资源描述
第2讲 推理判断题【真题达标组】A(2019北京卷， B)Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a supersweet treat that could save kids teeth，instead of destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it？” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dads permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and toothfriendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy.As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasnt driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilieCandys profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.()1.How did Moore react to her dads warning?AShe argued with him. BShe tried to find a way out.CShe paid no attention. DShe chose to consult dentists.()2.What is special about CanCandy?AIt is beneficial to dental health. BIt is free of sweeteners.CIt is sweeter than other candies. DIt is produced to a dentists recipe.()3.What does Moore expect from her business?ATo earn more money. BTo help others find smiles.CTo make herself stand out. DTo beat other candy companies.()4.What can we learn from Alice Moores story?AFame is a great thirst of the young. BA youth is to be regarded with respect.CPositive thinking and action result in success.DSuccess means getting personal desires satisfied.【语篇解读】本文介绍了Alice Moore小时候坚定创业成立Alice candy并获得成功的故事。1B细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Moore was sick of missing . my parents cant say no to it？”可知，当父亲提醒她糖果会伤害牙齿的时候，她希望制造出不会被父母禁止的糖果，故选B。2A细节理解题。根据本文第三段“she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria”可知，Cancandy对牙齿有益处。故选A。3B细节理解题。由第五段“She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.”可知她希望每一个孩子拥有清洁的牙齿的同时脸上有着灿烂的微笑，故选B。4C推理判断题。从Moore的故事可知，她发现问题解决问题的能力很积极迅速。因此，积极活跃的点子和实际行动可以带来成功符合原文，故选C。B(2018全国卷，C)While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu, a 49yearold Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素)Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed，” he said.“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions.They think tradition means old things from the past.In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.The study of traditions should be combined with practice.Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.()5.Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are _.Afollowing the latest world trendBgetting international recognitionCworking harder than ever beforeDrelying on foreign architects()6.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?AIts hilly environment.BIts large size.CIts unique style.DIts diverse functions.()7.What made Wangs architectural design a success?AThe mixture of different shapes.BThe balance of East and West.CThe use of popular techniques.DThe harmony of old and new.()8.What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?ASpread them to the world.BPreserve them at museums.CTeach them in universities.DRecreate them in practice.【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化，获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖普利兹克奖。这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。5B推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利兹克奖，而普利兹克奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑得到了国际认可。故B项正确。6C细节理解题。根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知，它的设计风格独特，与大多数中国大学的校园很不同，许多游客对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊，故C正确。7D细节理解题。根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者Tadao Ando的评语可知，王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。8D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中“In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created”可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是假的和空洞的，故D正确。C(2017全国卷， B )I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City.When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me.I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core(核心) of our relationship off the screen.We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.I last saw him a few months ago.Hed been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didnt talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.()9.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?APaul Newman wanted it.BThe studio powers didnt like his agent.CHe wasnt famous enough.DThe director recommended someone else.()10.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?AThey were of the same age.BThey worked in the same theater.CThey were both good actors.DThey had similar characteristics.()11.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?ATheir belief.BTheir care for children.CTheir success.DTheir support for each other.()12.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo show his love of films.BTo remember a friend.CTo introduce a new movie.DTo share his acting experience.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让“我”参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为“我”说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。9C推理判断题。根据第一段中“When the studio didnt want me for the film it wanted somebody as wellknown as Paul ”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C项。10D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D项。11A词义猜测题。根据本段第一句话可知，尽管他们不经常见面，但是正是那种信念让他们聚在了一起。由此推断划线单词指的是他们共同的信念，故选A项。12B目的意图题。 文章开头作者介绍了自己与著名演员Paul Newman相识的情景，后面叙述了两人的交往和深厚的友谊。最后一段指出两人的最后一面是在医院。由此推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念自己的一位朋友，故选B项。【模拟提能组】A(2019全国卷高考压轴卷)Many children are interested in dinosaurs. If you have a child who loves dinosaurs, then here is some good news for you. There is an exhibition of dinosaurs at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum in Wembley, Albert AYou can plan a family road trip there. Give your child a surprise and youll enjoy your time there as a family.Sitting just 19 kilometers west of Grande Prairie, the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum was opened in 2015 and has collections that include fossils(化石) of sea animals, art works from different dinosaurs, a large family theater, as well as an outdoor discovery fossil walk, a large outdoor playground and the onsite DineOSaur restaurant. Experience the dinosaurs world like never before as you watch dinosaurs coming alive in movies. Learn about how these animals lived and breathed.You can check out Dinosaurs Unearthed and all of the other exciting exhibitions at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum on the following days/ time periods：September 1stMay 31st：TuesdaySunday 10 : 00 a. m6 : 00 p. m.Closed on MondaysJune 1stAugust 31st：SaturdayMonday 10 : 00 a. m6 : 00 p. m.TuesdayFriday 10 : 00 a. m8 : 00 p. m.Admission (门票)：Adults: $14 eachSeniors (65)：$11 eachStudents (with ID) and children (517)：$7 eachChildren under 5 : freeFamily (2 adults and up to 4 children): $40If you want to see a National Geographic film or a fulllength film during your visit, it is an extra $2$4.For more information, please visit the museums website at www. dinomuseum. ca.()1.What can people do at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum?AWatch a fulllength film for free.BLearn about dinosaurs disappearance.CHave fun on a large outdoor playground.DBuy some souvenirs of sea animals fossils.()2.If you want to go to the museum in October, what time should you try to avoid?AOn Tuesdays.BAfter 6 : 00 p. m.COn the weekend.DBefore 11 : 00 a. m.()3.Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce a museum.BTo encourage family time.CTo advertise an exhibition.DTo tell readers about dinosaurs.【语篇解读】这是一篇广告类阅读。这篇文章主要为人们推荐了适合全家人旅游的Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆。1C细节理解题。答案定位在第二段中“a large outdoor playground and the onsite DineOSaur restaurant.”可知在Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆，人们可以在一个大的户外操场上玩得很开心，故选C。2B推理判断题。根据第三段中“September 1stMay 31st: TuesdaySunday 10 : 00 a. m6 : 00 p. m”可知，十月份的每周二到每周日，下午六点关门，由此推断出你应该尽量避免下午六点以后去，故选B。3C推理判断题。第一段“There is an exhibition of dinosaurs at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum in Wembley, Albert AYou can plan a family road trip there. Give your child a surprise and youll enjoy your time there as a family.”是全文的主题句。结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要为人们推荐了适合全家人旅游的Philip J. Currie恐龙博物馆，故选C。B(徐州市2019年高三模拟检测，B)Health experts have known for years that kids who grow up on a farm have fewer incidences than city kids.Now they might finally know why.And that bit of information might be the clue they need to develop a vaccine(疫苗) for asthma(哮喘)and better treatment strategies for allergies.A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine compared 30 Amish children and 30 Hutterite children from two farming groups in North Dakota.Researchers chose these children because asthma is rare among the Amish but common among the Hutterites, even though the groups have similar genetic backgrounds and diets and very little exposure to tobacco smoke, polluted air and indoor pets.The one key difference lies in their farming methods: The Amish reject electricity and industrialization, while the Hutterites embrace it.And because of this, the children are exposed to different microbes(微生物)“We never thought we would see a difference，” Carole Ober, an author of the study and the chairwoman of the department of human genetics at the University of Chicago, told the New York Times.But to their great surprise, “we saw great differences with very, very different cell types and cell numbers.”The Amish children all had a large proportion of neutrophils white blood cells that are part of the socalled inborn immune system.The Amish kids neutrophils “were newly found in their bone marrow, evidence of a continual lowgrade reaction to microbial invaders(入侵者)，” the New York Times reports.In contrast, the Hutterite kids had “old” neutrophils, and researchers found their blood was full of another type of immune cell, eosinophils, which provoke allergic reactions.“I keep saying if everyone would just put a cow in their house, no kid would have asthma, but thats not very practical，” Ober told Live Science.Instead, Ober predicts an air mister parents could use to spray the beneficial microbes into the air.()4.What can we know about the Hutterite group according to Paragraph 2?AThe air is heavily polluted due to industrialization.BThey have a fatter chance to catch asthma and allergies.CTheir family members are addicted to cigarette smoking.DModern machines are widely used instead of farm animals.()5.Which of the following can be added to the differences between the two groups?Agenetic backgroundBimmune systemChealth careDeducational level()6.By jokingly suggesting having a cow in their house, Ober intends to tell us that _.Akeeping a toy cow is more practicalBwe should get exposed to indoor petsCunhealthy living styles should be avoidedDfarm environment helps fight asthma and allergies【语篇解读】通过比较来自North Dakota地区的30个阿米什和30个哈特尔的儿童，新英格兰医学杂志发表了一个新的医学研究结论。4D推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The one key difference lies in their farming methods: The Amish reject electricity and industrialization, while the Hutterites embrace it.And because of this, the children are exposed to different microbes(微生物)”可判断为D项。5B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“researchers found their blood was full of another type of immune cell, eosinophils, which provoke allergic reactions”并结合题意可知，应选B项。6D推理判断题。在最后一段中的原句为“I keep saying if everyone would just put a cow in their house, no kid would have asthma, but thats not very practical”根据文章内容引知，农垦的方式影响孩子的免疫力。C(黄冈中学2019年高三5月适应性考试D)Three Feet From GoldDarbys uncle was caught by the “gold fever” in the goldrush days, and went west to dig and grow rich.After months of labor, he was rewarded by the discovery of the shining ore(矿石)He needed machinery to bring the ore to the surface.So, with the “strike”， he returned home.And with the help of Darby, he borrowed a lot of money.After buying the machinery and having it shipped, Uncle and Darby went back to work the mine.The first car of ore was mined.And the returns proved they had one of the richest mines in Colorado! Down went the drills! Up went the hopes of Uncle and Darby!Then something happened! The vein(矿脉) of gold ore disappeared! They drilled on, but all in vain.Finally, they decided to quit and sold the machinery to a junk man for a few hundred dollars.The junk man called in a mining engineer to look at the mine and do a little calculating.The engineers calculations showed that the vein would be found just three feet from where the Darbys had stopped drilling! The junk man took millions of dollars in the vein, because he knew enough to seek experts advice before giving up.Most of the money which went into the machinery was borrowed through the efforts of Darby, who was then a very young man.The money came from his relatives because of their faith in him.He paid back every dollar of it, although he was years in doing so.Long afterward, Mr.Darby made another discovery that desire can be changed into gold.This discovery came after he went into the business of selling life insurance.Remembering that he lost a huge fortune, for he stopped three feet from gold, Darby profited by the experience in his chosen work, saying to himself, “I stopped three feet from gold, but I will never stop because men say no when I ask them to buy insurance.”Darby sold more than a million dollars in life insurance annually.He owes his “stickability” to the lesson he learned from his “quitability” in the gold mining business.()7.Darbys uncle went back home to _.Areceive his rewardBseek financial supportClook for more helpersDconsult an engineer()8.The Darbys failed in mining business because of_.Aquitting drilling onBthe disappearance of the veinCthe shortage of the machineryDcompeting against the junk man()9.From the passage, we can know Darby _.Awas unable to pay off the debtsBmined his gold from the failureClearned a lesson from selling insuranceDdevoted himself to making new discoveries()10.The author intends to tell us that _.Ahopes and difficulties exist side by sideBcorrect decisions stems from correct judgementCwe should catch it when an opportunity comesDwe wont reach our goal unless we persist【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Darby的叔叔发现了金矿，在Darby和亲戚的帮助下买到了钻探设备，但金矿脉消失，他们只好把设备卖给了一个旧货商。旧货商找到一个采矿工程师去看矿井，发现Darby只差3英尺就钻探到了金矿。后来Darby从事销售人寿保险业务，由于有前车之鉴，他坚持不放弃，终于成功了。7B细节理解题。根据第一段“So, with the strike， he returned home.And with the help of Darby, he borrowed a lot of money.”可知，Darby的叔叔回到家寻求财政支持。故答案为B。8A推理判断题。根据第三段中“They drilled on, but all in vain.Finally, they decided to quit and sold the machinery to a junk man for a few hundred dollars.”可知，在采矿业务上失败了，因为他们放弃了钻探。故答案为A。9B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I stopped three feet from gold, but I will never stop because men say no when I ask them to buy insurance.”和最后一段第一句“Darby sold more than a million dollars in life insurance annually.”可知，Darby从失败中挖掘出了他人生的金子。故答案为B。10D推理判断题。根据最后一段“He owes his stickability to the lesson he learned from his quitability in the gold mining business.”可知，作者想告诉我们，除非我们坚持下去，否则我们无法实现我们的目标。故答案为D。D(安徽省皖南八校2019年高三第三次联考4月试题)Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be able to turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts.Tethers Unlimited Inc., an aerospace technology company, has developed a system that combines a waste recycling machine with a 3D printer.Astronauts will put w
展开阅读全文