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Unit 3Computers李仕才【短文语法填空】No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, 1 a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may feel him hard 2 ( approach ). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a 3 ( talent ) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he 4 ( provide ) his family with a good social position and a 5 ( relative ) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my home, from 6 Ive gained lots of social experiences. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7 ( expectation ) of me. I can see that my idling away time 8 ( hurt ) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as 19_ ( write ) a book, he will be more excited than me. I always remind 10 ( me ) I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述父亲是一个结实健壮的人，友好善良，用自己的天赋和努力为家人创造了好的生活，但是父亲对我严格，期待很高。我将不会辜负父亲的厚望，一定努力，决不不半路放弃。1.with 2.to approach 【解析】考查不定式。to approach作状语修饰hard，形容词后不定式作状语，him是不定式的逻辑宾语，用不定式的主动形式表示被动。故填to approach。3.talented 【解析】考查形容词。句意：父亲是一个有天赋的人。talented有天赋的修饰man作定语，作定语用形容词。故填talented。4.has provided 【解析】考查动词。句意：用自己的天赋和多年的努力，父亲为全家提供了好的社会地位和相对富裕的生活。根据语境可知，提供这一动作指过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时。主语是第三人称单数。故填has provided。5.relatively 【解析】考查副词。relatively相对地修饰rich作状语，作状语用副词。故填relatively。6.whom 【解析】考查定语从句。from _6_ Ive gained lots of social experiences作定语修饰all walks of life，作介词宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。7.expectations 8.hurts 【解析】考查动词。句意：我明白我虚度的时间深深伤害了他。讲述现在的事情，且主语是第三人称单数。故填hurts。9.writing 【解析】考查词性转化。 such as诸如，as是介词，介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填writing。10.myself 【解析】考查代词。句意：我总是提醒我自己我必须一直向前，绝不半路放弃。主语和宾语指同一事物，作宾语用翻身代词。故填myself。total adj.总的；整个的n总数；合计(1)a total failure 完全失败a total of.总共in total 加起来(2)totally adv.完全地；整个地(教材原句)As a result I totally changed my shape.结果我的外形完全改变了。A_total of 132 people were killed in the Paris attacks.共有132人在巴黎恐怖袭击中被杀。My efforts ended in total (totally)failure.我的努力终归全盘失败。signal vi.& vt.发信号n.信号(1)a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号traffic signals 交通信号灯a stop signal 停车信号(2)signal(to)sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事signal to sb.向某人示意signal(sb.)that 示意(教材原句)For example，I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.例如，当我启动的时候，我可以用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我，这样可以有一个漂亮的射门。 (2015湖北卷)In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to_signal (signal) that someone was moving about upstairs.为了不被别人听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。(2016全国卷)Ranis friendlinessher warm smile，her nods，herIm here for youattitudewere all silent signals (signal) that didnt travel through wires.Rani的友好她温暖的微笑，点头，我与你同在的态度这一切都是无声的无线传递的信号。signal/symbol/sign/marksignal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号symbol指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物sign普通用词。指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征arise vi.出现；发生；起身，起床(1)作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为以下抽象名词：argument/problem/quarrel/ question/movement。(2)arise from由而引起，由而产生；从中产生。(教材原句)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.然后，如果出现新的情况，她就准备好可供使用的可靠的动作。Problems arise from/out_of the lack of communication.由于缺乏交流而产生问题。arise/rise/raise/arouse原形词性词义过去式过去分词现在分词arise(vi.)出现，发生，起因于arosearisenarisingrise(vi.)升起，起立，增长，上升roserisenrisingraise(vt.)举起，提高，饲养，养育，筹集，招募raisedraisedraisingarouse(vt.)唤醒，激起arousedarousedarousingOne of the problems arising (arise) from the present economic situation is that the price is rising (rise) sharply，of course，partly because some illegal businessmen raise it on purpose，which has_aroused (arouse) some objection.由当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨，当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一片反对之声。填一填It is no easy task to raise a child in a family.The price of wheat has risen since last year.A new crisis has arisen.(2017江苏卷)As a result its likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.【七选五】Are you having trouble concentrating when youre reading a book or listening to a lecture？This list of activities might help to improve your study habits.Make a list.We often have trouble paying attention to one thing because our brain wants to think about something else. 1 You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing.Sleep more.Studies show that people who sleep fewer than eight hours a night for a period of time have slower response systems and more difficulty recalling information. 2 Eat healthier foods.Many people enjoy foods high in fats and sugars. 3 They might give you a temporary burst of energy.However，that energy is soon followed by a crash.Reduce screen time.This may be the most unpopular suggestion among young people.Screen time time spent looking at cell phones，televisions，computer screens，has a clear effect on the attention span. 4 5 Concentration improves for students who participate in team sports.It could be that being active is helpful in this way.Participating in a sport trains your brain to concentrate on specific tasks，and shut out other thoughts.ABe active.BPractice more.CThese foods can provide enough energy for focusing.DBut these foods cant be helpful enough when it comes to focusing.EThat is bad news for teens who stay up studying the night before a test.FResearchers advise parents to limit it when their children need to be focused.GBy writing down all the things you need to do，youll gain a sense of control.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了几种提高注意力的方法。1G根据本段的主题句“列清单”以及空后的“You dont worry about whatever else you should be doing.”可知，选G项。2E根据本段的主题句“Sleep more.”和空前一句的内容可知，选E项。3D下文的“that energy is soon followed by a crash”与D项中的“cant be helpful enough”相对应，故答案为D。4F本段的主题句“Reduce screen time.”与选项F中的“limit it”对应，故答案为F。5A空处为本段的主题句，由下文的“It could be that being active is helpful in this way.”可知，答案为A。as a result 结果；因此as a result of 作为的结果，由于without result 毫无结果地；无效地result inlead to 导致，造成result from由引起，因为(教材原句)As a result I totally changed my shape.结果，我彻底改变了形状。We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends.我们在学习上互相帮助，结果我们成了好朋友。The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。The death of two passengers resulted from the accident.Two passengers died as a result of the accident.单句语法填空(2017北京卷)People have better access to health care than they used to，and theyre living longer as a result.in a way(in one way/in some way)从某一角度；在某种程度上on ones/the way to 在的途中；即将成为all the way 一路上；始终；一直by the way 顺便说by way of 经由；途径in the way 妨碍；挡路in no way 决不give way to 让位于；让路于No way！别想！没门！(教材原句)In a way our programmer is like our coach.从某种程度上讲，我们的程序员就好比是我们的教练。(2016全国卷)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport，I figured it all out.在去机场的路上，我坐在车的后面，把这一切都弄明白了。In no way can we miss the chance that someone will be sent abroad for further education.我们决不能错过这个被派往国外深造的机会。填一填Ill buy some vegetables on_my_way home.Youll have to moveyoure in_the_way.Its surprising that so many people should go abroad by_way_of Hong Kong.What he has said is reasonable in_a_way.(2017天津卷)In some ways, she lives in my house.deal with 处理；安排；对付；论述；谈论；与打交道how to deal with sth./what to do with sth.如何处理某物 deal in sth.做生意，经营，买卖make a deal 达成协议；做成交易Its a deal.成交；一言为定。(教材原句)This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.这意味着它应该打扫房间、擦地、煮饭和接听电话。Such a man is difficult to_deal (deal)with.这种人不容易相处。With so many things to_deal (deal) with，I have to work late into the night.有很多事情有待于处理，我得工作到深夜。I have no way yet as to what to_do (do) with such a complicated situation.这样复杂的局面该怎么应付我还没谱儿呢。deal with/do withdeal with意为“处理；安排；对付；涉及；谈论；与交易”等，其中的deal是不及物动词，故该短语常与疑问副词how连用do with意为“处理；安排；对付”等，do为及物动词，该短语与疑问代词what连用I dont know how they will deal with the problem.I dont know what they will do with the problem.我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。【短文改错】Last weekend I went on a ecotravel with a travel agency.All the way we appreciate the beautiful scenery and fresh air，so a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw rubbishes here and there.I dont think that it is a truly ecotravel.An ecotravel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well as.A real ecotravel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all cleaner water and green trees.Enjoyed the beauty of nature，we should try their best to protect it.【答案】Last weekend I went on ecotravel with a travel agency.All the way we the beautiful scenery and fresh air， a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.What was worse，many tourists threw here and there.I dont think that it is a ecotravel.An ecotravel not only allows us to express our love for nature，but needs our responsibility as well .A real ecotravel should like this：take nothing away but your good memory；leave nothing behind but all water and green trees. the beauty of nature，we should try best to protect it.第一处：aan。考查冠词。ecotravel的读音以元音音素开头，所以用an。第二处：appreciateappreciated。考查时态。根据时间状语Last weekend可知，应用一般过去时。第三处：sobut。考查连词。一路上我们欣赏美丽的景色，但是有人摘花。前后表示转折关系，故用but。第四处：rubbishesrubbish。考查名词。rubbish作“垃圾”讲，为不可数名词。第五处：trulytrue。考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词ecotravel。第六处：删除well后的as。考查固定表达。as well as后跟宾语，意为“以及”，不符合语境，此处应用as well表示“也”，放在句末。第七处：like前加be。考查系动词。此处like是介词，should后缺少be动词。第八处：cleanerclean。考查形容词。根据and后面的green以及语境可知，此处应用形容词原级。第九处：EnjoyedEnjoying。考查非谓语动词。主语we和enjoy之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词。第十处：theirour。考查代词。主语是we，此处表示“我们应该尽我们最大的努力去保护大自然”，故应用our。As time went by，I was made smaller.随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。as意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。as作为连词的用法主要有：(1)“正如；按照”，引导方式状语从句；(2)“当时候；一边一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句；(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)；(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as.as.句型，意为“像一样”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。As autumn draws (draw) near，leaves begin to fall from the trees.随着秋天的临近，树叶开始凋落。As you were (be) out，I left a message.你不在，所以我留了一张字条。Tired (Tire) as he was，he worked on.尽管他很累，他还继续工作。单句语法填空(2017江苏卷)A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.as/withas“随着”，是连词，引导时间状语从句with“随着”，是介词，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构As time went (go) on/by(With time going (go) on/by)，Einsteins theory proved to be correct.随着岁月的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证明是正确的。And my memory became so_large_that even I couldnt believe it!我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！so/such.that引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。(1)so.that.基本句式：(2)such.that.基本句式：(3)soadj./adv.that.句型中，若结果状语从句是否定形式，可以转换成“too.to.”结构；若结果状语从句是肯定形式，可以转换成“.enough to.”结构。(4)so that既引导结果状语从句也引导目的状语从句。引导目的状语从句时常有can/could/may/might等情态动词，此时so that可用in order that代替。(5)当so/such及其后部分放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。She is so clever a girl that we all like her.She is such a clever girl that we all like her.So clever a girl is she that we all like her.Such a clever girl is she that we all like her.她是一个如此聪明的姑娘，我们都喜欢她。There was so little water left that only little children were given some.剩下的水不多了，只给小孩分了一些。It is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.天气那么好，我们都想出去散步。【阅读理解】Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula, on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him; high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow. Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊）.There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .A. The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snowB. there were no people living in the western part of AmericaC.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky MountainsD. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .A. has changed a lot since 1805 B.is the meeting point of three culturesC. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit3.Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably .A. two native Indians B. explorers of the early 19th centuryC. merchants who did business with the IndiansD. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .A. was attempting the impossible B. was trying to set a world recordC. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks【文章大意】本文纪录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气、路程等的艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.可知答案为C。2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.可知答案为C。4.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，作者他们是沿着Lewis and Clark的足迹进行探险的。 12
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