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专题19 去伪存真 短文改错一、Whenever we hear about “the homeless”，most of us think of the developing world.But the 1 is that homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 2 country like Germany?Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 3 for the homeless of Berlin，Germanys capital.They first 4 in one long hot summer when most Germans were 5 on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches， 6 .The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing werent 7 .“What these people also need is warmth and 8 ，” says Rita.The Mullers didnt 9 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.Rita 10 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 11 to anyone who couldnt face another night on the street.The couple were soon 12 all their time and money，so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 13 donations.Today，over thirty companies 14 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 15 them to the homeless.The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 16 new shoes.Kurt and Rita receive no 17 for their hard work.“We feel like parents，” says Rita，“and parents shouldnt 18 money for helping their children.The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 19 ，she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 20 in the world.1.A.result B.truthC.reason D.idea答案B2.A.traditional B.developingC.typical D.wealthy答案D解析traditional传统的；developing发展中的；typical典型的；wealthy富裕的。我们有多少人能预料到在一个像德国这么富有的国家也有人住在大街上。3.A.preparations B.housesC.meals D.suggestions答案C解析preparation筹备；house房子；meal餐，饭；suggestion建议。根据后文的“Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches”可知，他们是为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了。4.A.began B.metC.called D.left答案A5.A.asleep B.aloneC.across D.away答案D解析解析参见上题。asleep睡着的；alone单独的；across穿过；away离开，远去。 6.A.brought up B.set upC.put aside D.gave away答案D解析bring up提起，养育；set up搭建，建立；put aside放一边；give away无偿赠送。库尔特和他的妻子待在家里做三明治，提供给无家可归者。7.A.enough B.necessaryC.helpful D.expensive答案A解析enough足够的；necessary有必要的；helpful有帮助的；expensive贵的。由后句中的“What these people also need.(人们还需要的是)”可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。8.A.fame B.freedomC.courage D.caring答案D解析fame名望，名声；freedom自由；courage勇气；caring关心，关怀。他们还需要温暖和关怀。9.A.hesitate B.agreeC.pretend D.intend答案A解析hesitate犹豫；agree同意；pretend假装；intend打算，想要。穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给了那些无家可归的人，并告诉他们随时给他们打电话。10.A.made sense B.found outC.made sure D.worked out答案C解析make sense有道理；find out发现，查明；make sure确保；work out算出，制定。前面说到穆勒夫妇把电话号码给无家可归的人，因此此处应是：丽塔确保家里有人随时接电话。11.A.open B.crowdedC.noisy D.near答案A解析open开放的；crowded拥挤的；noisy嘈杂的，吵闹的；near近的，接近的。她们家对任何一个在街上不想面对又一晚流落街头的人是敞开的。be open to意为“对是敞开的；对开放”。12.A.costing B.wastingC.taking D.spending答案D13.A.pay for B.ask forC.look into D.carry out答案B解析pay for付出；ask for要求，请求；look into调查；carry out执行。因为穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了，所以库尔特去了几家食品厂和服装厂请求捐赠。14.A.completely B.calmlyC.regularly D.roughly答案C解析completely完全地，完整地；calmly镇定地，平静地；regularly经常性地，定期地；roughly大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品。15.A.advertise B.sellC.deliver D.lend答案C解析advertise做广告；sell卖出；deliver递送，传送；lend借给。志愿者们帮助向无家可归者分发这些食品和其他物品。16.A.donates B.producesC.designs D.collects答案A解析donate捐赠；produce生产；design设计；collect收集。公众也捐献衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋。17.A.permission B.paymentC.direction D.support答案B18.A.borrow B.raiseC.save D.expect答案D解析borrow借；raise提高；save挽救，保存，节省；expect期望。我们感觉就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。其他动词都不符合句意。 19.A.surprised B.excitedC.tired D.amused答案C解析surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；tired累的；amused愉快的。尽管丽塔承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这项工作。20.A.profit B.differenceC.decision D.rule答案B二、Men and women may have different experiences in shopping for clothes.A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in 1 .He knows what he wants，and his 2 is to find it and buy it.All men 3 walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock(库存)，the deal can be done and 4 is completed in less than five minutes，with hardly any chat to everyones 5 .For a man，slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants.In that 6 ，the salesman tries to sell the customer something elsehe 7 the nearest to the article required.A good salesman brings out such a substitute(替代品) 8 ；he may say，“I know this jacket is not the style you want，sir，but would you like to try it for size？It 9 to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have 10 with this treatment，and the usual answer is：“This is the right color and may be the right size，but I shouldnt be 11 my time and yours by trying it on.”For a woman，buying clothes is always done in the 12 way.Her shopping is not often 13 on need.She has never fully decided what she wants，and she is only “having a look around”.She is always 14 to persuasion，willing to try on any number of things.Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that 15 thinks suits her.Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the lookout for the unexpected 16 .Faced with a roomful of dresses，a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another 17 selecting the dress she wants to 18 .It is a tiresome process，but clearly a(n) 19 one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting 20 .1.A.detail B.hurryC.advance D.mind答案C 解析根据下句“He knows what he wants.”可知男人购物时，他们要买的东西预先(in advance)就决定好了。2.A.advice B.goalC.demand D.question答案B 解析既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目标(goal)就是发现它并购买。advice建议；demand要求；question问题。3.A.quickly B.immediatelyC.soon D.simply答案D解析所有的男士只是(simply)走进商店向售货员要他们想要的东西。quickly迅速地；immediately立即；soon不久。4.A.often B.constantlyC.normally D.finally答案A5.A.confidence B.amusementC.satisfaction D.surprise答案C解析解析见上题。confidence信心；amusement娱乐；satisfaction满意；surprise惊奇。6.A.time B.eventC.situation D.case答案D解析如果那样的话(in that case)，售货员就会竭尽全力卖给顾客其他东西售货员会把离这位男顾客想要的东西最近的那件提供(offer)给他。7.A.gives B.offersC.presents D.delivers答案B解析解析见上题。give给予；present赠送，呈现；deliver送(货)。8.A.skillfully B.attentivelyC.actively D.carefully答案A解析好的售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)拿出这样的替代品。attentively认真地；actively积极地；carefully仔细地。 9.A.occurs B.happensC.comes D.takes答案B解析先生，我知道这件夹克不是你想要的款式，但是你能试一试这件看看尺码合适吗？那碰巧(happen)是你提到的那种颜色。10.A.patience B.interestC.expectation D.experience答案A11.A.losing B.spendingC.giving D.wasting答案D解析这件的颜色和大小可能都合适，但我不应该通过试穿它来浪费(waste)你我的时间。lose丢失；spend花费；give给予。12.A.same B.cleverC.opposite D.similar答案C解析对于女士来说，她们总是以迥然不同的(opposite)方式购买衣服。same相同的；clever聪明的；similar相似的。13.A.relied B.basedC.done D.related答案B解析女士购物经常不是基于需要。be based on基于；be relied on被依赖。没有be done on和be related on结构。14.A.open B.readyC.close D.happy答案A15.A.nobody B.somebodyC.everybody D.anybody答案C解析在女性购物者内心深处是想找到每个人(everyone)都认为适合她的东西。anybody常用于否定句和疑问句，故被排除。nobody和somebody不合本句句意，可直接排除。16.A.deal B.surpriseC.luck D.bargain答案D解析根据上文(大多数女性都有超高的价值意识)可推知，女性购物者总是对意外的便宜货(bargain)很留意。deal交易；surprise惊奇；luck运气。17.A.after B.asC.before D.by答案C解析面对满屋子的衣服，女性购物者可能会很容易花一个小时从一个服装架走到另一个服装架才(before)会选中自己想要试穿(try on)的衣服。18.A.try on B.try outC.try up D.try for答案A解析参考上题解析。19.A.tiring B.enjoyableC.boring D.graceful答案B解析这个过程很烦人，但对女性购物者来说显然是一种令她们很愉悦的(enjoyable)过程。20.A.customers B.assistantsC.wives D.husbands答案D解析男士不愿意购物，因此大多数服装店总是给等待女士购物的丈夫们提供椅子。三、Thinking of my good friends，I sense that my attitudes are totally different towards men and women.My earliest childhood friend is Donald.In the street was a(n)_old German truck.No wheels.No doors.Each day，_we were flying over the Atlantic in that truckour “airplane”， there came that wonderful moment：“ Engine_！” Id shout, “Well have to jump out.”Glancing at me，hed say, “I cant_！”“Fear not! Ill drag you to the _.”And when we swam_the dust, Donald cried “Sharks！” But I always_him.The next day, changing_， Donald would do the same to me.We saved each other hundreds of times, but when my family really did leave for America, we could do_.We just cried silently as the train_.These days, Jessica is one of my best friends.Recently we were swimming on the shore of the Atlantic, the_one I had “flown” over in my German truck with Donald.We were far from the shore when we both thought we_a shark! We began swimming_toward the shore.Although in_，I fell back to protect her.In the end, the“ shark” proved _， but not my deep emotional feelings for my friend.We looked into each others eyes and said, “I love you！”You see with women I could be_， emotionally honest and transparent.With male friends, it seemed impossible to_caring feelings however deep the friendship was.Much to my_， research shows that men and women have very different_and rational (理性的)processes.I do love all my friendsonly the means of expression_.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述“我”和朋友Donald和Jessica在一起时的经历，说明了“我”对待男性朋友和女性朋友的情感表达方式是不同的。1.AadvancedBdecoratedCabandonedDupdated2.AbeforeBwhileCafterDuntil答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，每天当(while)我们乘坐飞机(旧的德国卡车)飞越大西洋时，美妙的时刻就来临了。3.AlossBdeathCpressureDfailure答案：D 解析：根据下文的 “well have to jump out”可知，此处表示“发动机(出现)故障(failure)”，故选D。4.AjumpBswimCdieDrun答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“we were flying over the Atlantic”及“well have to jump out”和下文的“when we swam”可知，此处表示“我不会游泳(swim)”。5.AdustBriverCtruckDshore答案：D 解析：参见上题解析。因为Donald不会游泳，故此处表示“我会拖着你一起到岸(shore)上”。6.AoverBthroughCacrossDbeyond7.AleftBfetchedCrescuedDdefeated答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Sharks”及“But”可知，此处表示“但是我总是营救(rescued)他”。leave“留下”；fetch“去取回”；defeat“打败”。8.ArolesBmannersCimagesDforms答案：A 解析：根据上文讲述的我们的游戏和扮演的角色可知，此处表示“第二天我们交换角色(roles)”。9.AsomethingBnothingCanythingDeverything答案：B 解析：根据空前的“We saved each other hundreds of times”及“but”可知，在游戏中我们互相营救了几百次，但是当我们家真的要离开去美国的时候，我们什么事情都做不了，故选B。10.Abroke downBmoved inCpulled awayDblew up答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，当火车开动(pulled away)时，我们默默地哭了。break down“分解，失败”；move in“搬进新居”；blow up“炸毁，给(某物)充气”。11.AveryBlastCfirstDonly答案：A 解析：根据空后的“one I had flown over in my German truck with Donald”可知，此处应选A。the very one表示“就是那一个”。12.AattackedBspottedCannoyedDkilledAeagerlyBcasuallyChardlyDcrazily答案：D 解析：根据上文可知，我们疯狂地(crazily)往岸边游去。eagerly”迫切地”；casually”偶然地”；hardly“几乎不”。14.ApanicBhesitationCdoubtDsilence答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，尽管恐慌、害怕(in panic)，“我”还是游回去保护她。hesitation“犹豫”；doubt“怀疑”：silence“沉默”。15.AfierceBfriendlyCimaginaryDtrue答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，鲨鱼被证明是我们想象的(imaginary)，但是“我”对朋友的深情是真实的。16.AcoolBshyCpassiveDopen答案：D 解析：根据空后的“emotionally honest and transparent”可知，和女性朋友在一起，“我”是坦率的(open)。17.AexpressBhideCadmitDcontrol答案：A 解析：根据空后的“however deep the friendship was”可知，和男性朋友在一起，无论友谊多么深厚，表达(express)关心的感情看起来都是不可能的。18.AembarrassmentBdisappointmentCreliefDsurprise答案：C 解析：根据空后的“research shows.processes”可知，此处表示“令我非常宽慰的是”。to ones relief为固定短语，意为“令人宽慰的是”。 19.AemotionalBphysicalCmentalDmoral20.AchangesBdevelopsCmattersDdiffers答案：D 解析：根据本段内容可知，“我”确实爱“我”的朋友们，只是“我”的表达方式不同(differs)。四、For me, two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”I_ _them years ago as a college student, sitting in the library，_ _， working on a paper.Out of nowhere, those words came _ _ off the page in a quote (引语)：“In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of_ _truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”Suddenly I wasnt unhappy and impatient any more.Then I_ _my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was_ _to hear what hed think of it.He had poor hearing, so I had to _ _it a few times, but once he_ _it, he laughed. “All I can say to that is totally_ _，” he said on the phone. I told him how glad I was, after a long winter, to finally see spring and_ _to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well, spring is a sure_ _that life persists.And it just makes me_ _.”He laughed again, and then_ _his lovely voice, he recited for me his_ _“ spring time” words: “ The desert shall rejoice (高兴) , and_ _as the rose does.even with joy and singing.”Many years later，_ _my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming (盛开的) cactuses，I could_ _hear my granddad laughing: “The desert shall rejoice.”Life persists, and so do we, in the silence of_ _and the blooming of cactuses; and in the dead of _ _and the green of spring.Spring_ _us that were alive forever.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力，从偶然读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。生命长存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，长存于冬去春来的绿意中。冬去春来，生命依然长存，而我们也要继续前行。1.Alooked forBhappened onCpicked outDmade up答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书馆里作者偶然遇到这两个单词“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或发现”，符合语境。pick out“挑选，辨别出”；make up“编造”。2.AboredBconcentratedCtiredDconfused3.ArunningBdancingCrushingDmoving答案：B 解析：这两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。dancing在此形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。4.AfearBaccusationCsuspicionDuntruth答案：D 解析：在死亡中，生命依然坚持；在谎言中，真理依然长存；在黑暗中，光明依然永驻。根据句中的death与life，darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。untruth“虚假，不真实”符合语境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“怀疑”。5.AcalledBvisitedCconsultedDinformed答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者给爷爷打电话。call“(给)打电话”，符合语境。visit“看望，拜访”；consult“咨询”；inform“告知“。6.ApatientBconfidentCupsetDdesperate答案：D 解析：根据语境及上文中的“I loved to talk with him”可知，作者很想听到爷爷(对这句话)是怎么看的。desperate“极想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7.AcopyBprintCrepeatDrecite答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复(repeat)这句话。copy“抄写”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。8.AgotBmadeCundertookDmanaged答案：A 解析：但是一旦作者的爷爷明白(got it)了，他就笑了起来。make it“获得成功，准时到达”。9.ApuzzlementBscepticismCagreementDdisapproval10.ApracticallyBespeciallyCobviouslyDnaturally答案：B 解析：作者告诉爸爸她在漫长的冬天过去，最终看到春天，特别是偶然发现这句引语，自己是有多高兴。especially “特别，尤其”，符合语境。practically“实际地，差不多”；obviously“明显地”；naturally“自然而然地”。11.AwayBinspirationCremarkDsign答案：D 解析：春天就是一个可信的迹象，它表明生命是长存的。sign”迹象，征兆”符合语境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。12.AastonishedBenergeticCmerryDalive答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“I wasnt unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高兴)“joy”及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感到开心(merry)。astonished“震惊的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。13.AinBwithCofDbeyond答案：A 解析：作者的爷爷又笑了笑，然后用他那悦耳的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜欢的语句。Invoice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14.AimpressiveBsuperbCclassicalDfavorite答案：D 解析：参见上题解析。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；superb“极佳的，质量极高的”；classical“经典的”；favorite“最喜欢的”。15.AexistBflowerCsurviveDsow答案：B 解析：沙漠应该高兴，像玫瑰一样盛开。根据空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“开花”符合语境。16.AafterBwhenCuntilDalthough17.AhardlyBalwaysCalmostDmostly答案：C 解析：参见上题解析。almost“几乎，差不多”，符合语境。18.AjourneysBwordsCworldDdesert答案：D 解析：根据空后的“the blooming of cactuses.”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛开的)cactuses”及“The desert shall rejoice”可知，生命长存，同样的，我们也要坚持。生命长存于寂静的沙漠(desert)中和盛开的仙人掌里。19.AwinterBspringCsummerDautumn答案：A 解析：in the dead of winter“在隆冬，在严冬”。空前的dead形象地表现出了冬季万物萧条的景象，与春季的绿意及万物复苏的景象形成鲜明的对比。20.AconvincesBassuresCremindsDstrikes答案：C 解析：春天提醒我们，我们永远充满活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使确信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。五、Life in the Slow LaneI always seemed to be rushing through my life.Id_my seat belt and slam (猛踩) the accelerator to get where I wanted to go. Or, at the mall, Id_the stores like a runner in the hundred-meter dash. There just werent enough hours in the day and I was afraid I might _ something if I didnt hurry up.And then one day, as fate would have it, I ran out of _.As my car coasted off the road, I looked at my watch and hit the steering wheel _.I had a meeting in fifteen minutes and I hadnt even finished _for it.But as I got out of my car, a(n)_ thing happened.I looked out towards the east, and the _ was just beginning to shine over the horizon. There was a low misty_ hanging over the river, and some ducks were cutting thick, smooth trails (痕迹) across the otherwise glass-like surface of the water.A few sailboats _at anchor, their mirror images extending out before them. I was shocked.This _ scene had been going on right outside my car every morning and I had never _ time appreciating it.I had been rushing around in such a _ that I had been missing everything!I was quietly，_， patiently watching as the sun painted a brand new day when a co-worker finally_my car and stopped for me.I had somehow been transformed.Life went from a fast break dance into a slow waltz.I began taking long, slow walks_my yard and neighborhood, noticing for the first time all the neighbors, mysteries and wonders_were right there for me to see all the time.Not only were there sights that I had been missing, but I began to hear entire _ all around me: birds singing, wind blowing and leaves rustling._ one gives close attention to anything, even a blade of grass，it becomes a mysterious, beautiful and indescribably magnificent_in itself.文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者在一次因车无油而下车欣赏到身边的美景的经历后开始学着享受慢生活的故事。1.AhardenBloosenCtightenDwiden2.Arace throughBpass byCcome acrossDlook into答案：A 解析：根据“like a runner in the hundred-meter dash”可推知，作者是在快速移动，与上文的“rushing through my life”呼应。3.AwasteBmissCmeetDcost4.AmoneyBwaterCtimeDgas答案：D 解析：根据下文的“As my car coasted off the road”可推知，作者的车当时没有油了。5.AdelightfullyBin depressionCbravelyDin astonishment答案：B 解析：结合下文的“I had a meeting in fifteen minutes and I hadnt even finished _ for it”可推知，作者当时很沮丧，空处与”hit the steering wheel”呼应。6.AwaitingBcallingCcaringDpreparing答案：D 解析：因为作者还没有做完准备工作，而车又没有油了，这让作者很沮丧。7.AconfusingBamusingCamazingDembarrassing答案：C 解析：根据下文的“I was shocked.This _ _ scene had been going on right outside my car every morning and I had never _ _ time appreciating it”可推知，作者下车后，发现了令他惊喜的事情。8.AstarBlightCmoonDsun答案：D 解析：根据下文的“shine over the horizon”可推知，此处表示太阳刚刚升起。下文的“as the sun”也是提示。9.AiceBwindCsmokeDfog答案：D 解析：根据空前的“misty”可知，此处表示早上轻雾弥漫在河上的场景。10.AsatBwentCseatedDreached答案：A 解析：结合语境可知，此处表示“停靠”，故选A。11.AdisastrousBaccidentalCgloriousDnecessary答案：C 解析：根据下文的“appreciating”可推知，作者为迷人的景致感到震撼。glorious“壮丽的，吸引人的”。 12.AbroughtBspentCtaughtDfounded答案：B 解析：spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”，符合语境，故选B。13.AhurryBcaseCpositionDmess答案：A 解析：此处与“had been rushing”呼应，表示作者一直生活匆忙。in a hurry“匆忙”。14.AregretfullyBjoyfullyCobviouslyDcarelessly答案：B 解析：根据上文的“appreciating”可推知，作者满心欢喜地欣赏着早上的景致。15.AmemorizedBborrowedCrecognizedDopened16.AaroundBwithCforDfrom答案：A 解析：根据语境可推知，作者开始了一种慢生活，到院子和周围的街区转转。17.AwhichBthatCwhoDwhat答案：B 解析：that在此引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。定语从句先行词为all the neighbors，mysteries and wonders，既有人又有物，故用that引导。18.AsymphoniesBfantasiesCnoisesDcultures答案：A 解析：根据下文的“birds singing，wind blowing and leaves rustling”可推知，周围所有的声响组合到一起成了交响乐。symphony“交响乐”。19.AUntilBAlthoughCThe momentDThe present答案：C 解析：the moment意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。20.AspaceBvillageCcityDworld答案： D 解析：根据文中的“anything”可推知，此处表示这一切组成一个美妙的
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