2022年考博英语-暨南大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷89

2022年考博英语-暨南大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题He joined a computer dating scheme（ ）but so far it hasnt a suitable patter.问题1选项A.come byB.come acrossC.come up withD.come round to【答案】B【解析】本题考查了词组的辨析。come by“经过”；come across“偶遇；偶然发现”；come up with“想出”；come round to“改变主意”，此处只有使用词组come across表示“偶然”才符合句子的语义逻辑，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：他偶然加入了一个计算机日程计划，但是到目前为止它还没有一个合适的模式。2. 不定项选择题Just about everyone knows the meaning of “value” though youd never know it from the excesses of the Eighties. Clever campaigns often allowed marketers to charge more for their product and reap ever-higher profits. It waked like a dream until suddenly, facing difficult economic times, consumers wake up. Now, to the extent that theyre buying, many consumers are choosing the car that delivers the most for the monkey not necessarily the one they coveted as a status symbol a few years ago, they are shifting to the toothpaste that works from the ones with it slickest promotions. Companies that understand this new consumer have come up with something new: “value marketing”.A word of caution is necessary. In marketing, watchwords quickly metamorphous into buzzwords and value is no exception. Were not taping about ads that merely boast of a products value or even such legitimate sates tools as price cuts and discount: Used correctly, value marketing amounts to much more than just stashing prices distributing coupons. It means giving the customer an improved product, with ads, features and enhancing the role of marketing itself. In value marketing, marketing becomes part of the system for delivering value to the consumer. Instead of merely shaping image, such a program might offer enhance guarantees or longer warranties, ads that educate rather than hype, membership club that build loyalty, frequent-buyer plans, improved communications with customer, through 800 numbers, or package design that makes the product easier to use or more environmentally friendly.These and other value-marketing techniques can be expensive. They can tanker added production and marketing costs added to lower unit prices. Even so, the principle involved in value marketing value for money, an improved product, enhanced nice, and added features, are just that U.S. business needs to enhance its competitiveness in the global marketplace. Thats why it will be all to the good if the commonsensical virtues of value marketing become part of the permanent strategy of U.S. business.1. Consumers have waken up because of（ ）.2. Many consumers are choosing the commodities（ ）.3. In the 1980s, people would like to go after the products（ ）.4. Communications with customers may be improved（ ）.5. A value marketing program may not include（ ）.问题1选项A.the poor products they boughtB.the high price they paid for what they boughtC.the difficult economic timesD.a horrible dream问题2选项A.that are preciousB.that are warrantedC.that can show their statusD.that deliver the most for the money问题3选项A.that were most expensiveB.that were up-to-dateC.that could show their statusD.that were in fashion问题4选项A.through annual customers congressB.through the free 800 numbersC.through membership clubsD.through frequent education问题5选项A.daily visits to customersB.longer warrantiesC.membership clubsD.environmentally friendly packages【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】第1题:推理判断题。消费者清醒了，因为，选项A“他们买到的差质量的商品”；选项B“他们花高价购买了商品”；选项C“经济困难时期”；选项D“一场噩梦”，根据文章第一段中“Clever campaigns often allowed marketers to charge more for their product and reap ever-higher profits. It waked like a dream until suddenly, facing difficult economic times, consumers wake up.聪明的营销活动往往使营销人员为他们的产品收取更多的费用，并获得更高的利润。它像一场梦一样的突然醒来，由于经历困难的经济时期，消费者清醒了”，由此句可知经历经济困难时期是消费者清醒的导火索，商家提高商品价格，使得消费者花高价购买了商品是消费者清醒过来的根本原因，此处应该选择真正使得消费者不再相信商家任意抬高的商品价格，清醒过来的根本原因，故正确答案为选项B。第2题:细节事实题。许多消费者会选择什么样的商品，选项A“宝贵的”；选项B“有保障的”；选项C“能够展示他们地位的”；选项D“更多的考虑价格”，根据文章第一段 中“Now, to the extent that theyre buying, many consumers are choosing the car that delivers the most for the monkeynot necessarily the one they coveted as a status symbol a few years ago现在，就他们的购买限度来说，许多消费者选择价格最合适的车，而不必要像几年前一样，选择能够代表社会地位的车”，此处是以车为例说明了现在消费者的购买倾向，所以在购买其他产品的时候他们同样也会考虑价格再做出选择，故正确答案为选项D。第3题:细节事实题。在19世纪80年代，人们会追崇什么商品，选项A“最贵的”；选项B“最新的”；选项C“展示他们社会地位的”；选项D“时髦的”，根据第一段中“many consumers are choosing the car that delivers the most for the monkeynot necessarily the one they coveted as a status symbol a few years ago 许多消费者会选择价格最合适的车，而不必要像几年前一样，选择能够代表社会地位的车”，可知几年前，也差不多就是80 年代的时候，人们会倾向于选择能够展示他们社会地位的商品，而不是那些最贵的，最新的或者时髦的，故正确答案为选项C。第4题:细节事实题。与消费者的沟通可能会通过什么来提高，选项A“通过每年召开消费者会议”；选项B“通过免费电话”；选项C“通过会员俱乐部”；选项D“通过经常的教育”，根据文章倒数第二段中“improved communications with customer, through 800 numbers 通过免费电话增加与消费者的沟通”，可知提高与消费者的沟通是通过800免费电话，故正确答案为选项B。第5题:细节事实题。价值营销活动不包括，选项A“每天拜访消费者”；选项B“更长时间的保证”；选项C“会员俱乐部”；选项D“环境友好的包装”，根据倒数第二段中对价值营销活动的介绍，我们可以知道提及了以下几个项目：更长时间的保证、注重教育而不是大肆宣传的广告、会员俱乐部、免费电话、采购计划、电话、提高包装设计，可知没有提到的活动是“每天拜访消费者”，故正确答案为选项A。3. 不定项选择题Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, know（1）personal experience how difficult this really is. For more than a year, I was（2）hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars a day investing the market. It seemed so easy. I dreamed of（3）my job at the end of the year, of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world. But these dreams（4）to a sudden and dramatic end when a stock I（5）, Texas cellular phone wholesaler, fell by more than 75 percent（6）a one year period. On the（7）day, it plunged by more than $15 a share. There was rumor the company was（8）sales figures. That was when I learned how quickly Wall Street（9）companies that misrepresent the（10）. In a（11）, I sold all my stock in the company, paving（12）margin debt with case advances from my（13）card. Because I owned so may shares, I（14）a small fortune, half of it from money I borrowed from the brokerage company. One month, I am a（15）, the next a loser. This one big loss was my first lesson in the market.My father was stock broker, as was my grandfather（16）him. (In fact, he founded one of Chicagos earliest brokerage firms.) But like so many thing in life, we dont learn anything until we（17）it for ourselves. The only way to really understand the inner（18）of the stock market is to invest your own hard-earned money. When all your stocks are doing（19）and you feel like a winner, you learn very little. Its when all your stocks are losing and everyone is questioning your stock-picking（20）that you find out if you have what it takes to invest in the market.问题1选项A.atB.inC.fromD.by问题2选项A.makingB.spendingC.sellingD.buying问题3选项A.losingB.retiringC.gettingD.quitting问题4选项A.turnedB.cameC.wentD.seemed问题5选项A.ownedB.owedC.rentedD.sold问题6选项A.overB.byC.fromD.with问题7选项A.busyB.slowC.worstD.fast问题8选项A.cheatingB.exaggeratingC.announcingD.beating问题9选项A.punishesB.defeatsC.tellsD.shows问题10选项A.tradeB.truthC.lieD.lies问题11选项A.despairB.worryC.panicD.moment问题12选项A.allB.offC.overD.up问题13选项A.creditB.identityC.identificationD.loan问题14选项A.wonB.lostC.gainedD.found问题15选项A.winnerB.champagneC.geniusD.mentor问题16选项A.afterB.beforeC.forD.and问题17选项A.rememberB.liveC.imagineD.experience问题18选项A.workingsB.inningsC.priceD.shares问题19选项A.moreB.greatC.muchD.up问题20选项A.facilityB.facultyC.abilityD.power【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:C第8题:B第9题:A第10题:B第11题:C第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:A第19题:C第20题:C【解析】第1题:考查介词词义辨析。at和in表示“在（地点；场所；时间；空间）”；by“通过；被；依据；经由”；from“来自；从；由”，表示“从当中知道”时，know应该与介词from搭配，句意：从个人经验中知道这有多难。故正确答案为C。第2题:考查动词词义辨析。making“做；使得”；spending“花费”；selling“卖”；buying“买”，根据dollars“美元”可知此处应该选择一个动词来与之搭配，所以此处应该选择一个词表示“花费”的意思，句意：我每天在市场上投资成百上千美元。故正确答案为B。第3题:考查动词辨析。losing“输掉”；retiring“退休”；getting“得到”；quitting“停止”，根据上下文可知作者妄想通过炒股赚钱，实现人生梦想。根据of travelling around the world“环球旅行”，可知此处表达的是作者辞掉工作，这样才有时间环球旅行。句意：我梦想在年底辞掉工作。故正确答案为D。第4题:考查固定搭配。turned“转动；使旋转；转弯；翻过来”；came“来；开始；出现；发生；变成；到达”；went“走；达到；运转；趋于”；seemed“似乎；像是；装作”， come to a . end是固定搭配，表示“导致一个样的结果”，故正确答案为came。句意：但这些梦想突然戏剧性地结束了。判断出此处B选项正确。第5题:考查动词词义辨析。owned“拥有”；owed“欠”；rented“租”；sold“卖”，根据后文可知此处要表达的意思是“我拥有的一只股票”，故正确答案为A。第6题:考查介词词义辨析。over“越过；在之上”；by“通过；被；依据；经由”；from“来自；从；由”；with“用；和；随着”，此处表达的是“在一年之中”，此处表示时间的经过时要用介词over。句意：在一年的时间里下降了75%以上。由此可知，答案为A选项。第7题:考查形容词词义辨析。busy“忙的”；slow“缓慢的”；worst“最糟糕的”；fast “快速的”，根据下文可知此处是要选择一个形容词来描述“一天之内跌了$15”的一天，这一天肯定是十分糟糕的。句意：在最糟糕的一天，它的股价下跌了超过15美元。故正确答案为C选项。第8题:考查动词词义辨析。cheating “欺骗；骗取”；exaggerating “使扩大；使增大”；announcing“宣布；诉说”；beating“打；打败”，根据rumor“谣言；谣传”可知此处表达的是这个公司的一个不光彩的动作，在sales figure“销售数据”上夸大了，作假了。句意：有传闻说公司在夸大销售数字。故正确答案为选项B。第9题:考查动词词义辨析。punishes“惩罚”；defeats“打败”；tells“告诉；分辨”；shows“显示；说明”，根据上下文可知该公司因为在销售数据上作假，所以导致其股票价格不停地下跌，这是华尔街对这个公司的惩罚。句意：那时我才知道华尔街惩罚公司的速度有多快。故正确答案为A。第10题:考查名词词义辨析。trade“贸易；交易；行业”；truth“真理；事实”；lies “谎言”。misrepresent是“歪曲”的意思，所以根据上文提到的夸大销售数据可知此处应该是“歪曲事实”，故正确答案为truth。第11题:考查名词词义辨析。despair“绝望”；worry“担心”；panic“恐慌”；moment“片刻；瞬间”，此处选择的名词与In a搭配，表示的是作者当时的心理状态，联系上下文，作者在目睹自己的股票在一夜之间下跌15美元之后，心理状态应该是十分惊慌的， 所以他才将股票全部卖出，in a panic表示“惊慌地”，故正确答案为C。第12题:考查固定搭配。pay all“付出一切”；pay off“付清；还清”；pay over无此搭配；pay up“全部付清”，根据debt“债务”可知此处应该从pay off和pay up两个词组中选择，pay up是不及物的，接名词时后面还应该加介词，所以此处应该选择pay off，句意：用预付款来偿还保证金债务。因此正确答案为B选项。第13题:考查固定搭配辨析。credit“信用”；identify“确定；鉴别”；identification“身份证明”；loan“贷款”，联系上文可知此处指的是credit card“信用卡”，因为他炒股票输了钱，只能用信用卡来偿还，故正确答案为credit。因此正确答案为A选项。第14题:考查动词词义辨析。won“赢得”；lost“失去；输掉”；gained“得到”；found“发现；找到”，根据a small fortune“一小笔财富”与上文中作者所购买的股票下跌可知此处表达的是作者输掉了一小笔钱，故正确答案为lost。因此正确答案为B选项。第15题:考查名词词义辨析。winner“赢家”；champagne“香槟酒”；genius“天才”；mentor“指导者”，根据全文意思以及句子结构，可知此处填的名词应该与loser“输家”相对立，所以应该选择winner。因此正确答案为A选项。第16题:考查介词词义辨析。after“在之后”；before“在之前”；for“因为；为了”；and“和；而且”，根据句子表达的意思，作者的父亲和爷爷都是股票经纪人，按照常识可知作者的爷爷应该是先于作者的父亲的，故正确答案为before。因此正确答案为B选项。第17题:考查动词词义辨析。remember“记住”；live“度过”；imagine“想象”；experience“经历；体验”，根据全文的主题，可知作者此处要表达的观点是任何事情都需要经历之后 才能了解它，此处应该选择experience，表示经历某种事情，故正确答案为experience。因此正确答案为D选项。第18题:考查名词词义辨析。working“工作”；innings“局；回合”；price“价格”；shares“份额；股份”，此处要表达的意思是真正去了解股票市场的内部的东西，四个选项中只有 working最恰当，句意：真正了解股票市场内部运作的唯一方法是用你自己的血汗钱投资，故正确答案为working。因此正确答案为A选项。第19题:考查词义辨析。more“更多”；great“伟人”；much“许多；大量”；up“上升；繁荣”，此句要表达的意思是如果你的股票上涨，你就会感觉自己像个赢家，此处doing much是“上涨；赢钱”的意思，句意：当你所有的股票都表现出色，你觉得自己是个赢家的时候，故正确答案为much。因此正确答案为C选项。第20题:考查名词词义辨析。facility“设施；设备”；faculty“全体教员”；ability“能力”；power“力量”，根据前半句“当你的股票输钱的时候，所有人都会来质疑你股票选择 的”，四个选项中只有ability最为恰当，句意：当你所有的股票都在下跌，每个人都在质疑你选股的能力时，你才会发现自己是否具备在市场上投资的能力。故正确答案为ability。因此正确答案为C选项。4. 单选题Miss Rosemary Adang went through the composition carefully to（ ）all errors from it.问题1选项A.eliminateB.terminateC.illuminateD.alleviate【答案】A【解析】同形词辨析题。eliminate“排除；消除”；terminate“结束；终结”；illuminate “照亮”；alleviate“减轻；缓和”，“仔细地浏览作文”的目的是“排除错误”，符合逻辑，所以此处应该使用动词eliminate，故正确答案为选项A。句意为：罗斯玛丽亚当小姐仔细地浏览作文，以排除所有错误。5. 不定项选择题Great emotional and intellectual resources are demanded in quarrels; stamina helps, as does a capacity for obsession. But no one is born a good quarreler; the craft must be learned.There are two generally recognized apprenticeships. First, and universally preferred, is a long childhood spent in the company of fractious siblings. After several years of rainy afternoons, brothers and sisters develop a sure feel for the tactics of attrition and the niceties of strategy so necessary in first-rate quarrelling.The only child, or the child of peaceful or repressed households, is likely to grow up failing to understand that quarrels, unlike arguments, are not about anything least of all the pursuit of truth. The apparent subject of a quarrel is a mere pretext; the real business is the quarrel itself.Essentially, adversaries in a quarrel are out to establish or rescue their dignity. I fence the elementary principle: anything may be said. The unschooled, probably no less quarrelsome by inclination than anyone else, may spend an hour with knocking heart, sifting the consequences of roiling this old acquaintance a lying fraud. Too late! With a cheerful wave the old acquaintance has left the room.Those who miss their first apprenticeship may care to enroll in the second, the bad marriage. This can be perilous for the neophyte; the mutual intimacy of spouses makes them at once more vulnerable and more dangerous in attack. Once sex is involved, the stakes are higher all round.And there is an unspoken rule that those who love, or have loved, one another are granted a license for unlimited beastliness such as is denied to mere sworn enemies. For all that, some of our most tenacious black belt quarrelers have come to it late in fife and mastered every throw, from the Crushing Silence to the Gloating Apology, in less than ten years of marriage.A quarrel may last years. Among brooding types Kith time on their hands, like writers, half a lifetime is not uncommon. In its most refined form, a quarrel may consist of the participants not talking to each other. They will need to scheme laboriously to appear in public together to register their silence.Brief, violent quarrels are also known as rows. In all cases the essential ingredient remains the same; the original cause must be forgotten as soon as possible. From here on, dignity, pride, self-esteem, honor ate the crucial issues, which is why quarrelling like jealousy, is an all-consuming business, virtually a profession. For the quarrelers very self-hood is on the fine. To lose an argument is a brief disappointment, much like losing a game of tennis; but to be crushed in a quarrel. rather bite off your tongue and spread it at your opponents feet.1. Unschooled quarrelers are said to be at a disadvantage because（ ）.2. According to the writer, quarrels between married couples may be（ ）.3. When quarrelling both children and married couples may, according to the writer（ ）.4. The difference between a quarrel and an argument is said to be that（ ）.5. In the passage as a whole, the writer treats quarrelling as if it were（ ）.问题1选项A.their insults fail to offend their opponentB.they reveal their nervousness to their opponentC.they suffer from remorse for what theyve saidD.they are apprehensive about speaking their minds问题2选项A.physically violentB.extremely bitterC.essentially trivialD.sincerely regretted问题3选项A.be particularly brutalB.use politeness as a weaponC.employ skillful maneuversD.exaggerate their feelings问题4选项A.the former involves individual egosB.the former concerns strong points of viewC.the latter has well-established milesD.the latter concerns trivial issues问题5选项A.a military campaignB.a social skillC.a moral evilD.a natural gift【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】第1题:推理判断题。没上过学的吵架者在吵架中不占优势的原因是，选项A“他们的羞辱不能激怒对手”；选项B“他们在对手面前表现出紧张”；选项C“他们对自己说的话感到悔恨”；选项D“他们害怕表露自己的心声”，根据文章第四段中“The unschooled, probably no less quarrelsome by inclination than anyone else, may spend an hour with knocking heart, sifting the consequences of roiling this old acquaintance a lying fraud. 没怎么受过教育的人，同样也跟其他人一样热衷于吵架，他们会花上很长的时间捶胸顿足，不断回想自己是怎么激怒了老熟人而陷入了他的骗局”，由此可知这些没上过学的人在吵架的时候因为没什么技巧，激怒别人之后就陷入了别人挖的坑里，于是他们不停的回想，不停的后悔自己所说的话，故正确答案为选项C。第2题:推理判断题。根据作者的观点，已婚夫妇之间的争吵也许会选项A“剧烈的身体攻击”；选项B“极度的尖酸刻薄”；选项C“基本上很琐碎”；选项D“真诚的道歉”，根据文章第六段的首句话“相爱的或者曾经相爱的人之间存在着一种不言而喻的规定，他们允许对方无限制的使用伤人的语言，就像是两个不共戴天的仇人一样。”根据这句话我们可以知道已婚夫妻之间的争吵会非常的尖酸刻薄，表现得像两个不共戴天的仇人一样，故正确答案为选项B。第3题:小孩子和已婚夫妇之间吵架的共同点是什么，选项A“特别的野蛮”；选项B“把礼貌当作一种武器”；选项C“运用非常有技巧的策略”；选项D“夸大感觉”，根据文章中分别对小孩子吵架和夫妻吵架的描写，小孩子“develop a sure feel for the tactics of attrition and the niceties of strategy so necessary in first-rate quarrelling. 明确的知道在最高级的吵架中技巧和战略的必要性”，由此可知小孩子的吵架非常注重技巧与战略；文章第六段在提及夫妻吵架之后接着说道“some of our most tenacious black belt quarrelers have come to it late in fife持久的吵架黑带通常在比较晚的时候练成；in less than ten years of marriage不超过婚后十年的时间”，可知作者想表达的是婚后，夫妻会变得非常擅于吵架，婚后的吵架会使他们练就吵架的技巧，这个从“黑带”一词可以体现出来，所以小孩子和已婚夫妇两者在吵架上的共同点就是非常具有技巧或者策略，故正确答案为选项C。第4题:推理判断题。吵架和争论之间的区别是什么，选项A“前者涉及个人自尊心”；选项B“前者关心强硬的观点”；选项C“后者建立了良好的规则”；选项D“后者涉及细小的问题”；根据文章最后一段中对于吵架的描写“dignity, pride, self-esteem, honor and the crucial issues, which is why quarrelling like jealousy, is an all-consuming business, virtually a profession尊严，骄傲，自尊，荣誉和其他关键问题是消耗所有精力的堪称专业的工作，它们解释了为什么说吵架就和妒忌一样”，这说明吵架是涉及个人的自尊心的，而对于争论的描写“To lose an argument is a brief disappointment, much like losing a game of tennis输掉一场争论只是片刻的失望，就像输掉一场网球比赛一样”，由此可知争论不会涉及个人的自尊心，简单的只是一种专业知识或者其他个人能力的较量，所以吵架和争论最大的区别就是吵架是涉及个人自尊心的，故正确答案为选项A。第5题:推理判断题。纵观全文，作者描写吵架就像描写选项A“一场军事行动”；选项B“一门社会技术”；选项C“一种不好的品德”；选项D“一种自然天赋”，作者在描写吵架的时候多处强调了吵架的技巧与战略，以及吵架技巧的两个养成阶段，仿佛吵架就像一门技术一样，需要我们练习与学习；作者还举了在社交场合吵架的例子，有技巧的人会赢，没有技巧的会输，强调了吵架这门技术的社会性，所以作者是在像描写一种社会技术一样的在描写吵架这门学问，故正确答案为选项B。6. 单选题The essay lacks（ ）as the writer keeps jumping from one subject to another.问题1选项A.subsistenceB.pregnancyC.fertilityD.coherence【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项subsistence“生活，生存”；B选项pregnancy“怀孕”；C选项fertility“富饶，生育率”；D选项coherence“一致，连贯性”。句意：这篇文章缺少连贯性，因为作者总是从一个主题跳到另一个主题上去。由空格后的as the writer keeps jumping for one subject to another（因为作者总是从一个主题跳到另一个主题）可知D选项与其意思对应。因此D选项符合题意。7. 单选题The jet airliner has（ ）from the Wright brothers, small airplane.问题1选项A.involvedB.evolvedC.devolvedD.revolved【答案】B【解析】本题是同形词辨析题。involved“包含”；evolved“进化”；devolved“移交”；revolved“旋转”，由“喷气客机”与“莱特兄弟发明的小型飞机”之间的关系我们可以知道莱特兄弟发明的小型飞机是喷气客机的前身，此处应该使用evolved这个动词，“evolve from”是“从演变过来”的意思，故正确答案为选项B。句意为：喷气客机是由莱特兄弟发明的小型飞机演变过来的。8. 单选题Jane buys all the fashion magazines, and she always tries to dress in（ ）with the latest style.问题1选项A.confirmationB.conformityC.variationD.proposal【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项confirmation“确认，证实”；B选项conformity“遵守，符合，一致”；C选项variation“变化”；D选项proposal“提议，建议，求婚”。句意：简买了所有的时尚杂志，她总是试图与最新的风格一样。本句表示，Jane喜欢时尚，总是紧跟时代潮流，那她穿的衣服应该是跟最新款式风格一致的，in conformity with“与一致，符合”，B选项conformity“遵守，符合，一致”意思正确。因此B选项符合题意。9. 写作题Directions: Write an essay in no less than 250 words.1.盗版现象日益严重2.盗版造成的后果3.我对抵制盗版问题的看法【答案】【参考范文】The Problem of Piracy10. 单选题As the painter is（ ）to pollens, he regrets a lot for losing the chance of drawing the beauty of spring in the fields.问题1选项A.nostalgicB.insolentC.acuteD.allergic【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项nostalgic“怀旧的，乡愁的”；B选项insolent“无礼的，傲慢的”；C选项acute“急性的，敏锐的”；D选项allergic“对过敏的，对极讨厌的”。句意：因为这个画家对花粉，他很遗憾要失去野外写生的机会。由后面句子he regrets a lot for losing the chance of drawing the beauty of spring in the fields（他很遗憾要）可知D选项allergic“对过敏的”（画家对花粉过敏）与前后意思对应。因此D选项符合句意。11. 填空题Your Smartphone May Be Hurting Your SleepA) You love your smartphone, but it may be ruining your ZZZs. Use of these devices, especially near bedtime, is associated with worse quality of sleep, according to a new study. “When we looked at smartphone use around the time when participants reported they went to bed, more smartphone use around that time in particular was associated with a longer time to fall asleep and worse sleep quality during the night,” said Dr. Gregory Marcus, author of the study and an associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. His research was published Wednesday in the journal PLOS One.B) The word “crack-berry” became popular roughly a decade ago to describe the addictive qu