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专题八定语从句基础巩固.单句填空1.(2018河北五个一联盟二次联考)There are many good websitesyou can check out the latest in the science world.答案where句意:有许多好的网站,在上面你可以查阅科学界的最新内容。先行词为websites,将先行词代入定语从句后为:You can check out the latest in the science world on the websites.,由此可见先行词在定语从句中与介词on一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。2.(2018湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考)Another saying which has come from the fable is “God helps thosehelp themselves”. 答案who句意:来自那则寓言的另外一个格言是“天助自助者”。先行词是those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those help themselves.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who。3.(2018福建厦门期末)Then Needham began his lifelong research,ended up creating the greatest workScience and Civilisation in China.答案which句意:后来Needham开始了他毕生的研究,该研究最终成就了那本巨著中国科学技术史。根据设空处前的逗号可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句;先行词为his lifelong research,将先行词代入定语从句后为:His lifelong research ended up creating the greatest workScience and Civilisation in China.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“事物”,故填which。4.(2018山东烟台期末)His interest started a few years ago,he was in college and studying wildlife science.答案when句意:他的兴趣开始于几年前,当时他正在上大学研究野生动物科学。先行词为a few years ago,将先行词代入定语从句后为:He was in college and studying wildlife science a few years ago.,由此可知关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故填when。5.(2018河北百校联盟1月联考)There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary peopleplay less seriously.答案who/that句意:有大约4,000万名竞技型乒乓球选手,另有许多普通人以休闲方式打乒乓球。先行词为many ordinary people,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Many ordinary people play less seriously.,由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who或that。6.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.答案where空前的garden是先行词,逗号之后为非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where作为引导词。7.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise. 答案whose句意:我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。先行词为a couple,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作定语,故答案为whose。8.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. 答案when句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能会更好。先行词为next week,将先行词代入定语从句后可知关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。9.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.答案which句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它的方式不同。设空处前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。10.Students should involve themselves in community activitiesthey can gain experience for growth.答案where句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for growth from community activities.,由此可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。11.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,is quite unexpected.答案which句意:到目前为止,我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹款50,000英镑,这非常出乎(我们的)意料。根据句子结构可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填which。12.We have launched another man-made satellite,is announced in todays newspaper.答案which句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这件事是在今天的报纸上宣布的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用which引导。13.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most ofare family members.答案whom句意:约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分都是自家人。在定语从句中如果介词放在关系代词之前,且先行词是“人”时,从句中关系代词应用whom。14.Happiness and success often come to thoseare good at recognizing their own strengths.答案who句意:幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.,由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且指“人”,故用who。本题易误填that。当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等时,关系词用who不用that。.单句改错1.(2018山东日照一模)Its a black square suitcase, what is just as big as a school bag. 答案whatwhich句意:那是一个黑色方形手提箱,恰好和书包一样大。本题考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为suitcase,指“物”,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故需将what改为which。2.(2018河南天一大联考)When I was 12, I met Mary. She came to China with her parents, whom taught English in a university. 答案whomwho句意:当我12岁时,我遇到了玛丽。她和她父母一起来到了中国,她父母在一所大学教英语。本题考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为her parents;关系词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将whom改为who。3.I have an American friend, Marianne,she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky. 答案shewho句意:我有一位美国朋友Marianne,她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。逗号不能连接两个句子,由此可见“she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky”应为定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将she改为who。4.Then a man came in with his son, whom wanted to buy ice cream, too. 答案whomwho句意:后来一个人带着他的儿子走了进来,他也想买冰激凌。“whom wanted to buy ice cream, too”为非限制性定语从句,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故用who而非whom。5.The only reason that a man would sell salt at a lower price would be that he was desperate for money. 答案第一个thatwhyreason为先行词,关系词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导定语从句。6.We went to the Lincoln Memorial yesterday, when, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world. 答案whenwhichthe Lincoln Memorial为先行词,第一个逗号之后为分隔式定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which作为引导词,when应改为which。7.It is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. 答案ItAs先行词为逗号之后的内容,且关系词在从句中作主语,而定语从句位于句首时,只能用as引导。【知识拓展】as引导非限制性定语时,可位于句首、句中或句尾,常有“正如,正像”之意,其常用结构为:as anybody can see;as we know;as is well known;as often happens;as is reported;as is often the case;as is mentioned above;as has been pointed out等。8.Mr. White will come to the party on Sunday,when he promised to every one of us. 答案whenwhich逗号前的内容为先行词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语,故用which。9.Tom tried to get out of the business,where he found impossible. 答案wherewhich先行词为逗号前的内容,关系词在从句中作found的宾语,故应用关系代词which引导定语从句,where应改为which。10.About 200 Chinese businessmen left for Europe yesterday, when they would sign a series of deals worth up to 15 billion U.S. dollars. 答案whenwhere考查分隔式定语从句。先行词为Europe,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故应用where。5
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