2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第75期

2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Mr. Green has recently been（ ） to director of the presidents office.问题1选项A.pushedB.purchasedC.promotedD.promised【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。push “推”；purchase “购买”；promote “提升”；promise “承诺”。句意：格林先生最近升任为董事长办公室主任了。选项C符合题意。2. 单选题In order to strengthen his arguments, Toffler （ ）respectable social scientists who agree with him.问题1选项A.recitesB.confirmsC.quotesD.convinces【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。recite意为“背诵，朗诵，列举”；confirm意为“确认，批准，证实”；quote意为“引述，引用”；convince意为“使相信，说服，使承认”。句意：为了加强他的论点，托夫勒引用了同意他观点的受人尊敬的社会科学家的话。3. 单选题The city government is （ ）reforming the social security system.问题1选项A.contemplatingB.reflectingC.overtakingD.nourishing【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。contemplate意为“考虑，考虑接受（发生某事的可能性），深思熟虑”；reflect意为“反射（光、热、声或影像）”；overtake意为“追上，赶上”；nourish意为“滋养，施肥于”。句意：市政府正在考虑改革社会保障制度。4. 单选题Her letter was in such a causal scrawl, and in such pale ink, that it was almost （ ）.问题1选项A.unintelligibleB.vagueC.ambiguousD.illegible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unintelligible “莫名其妙的”；vague “模糊的，含糊的”；ambiguous “模糊不清的”；illegible “难辨认的；字迹模糊的”。句意：她信中的字迹非常随意,加上墨水很淡，几乎难以辨认。选项D符合题意。5. 单选题I admire her courage, compassion and （ ）to the cause of humanity, justice and peace.问题1选项A.devotionB.determinationC.oppositionD.realism【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。devotion奉献，忠诚，热爱；determination决心，果断；opposition反对；realism现实主义。句意：我钦佩她为了人道，正义与和平所表现出来的勇气、同情心和奉献精神。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题The republication(再版)of the poets most recent works will certainly （ ）his national reputation.问题1选项A.magnifyB.enlargeC.strengthenD.enhance【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。magnify放大；enlarge扩大；strengthen巩固，加强；enhance提高，增加。句意：这位诗人最新作品的再次出版必将提高他在全国的声誉。选项D更符合语境。7. 单选题He is （ ）about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.问题1选项A.obviousB.optionalC.outstandingD.optimistic【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。obvious明显的，平淡无奇的；optional可选择的，随意的；outstanding杰出的，显著的；optimistic乐观的。句意：对于在明年奥运会上赢得金牌的机会，他持乐观的态度。选项D符合语境。8. 单选题There was a big hole in the road which （ ）the traffic.问题1选项A.set backB.stood backC.held upD.kept down【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。set back推迟，使.受挫折；stand back退后；hold up举起，阻挡，拦截；keep down控制，镇压。句意：路上有个大坑，阻碍了交通。选项C符合句意。9. 单选题On New Years Eve, New York City holds an outdoor （ ）which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.问题1选项A.incidentB.eventC.caseD.affair【答案】B【解析】同义词辨析题。四个词都有事件的意思，incident指的是突发的，概率较小的事件；event指大型的活动或事件；case一般指案件；affair一般指私事。句意：在新年前夕，纽约市举行了一场户外活动，吸引了100多万人参加。根据参加的人数可推测活动规模之大，所以选项B更恰当。10. 单选题The advertisement says this material doesnt in the wash, but it has （ ）.问题1选项A.contractB.shrinkC.slimD.dissolve【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。contract缩短，感染；shrink收缩，缩水；slim使苗条；dissolve溶解，解散，消失。句意：.广告上说这种料子洗的时候不会缩水，但它确实缩水了。选项B符合句意。11. 单选题（ ）students should be motivated by a keen interest in theatre and should have some familiarity with plays in production.问题1选项A.ProspectiveB.ResponsibleC.EthnicD.Realistic【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。Prospective未来的，预期的；Responsible负责的，可靠的；Ethnic种族的；Realistic现实的。句意：未来的学生应该对戏剧有浓厚的兴趣，并对戏剧创作有一定的了解。选项A更符合语境。12. 翻译题Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the internationalmarketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of themembers of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variablelanguage, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics,technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, aninternational manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture.To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned and its interpretationcomes only through experience.one has tolive it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal withcultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around,following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is afact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor businessapproaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in eachcountry has been compared to an organ transplant, the critical question centersaround acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the internationalmanager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or evenblindness.【答案】文化是国际市场中最具挑战性的因素之一。特定社会成员的这种习得行为模式系统是由一系列动态变化的语言、宗教、价值观和习俗、美学、技术、教育和社会制度不断塑造而成的。为了应对这个系统，国际经理需要真实的文化和用于解释文化的知识。在某种程度上，事实知识可以习得，而文化的解释只能来源于经验。在处理文化环境的问题时，最复杂的问题是来自于一个人无法学到文化他必须置身其中。商业世界中存在着两种关于如何处理文化多样性的思想流派。一种是认为全世界的商业都是公事公办，像百事和麦当劳一样。在某些情况下，全球化是无法改变的事实，然而，文化差异还远没有融合。另一种观点认为，企业必须根据不同的文化来调整经营模式。在每个国家制定政策和程序被比作器官移植，关键问题在于接受与否。国际经理面临的主要挑战是确保拒绝接受不是文化近视甚至眼盲的结果。13. 单选题Some diseases are （ ）by certain water animals.问题1选项A.transplantedB.transformedC.transportedD.transmitted【答案】D【解析】形近词辨析题。transplant移植；transform改变，变换；transport运输；transmit传输，传播。句意：有些疾病是由某些水生动物传播的。这里指疾病的传播，所以选项D正确。14. 单选题The （ ）is nearly dead, so I cannot start the car again.问题1选项A.beanB.beamC.brakeD.battery【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。bean “豆；毫无价值的东西”；beam “横梁，光线，电波”; bake “烤，烘烤食品”；battery “电池,蓄电池”。句意：电池没电了，所以我不能启动车。选项D符合题意。15. 单选题The importance of interior design becomes （ ）when we realize how much time we spend surrounded by four walls.问题1选项A.attractiveB.appropriateC.evidentD.obscure【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。attractive意为“有魅力的，吸引人的”；appropriate意为“适当的，合适的”；evident意为“明显的，明白的”；obscure意为“昏暗的，朦胧的”。句意：当我们意识到我们花了多少时间待在家里时，室内设计的重要性就变得明显了。16. 单选题There are several possible explanations for the great job （ ）in Japan in contrast to the great job mobility in the United States.问题1选项A.creativityB.securityC.credibilityD.stability【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。creativity创造性；security安全性；credibility确实性；stability稳定性。句意：与美国巨大的工作流动性相比，日本的工作稳定性高是有一些合理的解释的。根据下文的mobility可推测，两者形成对比，所以选项D正确。17. 单选题The meeting was（ ） by the National Association of Women for the purpose of furthering the womens liberation movement.问题1选项A.chairedB.sponsoredC.participatedD.assigned【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。chair意为“担任（会议、讨论等的）主席，主持（会议、讨论等）”；sponsor意为“赞助（活动、节目）等，主办，举办”；participate意为“参加，参与”；assign意为“分派，选派，分配”。句意：会议由全国妇女协会主办，目的是促进妇女解放运动。18. 单选题Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded （ ）27%.问题1选项A.byB.forC.toD.in【答案】A【解析】介词辨析题。expand by“增加了”；expand for“扩展为”；expand to“增加到”；expand in“在中增加”。句意：在1974年到1997年间，海外游客的数量增加了27%。选项A符合语境。19. 单选题The offer of a free overseas tour （ ）him into buying the villa on the hillside.问题1选项A.discouragedB.committedC.temptedD.tangled【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。discourage阻止，使气馁；commit犯错，委托；tempt诱惑，引起；tangle使纠缠。句意：因为提供免费的境外旅游诱使他买下了山坡上的别墅。选项C更符合语境。20. 单选题With the （ ）of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party.问题1选项A.exhibitionB.exceptionC.exceptD.reception【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。exhibition “展览，展览会；显示”；exception “例外，异议”；except “除之外”，是介词；reception “接待，接收”。句意：除了玛丽之外，所有的女生都希望去聚会。选项B符合题意。