语用why或for which。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1Yet would it be surprising if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful(stress) and demanding as it is in China?2Honestly(honest), I find it hard to put up with my roommate these days, who is always returning late and making much noise. 3As far as Im concerned, I learn English not only because of its importance(important) but also because of my love for it.4Learning to read and write opens the door to a better job and better living conditions(condition)5The boy, brought(bring) up in the countryside, has a strong interest in the colourful city life.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1In conclusion, there is no other better way that they can think of to deal with the problem.2The reason why the student was absent from class was not the reason that/which he gave me.3As your friend, I know how hard you have been studying Chinese and I am proud of your achievement.4The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once more to have a discussion.5How long do you think the two countries will be at war with each other?维度三派生词练习1He is a very influential person.He has an important influence on peoples ideas.(influence)2I dislike their argument but they often argue with each other about some small matters.(argue)3All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)4His great contributions to the company have contributed to its rapid development in recent years.(contribute)5The honest boy impressed all the employers with his honesty(honest)维度四完成句子/句型转换1尽管她是在城市出生并被抚养大的，但她喜欢乡村生活。Though born_and_brought_up in the city, she prefers life in the country.2轮船的引擎发生了故障，而恶劣的天气增加了海员们的无助感。The engines of the ship were out_of_order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea. 3Tom overslept this morning. That was why he was late for work.The_reason_why Tom was late for work was_that he overslept this morning.4Can you work out a way? We can solve the problem in this way.Can you work out a way that we can solve the problem?Can you work out a way in_which we can solve the problem?5They agreed to lend us the car as long as we returned it before the weekend.They agreed to lend us the car on_condition_that we returned it before the weekend.提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)Mr. Smith who 1.was_brought(bring) up in Texas was equal to 2.doing(do) the difficult job. The reason 3.why he became 4.an influential figure in the company is that he always worked 5.harder(hard) than anyone else. He stressed the 6.importance(important) of order, honesty and justice. He 7.invented(invent) several better management principles in order to improve the working 8.conditions(condition). And it turned out to be very effective. All his workmates thought that he made great contributions to the development of the company. Unfortunately, he was 9.in poor condition at the age of 60, so he 10.resigned(resign) several days ago.提能二话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史人物很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：该人物是谁；该人物的主要贡献。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)知道你对中国历史很感兴趣，对此我感到很自豪。I know that you are_interested_in_Chinese_history,_and I feel_very_proud_of it.我最喜欢的中国历史人物是张衡，因为他是一个无与伦比的发明家。My favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng, because he was a_great_inventor_without_equal他生于公元78年，并在一个大家庭中被抚养成人。Born in 78 AD, he was_brought_up in a big family.在他的一生中有许多具有影响力的发明，其中包括著名的地震仪。During his life, he made_many_influential_inventions,_including the famous seismograph. 他为科学和人类社会的进步做出了巨大的贡献。He made_great_contributions_to_the_progress of science and human society.2升级平淡句用“介词which”非限制性定语从句升级句I_know_that_you_are_interested_in_Chinese_history,_of_which_I_feel_very_proud.用“the reason why . is that . ”升级句The_reason_why_my_favourite_figure_in_Chinese_history_is_Zhang_Heng_is_that_he_was_a_great_inventor_without_equal.3衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)_One possible version：Dear Jim，I know that you are interested in Chinese history, of which I feel very proud. The reason why my favourite figure in Chinese history is Zhang Heng is that he was a great inventor without equal.Born in 78 AD, he was brought up in a big family. During his life, he made many influential inventions, including the famous seismograph. In conclusion, he made great contributions to the progress of science and human society.Yours，Li Hua (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020沈阳教学质量监测一)With smart technology increasingly influencing all aspects of our lives, it is only a matter of time before someone invents smart shoesones that can be made based on personal needs. Called “ShiftWear”， the sneakers are the brainchild of a team of businessmen, and engineers led by New Yorkbased designer David Coelho.The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app. Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD patterns by famous artists or creating one themselves. The companys founders imagine the marketplace where artists can not only share but also sell their designs to others. Despite being electronic, the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight. Whats even cooler is that by switching on backlight, users can even show their designs in the dark!According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed. Though they will need periodic recharging, active users have nothing to worry about. Thats because the shoes are equipped with special WalkNCharge technology that powers the shoeswith every step. Inactive users also have options of charging the sneakers without using wires.The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear. Even better, they are completely waterproof(防水的) and can even be thrown into an ordinary laundry machine for a quick wash! The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the EPanels where the designs are displayed.This is not the first time that electronics and shoes have combined. Lithuaniabased iShuh Technologies has come up with a similar concept that connects ereader panels to a smart phone app via the Bluetooth. Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。1What can we know about the smart shoes from the text?AThe electronic designs can not be seen clearly at night.BThe designers make sure every pair of sneakers is unique.CThe bottom part of the shoes can last longer due to special materials.DThe shoes have to be washed by hand to protect the electronics.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear.”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。2What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AHow the sneakers are charged.BHow the sneakers can work well.CWhat images the sneakers show.DWhat technology the sneakers carry.A解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“According to Coelho, the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed.”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电，故A项正确。3The varied prices of the sneakers mainly depend on _.Athe length of the shoesBthe size of their EPanelsCthe designers of the shoesDthe material of their bottomsB解析：细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from
展开阅读全文