（天津专用）2019高考英语二轮增分策略 专题三 阅读理解 第二节 分类突破 七 推理判断-文章出处或读者对象题优选习题

七、推理判断文章出处或读者对象题(2018全国，B)Many of us love July because its the month when natures berries and stone fruits are in abundance.These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbias fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.Of the common berries，strawberries are highest in vitamin C，although，because of their seeds，raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质)，iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein).Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质).The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries(樱桃)，they are so delicious who cares？However，they are rich in vitamin C.When combined with berries or slices of other fruits，frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick，cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”.For this purpose，select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter.Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.Frozen bananas will last several weeks，depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.If you have a juicer，you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert，to be eaten right away.This makes a fun activity for a childrens party；they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了七月给我们带来的各种水果，并告诉我们它们富含的营养成分和可以制成的美食。24.What does the author seem to like about cherries?A.They contain protein.B.They are high in vitamin A.C.They have a pleasant taste.D.They are rich in antioxidants.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句“As for cherries(樱桃)，they are so delicious who cares？”可知，作者喜欢樱桃是因为其味道甜美。故选C。25.Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A.To make them smell better.B.To keep their colour.C.To speed up their ripening.D.To improve their nutrition.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段倒数第二句“If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.”可知，往香蕉上挤一些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。26.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A.A dessert. B.A drink.C.A container. D.A machine.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是最后一句中的“.they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.”可知，此处juicer指果汁机。故选D项。27.From which is the text probably taken?A.A biology textbook.B.A health magazine.C.A research paper.D.A travel brochure.答案B解析文章出处题。从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的各种水果，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。因此可知本文可能摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。一、题型解读几乎所有话题都可能涉及文章出处、文章类别或读者对象题。设问形式常有：(1)This passage would probably/most likely be found in .(2)The passage is probably taken from/out of .(3)Where does the text probably come from?(4)The passage is probably intended for .(5)What type of writing is this passage?二、解题技巧内容细节巧判断1.看内容判出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称newspaper(2)推销介绍新产品advertisement(3)文章中有click here等网络用语website(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍travel guide(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍magazine/journal/entertainment section(6)科普知识science report(7)文化教育性的文章education section2.利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement(3)活动介绍：notice/announcement(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science report/study report3.确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节判断读者对象。例如：【真题感悟】中第27题，从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的各种水果，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。因此可知本文可能摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。A(2018河西区一模)Men can be beautiful too，right?CHINA is going to host the 18th World University Student Beauty Contest in Guangzhou this December.This year for the first time the contest will include a male section.Students from over 130 countries will compete for Mr and Miss Beauty.The contest is one of the most respected beauty contests in the world.It was copied by the United Nations University (an international university belonging to the United Nations) in 1986.Stick to studyingLi Yining，an economics professor at Peking University，said that he would not encourage students to try their luck in the stock market.“They should stress study，” Li said，in his speech at Beijing Foreign Studies University.When asked，the professor said he expected house prices in Beijing to continue to rise.Li thinks the government should provide more affordable houses for low-level income people.Campus cinemasStudents at over 100 universities will have a digital cinema on campus after the National Day holiday.The 21st Century Digital Film on Campus Project was launched at the end of September.The ticket will cost 38 yuan，rather than 3040 yuan at cinemas in town.Students often download movies online or watch DVDs.Now they can enjoy original films in the digital cinema.The digital cinema will show a variety of films other than Hollywood blockbusters.Getting practicalAll 12,000 graduates from vocational schools in Shanxi Province have landed a job，according to the provincial government.In the past five years，it is estimated that over 95 percent of the professional school graduates have found jobs.However，the number for university graduates is 70 percent.Some employers said that they prefer professional school graduates who learned something more practical in school and expected lower salaries than university students.1.In the third part，the underlined word “launched” may mean “ ”.A.started B.endedC.told D.mentioned答案A解析词义猜测题。根据本句“The 21st Century Digital Film on Campus Project was launched at the end of September.”说明该项活动是在9月底开始的。2.Where can the material be chosen from?A.A novel. B.A newspaper.C.An advertisement. D.A fashion magazine.答案B解析文章出处题。本文讲述了几个新闻事件，如大学生选美、厉以宁的演讲等，都是一些新闻事件，那么最有可能的就是从报纸上摘录的。3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A.More than 130 countries will take part in the 18th World University Student Beauty Contest.B.The ticket for digital film will cost 38 yuan.C.In the past five years，over 95 percent of the university graduates have found jobs in Shanxi.D.Over 100 universities took part in the 21st Century Digital Film on Campus Project.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四部分第三句话“However，the number for university graduates is 70 percent.”可知，大学毕业生的就业率是70%而非95%。4.Professor Li thinks that .A.the house prices in Beijing will keep going upB.the students should try their luck in the stock marketC.the government can do nothing about housing problemD.the students should not only pay attention to study答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二部分第三句中的“he expected house prices in Beijing to continue to rise”说明厉教授认为北京的房价会继续上涨。5.What can we infer from the passage?A.In Shanxi，the professional school graduates are less popular with employers than university graduates recently.B.The digital cinema will only show Hollywood blockbusters.C.The graduates from universities can put what they learned into practice more easily.D.No men competed in the World University Students Beauty Contest before this year.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一部分第二句“This year for the first time the contest will include a male section.”说明今年是第一次有男性参与的比赛，那么以前是没有男性参与比赛的。BHELSINKIStuck in a distant corner of the Baltic near the Russian border，Finland has long had a reputation as a somber，dark place，caught between East and West.The nations only known personality is Santa Claus.Not any more.Finland is becoming a hit as thousands of fashion-conscious people discover the latest cold place to become hot.Helsinki is where most first-time visitors stay，sometimes just for a long weekend.Because more and more people travel with hand luggage only，they can look for new，stylish destinations where they can hang out，eat and buy new stuff to remind themselves and their friends of how stylish they are.But why Helsinki？Isnt the city cold，expensive and dull？Cold，yes.So cold that they heat the pavement in winter，but thats where the bad news ends.Helsinki is cheaper than almost any other major European capital，and there is more than enough to do to fill a long weekend.Buses and trams cost pennies，and bicycles are free.But the best way to see the city is on foot.The Viking Line cruise groups stick to the traditional sightseeing walkabout，the Lutheran Church，Sibeliuss home and the fish and meat market on the docks.Across from the Klub bar is Teatteri，a restaurant designed by Briton Rupert Gardner.No place better illustrates the change Helsinki has undergone.Twenty years ago，it was a nightclub called Hot Lips.Walk in today and you could be in London or New York.The countrys furniture and homewares may not be as well known as those of Ikea of Sweden，but the kind of people who get excited by teapots swear Finnish varieties are the best money can buy.A decade after an economic recession that left Finland hunting for money，the countrys capital feels stylishly European.The broad,19th-century boulevards，lined with smart stores and cafes，feel high-spirited.It is a far cry from Helsinki that was once grim enough for Cold War film-makers to use it to represent Russia.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芬兰首都赫尔辛基如今已成为一座现代化的时尚都市并以自己的独特魅力吸引着越来越多的游客。6.This passage is most likely to be found in .A.a storybookB.a geography textbookC.a research reportD.a travel magazine答案D解析文章出处题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了赫尔辛基的旅游特色。故正确答案为D。7.The best way to see Helsinki is .A.by boat B.by busC.on foot D.by tram答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“But the best way to see the city is on foot.”可知，参观这个城市最好的办法是步行。故正确答案为C。8.What can we learn about Helsinki?A.It was once used by film-makers to represent Russia.B.Homewares of Finnish varieties are believed to be most worth buying.C.If you want to see the change Helsinki has gone through，the best place is the Lutheran Church.D.Finnish furniture is more famous than that of Ikea of Sweden.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It is a far cry from Helsinki that was once grim enough for Cold War film-makers to use it to represent Russia.”可知答案为A。9.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Not considering this，you will find Helsinki attractive.B.As it is cold，Helsinki is the place where tourists seldom go.C.Helsinki is a place which can bring you good luck.D.If you are unhappy you should go to Helsinki.答案A解析句意理解题。根据画线部分后的内容可知，赫尔辛基这个地方除了“冷”这个缺点外，有很多其他优势。故正确答案A。10.Which of the following places is NOT where the Viking Line cruise groups like to go?A.The Lutheran Church.B.Sibeliuss home.C.Teatteri.D.The fish and meat market on the docks.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The Viking Line cruise groups stick to the traditional sightseeing walkabout，the Lutheran Church，Sibeliuss home and the fish and meat market on the docks.”可知正确答案为C项。题型组合练(十).单项填空1.He writing the paper now.He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.A.shouldnt be B.cant have finishedC.cant be D.mustnt have finished答案B解析句意为：他现在一定还没完成论文，十分钟前我离开他的时候，他还没有动笔。此处表示否定猜测“不可能做过”用cant have done。故选B项。2.Isnt it lovely to think that I myself on the sunny beach tomorrow at this time?A.will enjoy B.am enjoyingC.will be enjoying D.shall enjoy答案C解析根据时间状语tomorrow at this time可知，此处表示将来的一个时间点正在做某事，故用将来进行时。句意为：想到明天的这个时候我正在阳光明媚的沙滩上玩耍，难道不是一件快乐的事吗？3.Dont you know its the first time he this kind of meeting?A.attends B.attendedC.has attended D.is attending答案C解析在“It is the first time that.”结构中，that从句中的动词用现在完成时。4. who are able to work through the struggle are the who are going to be successful.(2018河东区一模)A.Someone；one B.Anyone；oneC He；ones D.Those；ones答案D解析分析句子结构可知，该句中包含了两个定语从句，且这两个从句的谓语动词都是are，故其先行词也应为复数，而A、B、C三项都是单数，因此只有D符合题意。5.Do you mind if I record your lecture? .Go ahead.A.Never mind B.No wayC.Not at all D.No.Youd better not答案C解析根据后面的“Go ahead.”可知，说话者同意(不介意)对方对其讲座进行录音，因此选C，即“不介意”。6.The villagers make it a rule that cuts down trees will be punished.(2018红桥区一模)A.whichever B.whomeverC.whoever D.whatever答案C解析句意为：村民们规定无论谁砍伐树木都要受到惩罚。分析句子结构可知此处为whoever引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。whomever在句中只能作宾语；whichever不能指人；whatever指物或者是事。7.Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year.A.that B.which C.when D.where答案C解析when引导的是时间状语从句，表示“当南希去年在悉尼拜访朋友的时候”。8.The good service at the hotel the poor food to some extent.A.made up B.made up forC.made for D.made out答案B解析句意为：酒店的良好服务在一定程度上弥补了餐食上的不足。make up构成，化妆；make up for弥补，补偿；make for走向，有助于；make out辨认，理解。根据句意应选B项。9.I didnt know what to do but then suddenly an idea to me.A.happened B.occurredC.hit D.entered答案B解析occur作动词除表示“发生，存在”外，还可与介词to连用，意为“被想起，被想到，浮现在某人的脑海中”等。10.We havent seen each other for ages.No，I dont remember how many years ago I last saw you.A.it was that B.was it thatC.it was when D.was it when答案A解析特殊疑问句的强调句型作remember的宾语从句，此时从句中应用陈述语序。.完形填空(20183月天津)Years of living with a lisp(口齿不清) had taught me it was better not to say anything than to speak and risk embarrassment.As a result of my 11 ，I felt distanced from most of my peers(同龄人).“Kathy? Oh，shes quiet.” Thats what most people would say when they 12 me，as if “Quiet” were part of my 13 .I was okay with that.I didnt need to be 14 .Last September，however，that all 15 .I started my creative writing class with Ms Haist.Every day we would be given a different writing task and，if we wished，we could 16 what we had written.I 17 listening to others read their work and thinking：“That will never be me.Ill never have the 18 to do that.”One day，I was really 19 with what I had written and wanted to share.My heart was beating wildly as I raised my hand.Those 20 little voices were ringing in my ear，“You have a lisp，remember? 21 ，your writing isnt that good.Be quiet.” I was about to 22 my hand when I met Ms Haists encouraging eyes.I swallowed the voices down and let my real voice 23 .I could hear it 24 as I read，and I could hear every stutter(结巴) and mistake.I finished reading，waiting to be laughed at. 25 ，I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms Haist.The next day，I did it 26 .Soon I was reading out loud nearly every day.Gradually，I realized that 27 my lisp，the class and the teacher always appreciated my writing.Now I may still not be the most 28 ，social person，but Ive become better at oral presentations.I 29 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet，I think of all the encouragement I received in class and I know that I 30 to be heard.11.A.embarrassment B.excitementC.humor D.silence答案D解析根据句意可知，由于作者的沉默，她感到与其他同龄人有距离感。并且根据下文的“shes quiet”可以判断此空应选silence。embarrassment尴尬；excitement激动，兴奋；humor幽默；silence沉默。12.A.heard from B.talked ofC.called on D.looked for答案B解析句意为：当大多数人说到我的时候都会说“她非常安静”。hear from听说；talk of谈到，说到；call on号召；look for寻找。13.A.name B.opinionC.duty D.business答案A解析句意为：就好像“安静”是我名字的一部分。name名字；opinion意见；duty责任；business商业，生意。14.A.seen B.heardC.followed D.protected答案B解析句意为：我不需要被听见。由上文中的“Quiet”以及“I was okay with that.”可知，作者认为自己不需要被他人听见。see看见；hear听到；follow跟随；protect保护。15.A.disappeared B.returnedC.developed D.changed答案D解析根据下文可知，作者发生了很大变化。disappear消失；return返回；develop发展；change改变。16.A.examine B.practiceC.share D.copy答案C解析在每节写作课上都会有不同的写作任务，如果愿意的话，还能与其他人一起分享自己写的内容。由下文作者听其他同学读他们自己的作文及第三段中的“I was really with what I had written and wanted to share”也可判断此空应填share。examine检查；practice练习；share分享；copy复制。17.A.regret B.considerC.imagine D.remember答案D解析句意为：我记得我当时听其他同学读他们自己的作文。regret后悔；consider考虑；imagine想象；remember记得。18.A.time B.courageC.patience D.evidence答案B解析结合上文可知，作者之所以永远不可能这么做是因为作者由于口齿不清所以没有勇气那样做。time时间；courage勇气；patience耐心；evidence证据。19.A.busy B.strictC.pleased D.disappointed答案C解析通过后半句作者非常想分享自己的作文可知，作者对自己的作文非常满意。be busy with忙于；be strict with对严格；be pleased with对满意；be disappointed with对失望。20.A.tired B.urgentC.funny D.cheerful答案B解析句意为：当我举手的时候，我的耳朵里有一些急迫的声音响起。tired疲倦的；urgent急迫的；funny有趣的；cheerful高兴的。21.A.Besides B.OtherwiseC.Therefore D.Normally答案A解析句意为：你口齿不清，记得吗？而且，你的作文也不怎么样。besides此外，而且；otherwise否则；therefore所以；normally通常地。22.A.touch B.waveC.extend D.withdraw答案D解析根据上文可知，一些嘲笑的声音在她耳朵里响起，这里指当她正想放下手，这时她收到了Ms Haist鼓励的眼神。touch接触；wave挥手；extend延伸；withdraw收回。23.A.go down B.die awayC.come out D.calm down答案C解析句意为：我压下这些声音，让我的真正的声音出现。go down下降；die away减弱，消失；come out出现；calm down冷静下来。24.A.shaking B.singingC.shouting D.deepening答案A解析上文说她开始要说出真正的声音，所以是本句it指代的是real voice，她边读边听到声音在颤抖，并且她可以听到每一次结巴与错误。shake颤抖；sing唱歌；shout大喊；deepen加深。25.A.Sadly B.HopefullyC.Honestly D.Unexpectedly答案D解析句意为：我读完之后，等待着被嘲笑。出乎意料的是，我听到了同学们的掌声和老师的表扬。sadly悲哀地；hopefully有希望地；honestly真诚地；Unexpectedly出乎意料地。26.A.again B.aloneC.already D.anyway答案A解析根据下文，不久后她基本每天都可以大声阅读可知，此处表示她又一次像前一天那样表现。again又；alone独自地；already已经；anyway无论如何。27.A.thanks to B.instead ofC.despite D.except答案C解析句意为：渐渐地我意识到，尽管我结巴，同学和老师还是经常欣赏我的作文。thanks to多亏；instead of代替；despite尽管；except要不是。28.A.serious B.outgoingC.nervous D.hardworking答案B解析上文叙述了她从不敢说到敢说，可知现在她可能没有变到最开朗，但是在口语表达方面已经有改善了。serious严重的；outgoing开朗的；nervous紧张的；hardworking努力工作的。29.A.even B.stillC.only D.seldom答案A解析根据上文，她跟之前比有了很大的改变，所以是“我甚至可以在阅读俱乐部大声读出我的诗”。even甚至；still仍然；only仅仅；seldom很少。30.A.fear B.agreeC.deserve D.pretend答案C解析句意为：每次那些声音试图让我安静，我就会想到我所收到的鼓励，并觉得我是值得被倾听的。fear恐惧；agree同意；deserve值得；pretend假装。.阅读理解The insects live underwater，wondering what exists above.One of them offers to climb up and report back.He makes his way up，breaks the surface and feels the suns warmth.Suddenly，he becomes a beautiful four-winged creaturea dragonfly(蜻蜓).He tries to return home，but discovers he cannot dive beneath the water.Hes unable to tell anyone about the wonders of the world above.The story wouldnt leave my mind.I pulled my jacket tighter against the late-October wind，hurrying from my office to the drugstore，where I intended to buy a card.Occasionally I glanced up into the clear blue sky for those beautiful wings.It was just a story in a book that a friend had put in my hands after my daughters death four months earlier，I thought.Kari was only 27 years old when she died in an accident.She occupied my every waking thought.Whenever the phone rang early in the morning，I remembered Kari，who always called me on her way to work. In the middle of the night，tired but unable to sleep，I used the way her shoulders shook when she broke into that infectious laughter just to feel closer to her.Rounding the corner to the drugstore，I thought of the dragonfly pin Kari always wore on her winter coat.Maybe that pin was one of the reasons the story stayed with me.A few weeks after Karis death，her husband，Donnie，came to visit.We would put on forced smiles and tried to say the right things.We took a boat out on the lake.Then I looked over at Donnie.A dragonfly with light blue wings was flying just above his shoulder.All summer，I saw dragonflies wherever I went，not just by the lake.In my backyard，a dragonfly landed lightly on my wrist.A group of dragonflies even surrounded my car on my drive home from work one evening.Now it had been weeks since Id seen one.Dragonflies couldnt survive the harsh(严酷的) winter.“Think of the good times，”everyone kept telling me.“She wouldnt want to see you so sad.”But how could I not be sad?I reached the drugstore and opened the door.The cashier glanced in my direction.Thats when I froze，unable to take another stop.Everywhere I looked were beautiful wings of dragonflies.“A late shipment of summer items，” the cashier said.They werent late for me.The t